scholarly journals BODY COMPOSITION AND FAT DISTRIBUTION USING DUAL-ENERGY X RAY ABSORTIOMETRY (DEXA) IN OBESE CHILDREN. COMPARISON WITH DEUTERIUM DILUTION (D20), ANTHROPOMETRY AND BIA

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. S80-S80 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Brambilla ◽  
P Manzoni ◽  
A Salvatoni ◽  
N Battistini ◽  
P Simone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Deuterium Dilution

Four-component model for the assessment of body composition in humans: comparison with alternative methods, and evaluation of the density and hydration of fat-free mass

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Fuller ◽  
S. A. Jebb ◽  
M. A. Laskey ◽  
W. A. Coward ◽  
M. Elia
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Component Model ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Four Component Model ◽  
Deuterium Dilution ◽  
Component Models

1. Body composition was assessed in 28 healthy subjects (body mass index 20–28 kg/m2) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, deuterium dilution, densitometry, 40K counting and four prediction methods (skinfold thickness, bioelectrical impedance, near-i.r. interactance and body mass index). Three- and four-component models of body composition were constructed from combinations of the reference methods. The results of all methods were compared. Precision was evaluated by analysis of propagation of errors. The density and hydration fraction of the fat-free mass were determined. 2. From the precision of the basic measurements, the propagation of errors for the estimation of fat (± sd) by the four-component model was found to be ± 0.54 kg, by the three-component model, ± 0.49 kg, by deuterium dilution, ± 0.62 kg, and by densitometry, ± 0.78 kg. Precision for the measurement of the density and hydration fraction of fat-free mass was ± 0.0020 kg/l and ± 0.0066, respectively. 3. The agreement between reference methods was generally better than between reference and alternative methods. Dual-energy X-ray absoptiometry predicted three- and four-component model body composition slightly less well than densitometry or deuterium dilution (both of which greatly influence these multi-component models). 4. The hydration fraction of fat-free mass was calculated to be 0.7382 ± 0.0213 (range 0.6941–0.7837) and the density of fat-free mass was 1.1015 ± 0.0073 kg/1 (range 1.0795–1.1110 kg/1), with no significant difference between men and women for either. 5. The results suggest that the three- and four-component models are not compromised by errors arising from individual techniques. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry would appear to be a suitable alternative method for the assessment of body composition in these healthy adults. The traditional mean value assumed for density of the fat-free mass in classic densitometry (1.1 kg/l) appears to be appropriate, and the mean hydration fraction was close to values which are generally applied to the fat-free mass (0.72–0.73). Despite concealing considerable inter-individual variation, these mean values may be applied to groups with characteristics similar to those in this study. Finally, with the notable exception of skinfold thickness, bedside prediction methods show poor agreement with both the three- and the four-component models.

scholarly journals Methods for nurses to measure body composition

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1033-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Maria Moran ◽  
Jesus Maria Lavado-Garcia ◽  
Juan Diego Pedrera-Zamorano
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Skin Fold

Among the methods available for assessing body composition, traditional methods like hydrodensitometry and skin-fold measurements are well known. In this review, we focus on the impedance and interactance methods, which use systems that are usually inexpensive, easily transportable and simple to operate. We also discuss the usefulness of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, particularly for the measurement of fat distribution. Nurses need to be skilled in the use of the equipment and familiar with the techniques.

Body composition measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry half-body scans in obese children

2011 ◽  
Vol 100 (12) ◽  
pp. e260-e266 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Breithaupt ◽  
RC Colley ◽  
KB Adamo
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
X Ray

Comparison of body composition methods in overweight and obese children

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 2039-2046 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Gately ◽  
D. Radley ◽  
C. B. Cooke ◽  
S. Carroll ◽  
B. Oldroyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Total Error ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
X Ray ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

