Molecular Interactions between Plant Viruses and Their Biological Vectors

Plant Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Marwal ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Verma ◽  
SMP Khurana ◽  
R.K. Gaur
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
Plant Viruses

Ectodesmata as Revealed By Freeze-Etch Preparations of Plant Epidermal Cell Walls

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 468-469
Author(s):  
N.C. Lyon ◽  
W. C. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Thin Sections

Schumacher and Halbsguth first demonstrated ectodesmata as pores or channels in the epidermal cell walls in haustoria of Cuscuta odorata L. by light microscopy in tissues fixed in a sublimate fixative (30% ethyl alcohol, 30 ml:glacial acetic acid, 10 ml: 65% nitric acid, 1 ml: 40% formaldehyde, 5 ml: oxalic acid, 2 g: mecuric chloride to saturation 2-3 g). Other workers have published electron micrographs of structures transversing the outer epidermal cell in thin sections of plant leaves that have been interpreted as ectodesmata. Such structures are evident following treatment with Hg++ or Ag+ salts and are only rarely observed by electron microscopy. If ectodesmata exist without such treatment, and are not artefacts, they would afford natural pathways of entry for applied foliar solutions and plant viruses.

Solid-phase immunoelectron microscopy for rapid diagnosis of enteroviruses

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 226-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pegg-Feige ◽  
F. W. Doane
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Virus Diagnosis ◽  
Antiviral Antibody

Immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) applied to rapid virus diagnosis offers a more sensitive detection method than direct electron microscopy (DEM), and can also be used to serotype viruses. One of several IEM techniques is that introduced by Derrick in 1972, in which antiviral antibody is attached to the support film of an EM specimen grid. Originally developed for plant viruses, it has recently been applied to several animal viruses, especially rotaviruses. We have investigated the use of this solid phase IEM technique (SPIEM) in detecting and identifying enteroviruses (in the form of crude cell culture isolates), and have compared it with a modified “SPIEM-SPA” method in which grids are coated with protein A from Staphylococcus aureus prior to exposure to antiserum.

Rotary Beveling for In Situ Thin-Section Microscopy of Cell Cultures

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 550-551
Author(s):  
Dean A. Handley ◽  
Jack T. Alexander ◽  
Shu Chien
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
Convenient Method ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Thin Section Microscopy ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Organic Fluids

In situ preparation of cell cultures for ultrastructural investigations is a convenient method by which fixation, dehydration and embedment are carried out in the culture petri dish. The in situ method offers the advantage of preserving the native orientation of cell-cell interactions, junctional regions and overlapping configurations. In order to section after embedment, the petri dish is usually separated from the polymerized resin by either differential cryo-contraction or solvation in organic fluids. The remaining resin block must be re-embedded before sectioning. Although removal of the petri dish may not disrupt the native cellular geometry, it does sacrifice what is now recognized as an important characteristic of cell growth: cell-substratum molecular interactions. To preserve the topographic cell-substratum relationship, we developed a simple method of tapered rotary beveling to reduce the petri dish thickness to a dimension suitable for direct thin sectioning.

A Sensitive On-Grid Immunoelectron Microscopic Procedure for Diagnosis of Rotavirus Infection

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 506-507
Author(s):  
M. F. Miller ◽  
A. R. Rubenstein
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Aggregation Process ◽  
Microscopic Technique ◽  
Fecal Material ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Number Of Particles

Studies of rotavirus particles in humans, monkeys and various non-primates with acute gastroenteritis have involved detection of virus in fecal material by electron microscopy. The EM techniques most commonly employed have been the conventional negative staining (Fig. 1) and immune aggregation (Fig. 2) procedures. Both methods are somewhat insensitive and can most reliably be applied to samples containing large quantities of virus either naturaLly or as a result of concentration by ultracentrifugation. The formation of immune complexes by specific antibody in the immune aggregation procedures confirms the rotavirus diagnosis, but the number of particles per given microscope field is effectively reduced by the aggregation process. In the present communication, we describe use of an on-grid immunoelectron microscopic technique in which rotavirus particles are mounted onto microscope grids that were pre-coated with specific antibody. The technique is a modification of a method originalLy introduced by Derrick (1) for studies of plant viruses.

Fluorescence of BODIPY Dyes in Gas Phase at near Ambient Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kseniya A. Mariewskaya ◽  
Denis Larkin ◽  
Yuri Samoilichenko ◽  
Vladimir Korshun ◽  
Alex Ustinov
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Fluorescence Spectra ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Ideal Model ◽  
Molecular Fluorescence ◽  
Tesla Coil

Molecular fluorescence is a phenomenon that is usually observed in condensed phase. It is strongly affected by molecular interactions. The study of fluorescence spectra in the gas phase can provide a nearly-ideal model for the evaluation of intrinsic properties of the fluorophores. Unfortunately, most conventional fluorophores are not volatile enough to allow study of their fluorescence in the gas phase. Here we report very bright gas phase fluorescence of simple BODIPY dyes that can be readily observed at atmospheric pressure using conventional fluorescence instrumentation. To our knowledge, this is the first example of visible range gas phase fluorescence at near ambient conditions. Evaporation of the dye in vacuum allowed us to demonstrate organic molecular electroluminescence in gas discharge excited by electric field produced by a Tesla coil.

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