scholarly journals Acromegaly Has a Negative Influence on Trabecular Bone, But Not on Cortical Bone, as Assessed by High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 1734-1741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Madeira ◽  
Leonardo Vieira Neto ◽  
Francisco de Paula Paranhos Neto ◽  
Inayá Corrêa Barbosa Lima ◽  
Laura Maria Carvalho de Mendonça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Negative Influence

Heterogeneity of Cortical Breaks in Hand Joints of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Healthy Controls Imaged by High-resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1914-1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Scharmga ◽  
Michiel Peters ◽  
Astrid van Tubergen ◽  
Joop van den Bergh ◽  
Cheryl Barnabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Poor Prognostic Factor ◽  
Bone Erosions ◽  
Bone Changes

Objective.Conventional radiographs (CR) of the hands are the gold standard for imaging bone erosions. The presence of bone erosions, reflected by the presence of cortical breaks, is a poor prognostic factor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The availability of high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) enables detailed investigation of cortical breaks in rheumatic diseases. The aim of this image review is to show HR-pQCT images of the spectrum of cortical breaks with and without underlying trabecular bone changes in metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of healthy controls (HC) and patients with RA, with corresponding images on CR and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods.Second and third MCP joints of 41 patients (of which 10 were early RA with ≤ 2 years and 24 longstanding RA with ≥ 10 years of disease duration) and 38 HC were imaged by CR, MRI, and HR-pQCT (XtremeCT1, Scanco Medical AG). Representative images of the spectrum of cortical breaks were selected.Results.Cortical breaks were found in early and longstanding RA, but also in HC. They were heterogeneous in size, location, and number per joint, with a variety of surrounding cortical and underlying trabecular bone characteristics.Conclusion.Using HR-pQCT images of MCP joints, heterogeneous cortical breaks with and without surrounding trabecular bone changes were found, not only in RA but also in HC. The underlying mechanisms and significance of this spectrum of cortical breaks as found with high 3-D resolution needs further investigation.

scholarly journals Bone health in long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children and ado-lecents. An assessment by peripheral quantitative computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Barr ◽  
Dean Inglis ◽  
Uma Athale ◽  
Maciej Jaworski ◽  
Troy Farncombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Long Term Survivors

Background – Loss of bone mineral is a common concomitant of the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) due mainly to chemotherapy, especially with corticosteroids. Osteopenia/osteoporosis may persist long into survivorship. Measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry is limited to two-dimensionality and cannot distinguish trabecular from cortical bone. Methods – A sample of 74 subjects, more than 10 years from diagnosis, underwent peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) at metaphyseal (trabecular bone) and diaphyseal (cortical bone) sites in the radius and tibia. pQCT provides three-dimensional assessment of bone geometry, density and architecture. Results – Similarities of average values in multiple metrics with those in healthy subjects obscured deficits in both trabecular and cortical bone, as well as bone strength, revealed by Z scores using an ethnically comparable sample of healthy individuals. Connectivity, a measure of bone architecture and a surrogate measure of bone strength, was lower in females than males. Survivors of standard risk ALL had greater connectivity in and more compact trabecular bone than high risk survivors who had received more intensive osteotoxic chemotherapy. There were no statistically significant differences in any of the metrics at any of the sites between subjects who had or had not a history of fracture, cranial irradiation or use of a bisphosphonate. Conclusions – These long-term survivors of ALL have somehat compromised bone health, but data in comparable healthy populations are limited. Longitudinal studies in larger and more ethnically diverse cohorts will provide greater insight into bone health in this vulnerable population.

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