The objective of the present study was to investigate the accuracy of percent body fat (%fat) estimates from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, air-displacement plethysmography (ADP), and total body water (TBW) against a criterion four-compartment (4C) model in overweight and obese children. A volunteer sample of 30 children (18 male and 12 female), age of (mean ± SD) 14.10 ± 1.83 yr, body mass index of 31.6 ± 5.5 kg/m, and %fat (4C model) of 41.2 ± 8.2%, was assessed. Body density measurements were converted to %fat estimates by using the general equation of Siri (ADPSiri) (Siri WE. Techniques for Measuring Body Composition. 1961) and the age- and gender-specific constants of Lohman (ADPLoh) (Lohman TG. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews. 1986). TBW measurements were converted to %fat estimates by assuming that water accounts for 73% of fat-free mass (TBW73) and by utilizing the age- and gender-specific water contents of Lohman (TBWLoh). All estimates of %fat were highly correlated with those of the 4C model ( r ≥ 0.95, P < 0.001; SE ≤ 2.14). For %fat, the total error and mean difference ± 95% limits of agreement compared with the 4C model were 2.50, 1.8 ± 3.5 (ADPSiri); 1.82, -0.04 ± 3.6 (ADPLoh); 2.86, -2.0 ± 4.1 (TBW73); 1.90, -0.3 ± 3.8 (TBWLoh); and 2.74, 1.9 ± 4.0 DXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), respectively. In conclusion, in overweight and obese children, ADPLoh and TBWLoh were the most accurate methods of measuring %fat compared with a 4C model. However, all methods under consideration produced similar limits of agreement.

scholarly journals Exercise Alone Reduces Insulin Resistance in Obese Children Independently of Changes in Body Composition

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 4230-4235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lana M. Bell ◽  
Katie Watts ◽  
Aris Siafarikas ◽  
Alisha Thompson ◽  
Nirubasini Ratnam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Exercise Training Program

Abstract Context: The number of obese children with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes is increasing, but the best management strategy is not clear. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a structured 8-wk exercise training program on insulin resistance and changes in body composition in obese children. Design: The study was 8 wk of structured supervised exercise intervention with outcome measures before and after the exercise period. Subjects: Fourteen obese children (12.70 ± 2.32 yr; eight male, six female) with high fasting insulin levels were enrolled into the study. Intervention: Intervention consisted of 8 wk of supervised circuit-based exercise training, composed of three fully supervised 1-h sessions per week. Outcome Measures: Outcome measures were assessed pretraining program and posttraining program and included insulin sensitivity (euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp studies), fasting insulin and glucose levels, body composition using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scan, lipid profile, and liver function tests. Results: Insulin sensitivity improved significantly after 8 wk of training (Mlbm 8.20 ± 3.44 to 10.03 ± 4.33 mg/kg·min, P &lt; 0.05). Submaximal exercise heart rate responses were significantly lower following the training (P &lt; 0.05), indicating an improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scans revealed no differences in lean body mass or abdominal fat mass. Conclusion: An 8-wk exercise training program increases insulin sensitivity in obese children, and this improvement occurred in the presence of increased cardiorespiratory fitness but is independent of measurable changes in body composition.

scholarly journals Concordance between Body Composition Indices Measured with Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Obese Children in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mawanane Hewa Aruna Devapriya de Silva ◽  
Ruwani Punyakanthi Hewawasam ◽  
Sarath Lekamwasam
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
X Ray

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the reference standard in the measurement of body composition indices. But, its utility is limited due to the high cost, expertise required, lack of portability, and restricted availability. Therefore, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has gained recognition in resource-limited settings for the measurement of body composition indices in the screening of children for childhood obesity. To determine whether BIA represents a viable alternative to DXA in the assessment of body composition in obese children in the community setting in Sri Lanka, the concordance between BIA and DXA was determined. Fat mass (FM), percentage fat mass (%FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) were measured in 97 obese children using DXA and BIA, and the concordance between the methods was analyzed using independent sample t -test, regression analysis, and Bland-Altman plots. Significant mean differences were observed between DXA and BIA in measuring FM and FFM. However, high correlations were seen in DXA- and BMI-derived FM and FFM measurements (FM r = 0.92 and FFM 0.83, P < 0.001 for both). Compared to DXA, BIA overestimated FM and %FM and underestimated FFM. When compared with DXA-derived measurements, the accuracy errors (SEE) of BIA for FM, FFM, and %FM were relatively higher in boys (3.56 kg, 4.49 kg, and 5.46%, respectively) than in girls (2.44 kg, 3.72 kg, and 3.5%), respectively. BA plots showed a systematic error in the measurements of FM, FFM, and %FM in both sexes. Despite the limitations inherited, BIA is a viable alternative to DXA for the measurement of body composition in obese children of 5-15 yrs. The accuracy errors observed, however, need to be taken into consideration when interpreting results at the individual level.

Neonatal anthropometrics and body composition in obese children investigated by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry

2013 ◽  
Vol 173 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrik Lausten-Thomsen ◽  
Tenna Ruest Haarmark Nielsen ◽  
Ida Näslund Thagaard ◽  
Torben Larsen ◽  
Jens-Christian Holm
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
X Ray
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