Astrocytic tumors, high-grade

Human astrocytic tumors are primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors that arise either from astrocytes or from precursor cells. A growing number of epidemiological and incidence studies in different countries underlined that, in addition to increasing economic costs for health systems, these cancers are still representing one of the main hurdles in developing a successful therapeutic goal for patients. On the other hand, new-omics technologies are offering customized instruments and more and more advantageous results toward personalized medicine approaches, underlining the concept that each tumor mass undergoes a peculiar transformation process under the control of specific genes’ and proteins’ functional signatures. The main aim of this Special Issue was to collect novel contributions in the wide field of human tumor astrocytic basic and translational research, to suggest further potential therapeutic targets/strategies that might interfere, possibly at the earliest stage of transformation, with the tumor progression, and to increase the molecular-based arsenal to counteract the prognostic poverty of high-grade astrocytic tumors.

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Differentiation between Supratentorial Single Brain Metastases and High Grade Astrocytic Tumors: An Evaluation of Different DSC MRI Measurements

The Neuroradiology Journal ◽

10.1177/197140090902200401 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 369-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. Zhang ◽

L.A. Rödiger ◽

G. Zhang ◽

M. Oudkerk

Keyword(s):

Brain Metastases ◽

Cerebral Blood Volume ◽

Mean Transit Time ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Threshold Value ◽

High Grade ◽

Diagnostic Efficiency ◽

Astrocytic Tumors ◽

Dsc Mri ◽

Mri Measurements

This study evaluated the role of different perfusion MRI measurements in the pre-operative differentiation between single brain metastases and high grade astrocytic tumors. 24 high-grade astrocytic tumors and 29 single metastases were studied. A gradient echo-planar sequence was used for DSC MRI. Relative cerebral blood volume, cerebral blood flow and mean transit time in both tumor parenchyma (T rCBV, T rCBF and T rMTT) and peritumoral edema (P rCBV, P rCBF and P rMTT) were measured. Mann-Whitney tests were used to assess differences between single brain metastases and high grade astrocytic tumors. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to determine optimum thresholds for tumor differentiation. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for identifying brain metastases were calculated. Mean T rCBV, T rCBF, P rCBV and P CBF of brain metastases (2.75±1.72, 2.51±2.09, 1.05±0.53, 0.87±0.40) differed statistically (P <0.05) from those of high grade astrocytic tumors (6.00±2.17, 5.68±2.35, 1.77±1.19 and 1.58±0.99). No statistical difference was found between mean rMTTs of these two entities (P >0.05). Based on the area under the ROC curves (AUC), the efficiency of T rCBV and T rCBF for correct diagnosis of brain metastases is almost identical (AUC: 0.899, 0.890 respectively) and superior to other measurements. A threshold value of 3.50 for T rCBF provided the same specificity (86.7) as that of T rCBV but higher sensitivity (86.2) and accuracy (86.3). Different perfusion measurements can be used to differentiate single metastases from high-grade astrocytic tumors. T rCBF showed the highest diagnostic efficiency among these measurements.

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The Combined Determination of Proliferative Activity and Cell Density in the Prognosis of Adult Patients With Supratentorial High-Grade Astrocytic Tumors

American Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1093/ajcp/107.3.321 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 107 (3) ◽

pp. 321-331 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Robert Kiss ◽

Olivier Dewitte ◽

Christine Decaestecker ◽

Isabelle Camby ◽

Laurence Gordower ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Density ◽

Proliferative Activity ◽

Adult Patients ◽

High Grade ◽

Astrocytic Tumors

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Genome-wide ChIP-seq analysis of EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 target gene profile highlights differences between low- and high-grade astrocytic tumors

Carcinogenesis ◽

10.1093/carcin/bgw126 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. bgw126 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Vikas Sharma ◽

Prit Benny Malgulwar ◽

Suvendu Purkait ◽

Vikas Patil ◽

Pankaj Pathak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Target Gene ◽

High Grade ◽

Astrocytic Tumors ◽

Gene Profile ◽

Genome Wide

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Angiogenic patterns and their quantitation in high grade astrocytic tumors

Journal of Neuro-Oncology ◽

10.1007/s11060-006-9120-6 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 19-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Suash Sharma ◽

Mehar C. Sharma ◽

Deepak Kumar Gupta ◽

Chitra Sarkar

Keyword(s):

High Grade ◽

Astrocytic Tumors

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Correlation between Promoter Hypermethylation of the O6-Methylguanine-Deoxyribonucleic Acid Methyltransferase Gene and Prognosis in Patients with High-grade Astrocytic Tumors Treated with Surgery, Radiotherapy, and 1-(4-Amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea-based Chemotherapy

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/01.neu.0000103422.51382.99 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 349-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Takanori Kamiryo ◽

Kenji Tada ◽

Shoji Shiraishi ◽

Naoki Shinojima ◽

Masato Kochi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Time ◽

Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽

Methylation Status ◽

Promoter Hypermethylation ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Karnofsky Performance Scale ◽

Relative Role ◽

High Grade ◽

Astrocytic Tumors ◽

Mgmt Promoter

Abstract OBJECTIVE O 6-Methylguanine-deoxyribonucleic acid methyltransferase (MGMT) is a deoxyribonucleic acid repair protein associated with the chemoresistance of chloroethylnitrosoureas. We investigated whether MGMT promoter hypermethylation is associated with prognosis in patients with high-grade astrocytic tumors treated uniformly with surgery, radiotherapy, and 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea (ACNU)-based chemotherapy. METHODS Using the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, we assayed promoter hypermethylation of the MGMT gene in tumor deoxyribonucleic acid from 116 adult patients with supratentorial high-grade astrocytic tumors (42 anaplastic astrocytomas [AAs] and 74 glioblastomas multiforme [GBMs]). The Cox proportional hazards model was used in forward stepwise regression to assess the relative role of prognostic factors (i.e., age at surgery, sex, Karnofsky Performance Scale score, extent of surgical resection, methylation status of the MGMT promoter, and association between MGMT promoter methylation and survival). RESULTS MGMT promoter hypermethylation was confirmed in 19 (45.2%) of 42 AA patients and 33 (44.6%) of 74 GBM patients. It was significantly associated with both longer overall and progression-free survival time in AA but not GBM patients. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that MGMT promoter hypermethylation is associated with longer survival time in patients with AA who were treated with surgery, radiotherapy, and ACNU-based chemotherapy but not in patients with GBM.

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