Box-Behnken experimental design in the development of a nasal drug delivery system of model drug hydroxyurea: Characterization of viscosity, in vitro drug release, droplet size, and dynamic surface tension

The current project is mainly focussed on the application of liquisolid (LS) technique in the enhancement of dissolution profile of flurbiprofen. Flurbiprofen is a NSAID indicated for acute and chronic osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and spondylitis. It is selected as model drug as it is a BCS Class II drug and has very poor aqueous solubility of 10.45 ± 3.2μg/ml. Hence, this study was designed to improve the dissolution rate of flurbiprofen using LS technique. Initially, saturation solubility studies were performed to select liquid vehicle showing higher solubility of drug to obtain liquid medication. PEG 600 was selected as non-volatile solvent, used at three different drug concentrations of 33.33, 40 and 50 % w/w to form LS formulations. Further, they were converted to powder by means of Avicel PH 102 and Aerosil 200 as carrier and coating materials to prepare LS formulations. Rheological tests were performed for the LS powder systems to study the flow properties. Later, several LS formulations were prepared, encapsulated in hard gelatin capsules. These capsules containing LS systems were subjected to evaluation tests and in vitro drug release studies. The results of dissolution profile of formulation CF3 showed maximum release of 98% within 30 minutes which was two folds higher than that of conventional capsule. FTIR studies revealed no drug-excipient interaction. DSC, SEM and PXRD studies revealed that drug in the system was completely soluble and available in molecularly dispersed state. Finally, it can be concluded that LS technique proved to enhance the dissolution profile of Flurbiprofen.

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PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SELF NANO EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM CONTAINING ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE DRUG’’

Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.32553/jbpr.v9i4.777 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Anukumar E ◽

Nagaraja T S ◽

Yogananda R ◽

Bharathi D R

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Delivery System ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Stability Studies ◽

In Vitro Drug Release ◽

Hypertensive Drug

The present work is to prepare and characterization of self nano emulsifying drug delivery system containing Anti-hypertensive drug. Losartan is a competitive antagonist and inverse agonist of angiotensin 2 receptor. The SNEDDS is prepared by Sonication method using a components of SPAN 60/Eudragit RS 100 as a surfactant, PVA as a Co-surfactant, Iso propyl alcohol as a solvent and DCM as a co-solvent. The prepared SNEDDS was evaluated for Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Surface morphology, particle size, zeta potential, drug entrapment efficiency, visual assessment, self-emulsification time, Robustness to dilution, in-vitro drug release and short term stability studies. The in-vitro drug release data of all the formulations were found to be zero order over a period of 24 h and Formulation F7 shows good results for the drug release kinetics as controlled release. The stability studies data was found that there was no such difference in drug EE and in-vitro drug release.

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Inhibition of surfactant activity byPneumocystis cariniiorganisms and components in vitro

AJP Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajplung.00453.2004 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 288 (6) ◽

pp. L1124-L1131 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Zhengdong Wang ◽

Adam Foye ◽

Yusuo Chang ◽

Patricia R. Chess ◽

Terry W. Wright ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Surface Activity ◽

Total Phospholipid ◽

Lung Surfactant ◽

Pneumocystis Carinii ◽

Protein A ◽

Dynamic Surface Tension ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Dynamic Surface

This study examines the direct inhibitory effects of Pneumocystis carinii ( Pc) organisms and chemical components on the surface activity and composition of whole calf lung surfactant (WLS) and calf lung surfactant extract (CLSE) in vitro. Incubation of WLS suspensions with intact Pc organisms (107per milligram of surfactant phospholipid) did not significantly alter total phospholipid levels or surfactant protein A content. Incubation with intact Pc organisms also did not impair dynamic surface tension lowering in suspensions of WLS or centrifuged large surfactant aggregates on a bubble surfactometer (37°C, 20 cycles/min, 0.5 and 2.5 mg phospholipid/ml). However, exposure of WLS or CLSE to disrupted (sonicated) Pc organisms led to severe detriments in activity, with minimum surface tensions of 17–19 mN/m vs. <1 mN/m for surfactants alone. Extracted hydrophobic chemical components from Pc (98.8% lipids, 0.1 mM) reduced the surface activity of WLS and CLSE similarly to sonicated Pc organisms, whereas extracted hydrophilic chemical components from Pc (primarily proteins) had only minor effects on surface tension lowering. These results indicate that in addition to surfactant dysfunction induced by inflammatory lung injury and edema-derived inhibitors in Pc pneumonia, disrupted Pc organisms in the alveolar lumen also have the potential to directly inhibit endogenous and exogenous lung surfactants in affected patients.

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Microscale distribution and dynamic surface tension of pulmonary surfactant normalize the recruitment of asymmetric bifurcating airways

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00543.2016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 122 (5) ◽

pp. 1167-1178 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Eiichiro Yamaguchi ◽

Liam P. Nolan ◽

Donald P. Gaver

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Lung Injury ◽

Pulmonary Surfactant ◽

Dynamic Surface Tension ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Dynamic Surface ◽

Ventilator Induced Lung Injury ◽

Large Influence ◽

The Impact

We investigate the influence of bifurcation geometry, asymmetry of daughter airways, surfactant distribution, and physicochemical properties on the uniformity of airway recruitment of asymmetric bifurcating airways. To do so, we developed microfluidic idealized in vitro models of bifurcating airways, through which we can independently evaluate the impact of carina location and daughter airway width and length. We explore the uniformity of recruitment and its relationship to the dynamic surface tension of the lining fluid and relate this behavior to the hydraulic (PHyd) and capillary (PCap) pressure drops. These studies demonstrate the extraordinary importance of PCap in stabilizing reopening, even in highly asymmetric systems. The dynamic surface tension of pulmonary surfactant is integral to this stability because it modulates PCap in a velocity-dependent manner. Furthermore, the surfactant distribution at the propagating interface can have a very large influence on recruitment stability by focusing surfactant preferentially to specific daughter airways. This implies that modification of the surfactant distribution through novel modes of ventilation could be useful in inducing uniformly recruited lungs, aiding in gas exchange, and reducing ventilator-induced lung injury. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The dynamic surface tension of pulmonary surfactant is integral to the uniformity of asymmetric bifurcation airway recruitments because it modulates capillary pressure drop in a velocity-dependent manner. Also, the surfactant distribution at the propagating interface can have a very large influence on recruitment stability by focusing surfactant preferentially to specific daughter airways. This implies that modification of the surfactant distribution through novel modes of ventilation could be useful in inducing uniformly recruited lungs, reducing ventilator-induced lung injury.

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Synthesis and Drug Release from a PH/Temperature Sensitive Bead of Poly(N-Acryloylglycinate) and Alginate

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.1227 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 117-119 ◽

pp. 1227-1230

Author(s):

Kui Lin Deng ◽

Ting Gao ◽

Yu Bo Gou ◽

Wei Wang ◽

Peng Fei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Temperature Sensitive ◽

Polymer Content ◽

In Vitro Drug Release ◽

Buffer Solutions ◽

Drug Delivery Carrier ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Model Drug

In this paper, a new pH/temperature sensitive beads with core-shelled structure, composed of sodium alginate and poly(N-acryloylglycinate), were prepared using as drug delivery carrier. Selecting indomethacin as a model drug, in vitro drug release behaviors were investigated at different temperatures, phosphate buffer solutions (PBS) and polymer content. At pH=2.1, the release amount of indomethacin loaded in the beads was only 2.46% while this value approached to 95.23% in pH=7.4 PBS. In addition, the release rate of indomethacin at 37°C is much higher than at 18°C.

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