scholarly journals IN UTERO MAGNESIUM EXPOSURE: RISK OF DEATH AND OF INTRAVENTRICULAR HEMORRHAGE (IVH) IN VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (VLBW) INFANTS. • 1336

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 225-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Lemons ◽  
David Stevenson ◽  
Joel Verter ◽  
Charles Bauer ◽  
Lu-Ann Papile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Exposure Risk ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Risk Of Death

Predictors of Mortality Among Very Low Birth Weight Infants With Gastrointestinal Perforation

2020 ◽  
pp. 000313482095692
Author(s):  
Marina L. Reppucci ◽  
Eliza H. Hersh ◽  
Prerna Khetan ◽  
Brian A. Coakley
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Severe Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Portal Venous Gas ◽  
Elevated Lactate

Background Gastrointestinal (GI) perforation is a risk factor for mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Little data exist regarding pretreatment factors and patient characteristics known to independently correlate with risk of death. Materials and Methods A retrospective review of all VLBW infants who sustained GI perforation between 2011 and 2018 was conducted. Birth, laboratory, and disease-related factors of infants who died were compared to those who survived. Results 42 VLBW infants who sustained GI perforations were identified. Eleven (26.19%) died. There were no significant differences in birth-related factors, hematological lab levels at diagnosis, presence of pneumatosis, or bacteremia. Portal venous gas ( P = .03), severe metabolic acidosis ( P < .01), and elevated lactate at diagnosis ( P < .01) were statistically more likely to occur among infants who died. Discussion Portal venous gas, severe metabolic acidosis, and elevated lactate were associated with an increased risk of mortality among VLBW infants who develop a GI perforation. Further research is required to better identify risk factors.

Early Vital Sign Differences in Very Low Birth Weight Infants with Severe Intraventricular Hemorrhage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santina A. Zanelli ◽  
Maryam Abubakar ◽  
Robert Andris ◽  
Kavita Patwardhan ◽  
Karen D. Fairchild ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cranial Ultrasound ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Arterial Blood

Objective Severe intraventricular hemorrhage (sIVH, grades 3 and 4) is a serious complication for very low birth weight (VLBW) infants and is often clinically silent requiring screening cranial ultrasound (cUS) for detection. Abnormal vital sign (VS) patterns might serve as biomarkers to identify risk or occurrence of sIVH. Study Design This retrospective study was conducted in VLBW infants admitted to two level-IV neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) between January 2009 and December 2018. Inclusion criteria were: birth weight <1.5 kg and gestational age (GA) <32 weeks, at least 12 hours of systemic oxygen saturation from pulse oximetry (SpO2) data over the first 24 hours and cUS imaging. Infants were categorized as early sIVH (sIVH identified in the first 48 hours), late sIVH (sIVH identified after 48 hours and normal imaging in the first 48 hours), and no IVH. Infants with grades 1 and 2 or unknown timing IVH were excluded. Mean heart rate (HR), SpO2, mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), number of episodes of bradycardia (HR < 100 bpm), and desaturation (SpO2 < 80%) were compared. Results A total of 639 infants (mean: 27 weeks' gestation) were included (567 no IVH, 34 early sIVH, and 37 late sIVH). In the first 48 hours, those with sIVH had significantly higher HR compared with those with no IVH. Infants with sIVH also had lower mean SpO2 and MABP and more desaturations <80%. No significant differences in VS patterns were identified in early versus late sIVH. Logistic regression identified higher HR and greater number of desaturations <80% as independently associated with sIVH. Conclusion VLBW infants who develop sIVH demonstrate VS differences with significantly lower SpO2 and higher mean HR over the first 48 hours after birth compared with VLBW infants with no IVH. Abnormalities in early VS patterns may be a useful biomarker for sIVH. Whether VS abnormalities predict or simply reflect sIVH remains to be determined. Key Points

Intraventricular Hemorrhage in the Premature Neonate

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Owens
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infant ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Neonate ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Severe Hemorrhage ◽  
Common Variety

THE MOST COMMON VARIETY of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage is an intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH).1 Although much research has been conducted concerning the etiology and prevention of IVH in the preterm infant, the problem continues to plague very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (<1,500 grams) in particular. The risk of IVH correlates inversely with gestational age. The incidence of hemorrhage in the infant <28 weeks gestation is three times that of infants 28–31 weeks gestational age. The incidence of severe hemorrhage in infants <28 weeks gestational age is twice that of infants 28–31 weeks gestational age.2

Reduced Formula Intake with Donor Milk (DM) Impacts Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) in Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) Infants:

