Effect of micro-scale morphological parameters on meso-scale response of Asphalt Concrete

2014 ◽  
pp. 1775-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Onifade ◽  
Denis Jelagin ◽  
Alvaro Guarin ◽  
Björn Birgisson ◽  
Nicole Kringos
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Scale Response ◽  
Meso Scale

MICRO AND MESO SCALES OF DESCRIPTION CORRESPONDING TO A MODEL OF TISSUE INVASION BY SOLID TUMOURS

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1667-1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIROSŁAW LACHOWICZ
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Type Equation ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Solid Tumours ◽  
Macroscopic Model ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Tissue Invasion ◽  
Mathematical Relationships ◽  
Meso Scale

In this paper two new mathematical models are proposed that correspond to a macroscopic model of tissue invasion of solid tumours, in terms of a system of reaction-diffusion-chemotaxis equations. The first model is defined at the micro-scale level of a large number of interacting individual entities, and is in terms of a linear (Markov) equation. The second model refers to the meso-scale level of description of test-entities and is given in terms of a bilinear Boltzmann-type equation. Mathematical relationships among these three possible descriptions are formulated. Explicit error estimates are given.

Attracted to the outside: a meso-scale response pattern of lesser black-backed gulls at an offshore wind farm revealed by GPS telemetry

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 701-710
Author(s):  
Nicolas Vanermen ◽  
Wouter Courtens ◽  
Robin Daelemans ◽  
Luc Lens ◽  
Wendt Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Farm ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Offshore Wind Farm ◽  
Bird Density ◽  
Scale Response ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Meso Scale

Abstract Among seabirds, lesser black-backed gulls (Larus fuscus) are considered to be at high risk of colliding with offshore wind turbines. In this respect, we used GPS tracking data of lesser black-backed gulls caught and tagged in two colonies along the Belgian North Sea coast (Ostend and Zeebrugge) to study spatial patterns in the species’ presence and behaviour in and around the Thornton Bank offshore wind farm (OWF). We found a significant decrease in the number of GPS fixes of flying birds from up to a distance of at least 2000 m towards the middle of the wind farm. Non-flying birds showed a similar avoidance of the wind farm interior, yet presence strongly peaked right at the wind farm’s edge, demonstrated to represent gulls perching on the outer turbine jacket foundations. The findings of this study reveal a strong within-wind farm variability in bird density, a most crucial parameter in collision risk modelling. The method presented here is straightforward and similar studies conducted at other wind farm sites on a range of large gull species (Larus sp.) would allow to assess the potential and species-specific variation in meso-scale response patterns and to gain insight in the underlying ecological incentives, which in turn would provide widely applicable and much-needed input for (cumulative) collision impact assessments.

Meso and micro-scale response of post carbon removal nitrifying MBBR biofilm across carrier type and loading

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Young ◽  
Bahman Banihashemi ◽  
Daina Forrest ◽  
Kevin Kennedy ◽  
Alain Stintzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Removal ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Scale Response

scholarly journals Measurement of Spindle Thermal Growth on a Machine Intended for Micro/Meso Scale Milling

2010 ◽  
Vol 447-448 ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Saedon ◽  
Sein Leung Soo ◽  
David K. Aspinwall
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Thermal Growth ◽  
Acceleration And Deceleration ◽  
Meso Scale

Micro milling is gaining ground as the preferred process for the manufacture of micro/meso-scale components in conventional workpiece materials, in particular for miniature moulds and tooling inserts (~ 60HRC), for the plastics injection moulding industry. Following a brief literature review on microscale milling and associated machine tool/tooling developments, experimental results are presented in relation to spindle thermal growth for a compensated/cooled spindle operating at up to 60,000 rpm, designed to accommodate the machining of meso-scale/micro-scale components. The work involved investigation of spindle warm up and cool down rates for speeds ranging from 30,000 - 60,000 rpm and subsequently the evaluation of spindle growth using both non-contact and contact measuring systems. Growth levels of up to 16µm were detected despite active spindle cooling and the incorporation of a standard compensation algorithm within the control system. Modification to spindle acceleration and deceleration rates reduced error levels by up to 50%.

scholarly journals Fabrication of beam structures with micro-scale cross-sections and meso-scale spans

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 2516-2521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael James Martin ◽  
Robert D White ◽  
Katsuo Kurabayashi ◽  
Iain D Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Beam Structures ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Meso Scale

Modeling transverse micro flow in dry fiber placement preforms

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (13) ◽  
pp. 1691-1703
Author(s):  
Oliver Rimmel ◽  
David May
Keyword(s):  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Liquid Composite Molding ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Fiber Placement ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Numerical Solver ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Meso Scale

Dry fiber placement has a large potential for manufacturing preforms for primary-load components at minimum scrap rate and fiber crimp. Yet, challenging impregnation behavior due to low permeability of these preforms during liquid composite molding imposes a need for further research to optimize preform structure for higher permeability. For full understanding of flow behavior within these preforms, flow has to be considered on micro scale (in between single fibers), on meso scale (in between single rovings or strands), and on macro scale (on scale of parts to be manufactured). While macro and meso scale can be measured in experiments or derived from filling times in real processes, micro scale is usually not easily assessable and accessible for standard textile materials. Analytical approaches are limited to regular fiber arrangements (square and hexagonal) that are strongly differing from real arrangements. The present work deals with application of a numerical solver to random fiber arrangements to determine micro permeability transverse to the fiber orientation, for later use in meso- and macro-scaled models. As a premise for reliable calculation, guidelines for boundary conditions as well as size and resolution of the representative volume element are elaborated in the course of this work. Calculated out-of-plane micro permeabilities are subsequently compared to real experiments and show good accordance. The influence of binder particles on micro permeability has not yet been conclusively clarified.

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