scholarly journals Effect of Open-Heart Surgery on the Body Composition of Infants and Young Children

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1024-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves W Brans ◽  
Harry S Dweck ◽  
Howard B Harris ◽  
Grant V S Parr ◽  
Penrhyn E Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Open Heart ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Spinal Anesthesia with an Indwelling Catheter Reduces the Stress Response in Pediatric Open Heart Surgery

2005 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 1113-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Humphreys ◽  
Simon M. Bays ◽  
Andrew J. Parry ◽  
Ashwinikumar Pawade ◽  
Robert S. Heyderman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Open Heart ◽  
Extreme Stress ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Background Extreme stress and inflammatory responses to open heart surgery are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Based on both animal and adult human data, it was hypothesized that spinal anesthesia would be more effective at attenuating these responses than conventional high dose intravenous opioid techniques in infants and young children undergoing open heart surgery. Methods A prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was performed in 60 children aged up to 24 months undergoing open heart surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either high-dose intravenous opioid or high-dose intravenous opioid plus spinal anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia was administered via an indwelling intrathecal catheter. Results Spinal anesthesia significantly reduced the stress responses as measured by plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine concentrations (both P < 0.05). Spinal anesthesia reduced plasma lactate concentrations (P < 0.05), but increased fluid requirements during the first postoperative day (P < 0.05). There were no differences in other cardiovascular parameters. Conclusions Continuous spinal anesthesia reduces stress responses in infants and young children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass more effectively than high-dose intravenous opioids alone.

Cerebral blood flow pattern and autoregtilation during open-heart surgery in infants and young children

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 771-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAN BUIJS ◽  
FRANK VAN BEL ◽  
ANNEMARIE NANDORFF ◽  
RUDI HARDJOWIJONO ◽  
THEO STIJNEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart ◽  
Blood Flow Pattern ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Open-heart Surgery for Repair of Congenital Defects

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-22
Keyword(s):  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Open Heart ◽  
General Reader ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Considerable Body

Anyone anxious to know more about developments in the rapidly-expanding field of surgical repair of congenital defects of the heart by open-heart techniques will find this paper instructive. The various types of apparatus which have been used to maintain the circulation and oxygenation of blood outside the body, leaving the heart free for surgical repair, are described. The physiologic changes during total-body perfusion and the means taken to insure homeostasis during the procedure are discussed. The author gives a brief description of his experience in the repair of congenital defects of the heart with the various techniques. A considerable body of interesting information is provided in a succinct and clear fashion for the general reader.

Effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on the coagulation system

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Henry Edmunds
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Open Heart ◽  
Vasoactive Substances

Cardiopulmonary bypass makes a mess of homeostasis. Extracorporeal perfusion produces pulseless flow without physiologic controls, showers microemboli throughout the body, and brings blood diluted with additives to an enzymatic boil. Much of the morbidity associated with open heart surgery is due to contact of blood with the synthetic surfaces of the extracorporeal perfusion circuit. Bypass temporarily impairs function of every organ, alters concentrations of over 25 vasoactive substances within the plasma, and causes massive retention of fluid. In short, cardiopulmonary bypass makes patients sick.

Clinical evaluation of the LeukoGuard (LG-6) arterial line filter for routine open-heart surgery

Perfusion ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A Palanzo ◽  
Norman J Manley ◽  
Ralph M Montesano ◽  
Geary L Yeisley ◽  
David Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Arterial Line ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Open Heart ◽  
Activated Neutrophils

Research has demonstrated that leucocyte depletion diminishes the deleterious effects that activated neutrophils have on the body following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). A clinical evaluation involving 36 patients (18 in each group) was conducted to compare the use of the Pall LG-6 (leucocyte-depleting) arterial line filter with the Pall EC PLUS filter for postoperative complications and lung function on routine open-heart cases. No differences were found between the groups for postoperative chest tube drainage, urine output, on bypass platelet drop, chest X-rays, blood usage and circulating elastase levels. Statistically significant differences were observed between immediately post-CPB pO 2 values and ventilator hours (EC PLUS = 13.3, LG-6 = 9.2). Many of the advantages of using leucocyte depletion that have been illustrated through experimental investigations were comparable to our clinical observations. We conclude that using the LG-6 leucocyte-depleting arterial line filter is a cost-effective method to reduce the complications known as 'postperfusion' syndrome.

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