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 137 (Supplement 3) ◽  
pp. 443A-443A
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Wicks ◽  
Anita L. Esquerra-Zwiers ◽  
Laura M. Rogers ◽  
Celina M. Scala ◽  
Shirley Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Donor Milk ◽  
Vlbw Infants

scholarly journals Sex-Specific Long-Term Trends in Length of Hospital Stay, Postmenstrual Age at Discharge, and Survival in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Neonatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Matthias Fröhlich ◽  
Tatjana Tissen-Diabaté ◽  
Christoph Bührer ◽  
Stephanie Roll
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Over Time

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> In very low birth weight (&#x3c;1,500 g, VLBW) infants, morbidity and mortality have decreased substantially during the past decades, and both are known to be lower in girls than in boys. In this study, we assessed sex-specific changes over time in length of hospital stay (LOHS) and postmenstrual age at discharge (PAD), in addition to survival in VLBW infants. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a single-center retrospective cohort analysis based on quality assurance data of VLBW infants born from 1978 to 2018. Estimation of sex-specific LOHS over time was based on infants discharged home from neonatal care or deceased. Estimation of sex-specific PAD over time was based on infants discharged home exclusively. Analysis of in-hospital survival was performed for all VLBW infants. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In 4,336 of 4,499 VLBW infants admitted from 1978 to 2018 with complete data (96.4%), survival rates improved between 1978–1982 and 1993–1997 (70.8 vs. 88.3%; hazard ratio (HR) 0.20, 95% confidence interval 0.14, 0.30) and remained stable thereafter. Boys had consistently higher mortality rates than girls (15 vs. 12%, HR 1.23 [1.05, 1.45]). Nonsurviving boys died later compared to nonsurviving girls (adjusted mean survival time 23.0 [18.0, 27.9] vs. 20.7 [15.0, 26.3] days). LOHS and PAD assessed in 3,166 survivors displayed a continuous decrease over time (1978–1982 vs. 2013–2018: LOHS days 82.9 [79.3, 86.5] vs. 60.3 [58.4, 62.1] days); PAD 40.4 (39.9, 40.9) vs. 37.4 [37.1, 37.6] weeks). Girls had shorter LOHS than boys (69.4 [68.0, 70.8] vs. 73.0 [71.6, 74.4] days) and were discharged with lower PAD (38.6 [38.4, 38.8] vs. 39.2 [39.0, 39.4] weeks). <b><i>Discussion/Conclusions:</i></b> LOHS and PAD decreased over the last 40 years, while survival rates improved. Male sex was associated with longer LOHS, higher PAD, and higher mortality rates.

A Single-Center Experience with Very Low Birth Weight Infants and Focal Intestinal Perforation: Comparison of Primary Anastomosis versus Stoma Opening

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 426-432
Author(s):  
Dario Consonni ◽  
Francesco Macchini ◽  
Giovanni Parente ◽  
Andrea Zanini ◽  
Stefania Franzini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Intestinal Perforation ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Primary Anastomosis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Focal Intestinal Perforation

Introduction We present a single-center experience with very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with focal intestinal perforation (FIP), comparing the results of primary anastomosis (PA) and stoma opening (SO). Materials and Methods Clinical records of VLBW infants with FIP who underwent surgery between 2006 and 2015 were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups according to the procedure performed: limited bowel resection and PA or SO. Patients with gastric perforation or patients who underwent clip and drop were excluded. Information regarding birth weight (BW), gestational age (GA), weight at surgery (WS), number of abdominal reoperations, duration of parenteral nutrition (PN), and demise was recorded. Results In this study, 40 patients were included: 22 in PA group and 18 in SO group. BW was 865 g in PA and 778 in SO (p-value: 0.2). GA was 26.1 weeks in PA and 25.6 in SO (p-value: 0.3). WS was 1,014 g in PA and 842 in SO (p-value: 0.09). Duration of surgery was 115 minutes in PA and 122 in SO (p-value: 0.67). Five patients (23%) belonging to PA group developed complications and required SO. Five patients (23%) demised in PA group and six (33%) in SO (p-value: 0.2). Seventeen abdominal reoperations were performed in PA group and 22 in SO group (p-value: 0.08). Conclusion Both procedures appear to be safe. When possible, PA should be performed as it reduces the number of abdominal reinterventions.

scholarly journals School-Age Outcomes of Very Low Birth Weight Infants in the Indomethacin Intraventricular Hemorrhage Prevention Trial

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. e340-e346 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Vohr ◽  
W. C. Allan ◽  
M. Westerveld ◽  
K. C. Schneider ◽  
K. H. Katz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Prevention Trial ◽  
School Age ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants
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