scholarly journals HbA1c Is Not Potent Glucose Control Assessment Tool in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Treated With Insulin

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A470-A470
Author(s):  
Tzvetelina Totomirova ◽  
Mila Arnaudova
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Blood Glucose Measurement ◽  
Glucose Measurement ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Premixed Insulin ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Abstract Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is used for defining of glucose control in diabetic patients nevertheless its insufficiency to present overall control in some specific cases. Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) is usually used for adjustment of insulin doses but the derived data are helpful for exact glucose control. We assess the potency of HbAc for defining of real glucose control in subgroup of type 2 diabetes patients treated with different insulin regimens. We studied 54 diabetic patients (33 men, 21 women; age 60.23±5.99 years, disease duration 12.64±5.02 years) - 33 with type 2 diabetes on pre-mixed insulin, 21 with type 2 on multiple insulin injection (MII). Patients performed multiple daily blood glucose measurements of fasting and prandial blood glucose for three months period. HbA1c was measured and CGM by using iProTM for seven days was performed at the end of this period. In pre-mixed insulin treated group and in intensified regimen group, moderate positive correlation was found between HbA1c and mean blood glucose derived from CGM (7.64±1.40% and 7.69±1.23%, respectively 7.64±1.48mmol/l and 7.60±1.30mmol/l), with r1=0.642 (p<0.01) and r2=0.570 (p<0.05). Even lower was correlation between HbA1c and time-in-range (r1=0.431 and r2 =0.401). There were no correlations between HbA1c and percentage of time spent below the target and number of hypoglycemic episodes in each group. Same trend of correlations was found comparing HbA1c and mean BG level in eight-point profile. Based on HbA1c assessment 36.36% of patients on premixed insulin, 19.05% of type 2 patients on MII were with good control. After estimation of results from SMBG these percentage were respectively 28.14% and 12.11%. CGM defined 27.27% of patients on premixed insulin, 13.80% of type 2 patients on MII as well controlled. We conclude that in insulin treated type 2 patients HbA1c gives relative information about overall control with no precise presenting of glucose fluctuations and out-of-range values of blood glucose with no information about hypoglycemic episodes. Nevertheless, short observed period CGM data could give much information that is comparable to three months blood glucose measurement and could replace the use of HbA1c for assessment of overall control. Reference: (1) Chehregosha H, et al. Diabetes Ther. 2019; 10, 853–863 (2) Beyond A1c Writing Group. Diab Care. 2018; 41: e92-e94 (3) Hirsch I et al. Diabetes Tech Ther 2017, 19 (3): S38-S48

scholarly journals Blood Glucose Control Strategy for Type 2 Diabetes Patients With COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Futatsugi ◽  
Masato Iwabu ◽  
Miki Okada-Iwabu ◽  
Koh Okamoto ◽  
Yosuke Amano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Diabetes Patients

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTANTS ON BLOOD GLUCOSE CONTROL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W18 ◽  
pp. 349-353
Author(s):  
A. Esmaeilzadeh ◽  
M. R. Delavar ◽  
E. Nasli-Esfahani
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Abstract. Smart care is one of the elements of smart city, which has attracted the attention of many scholars to identify threats to the community's health. Air pollution has a significant contribution to diseases development such as type 2 diabetes, which is a major component of the global disease burden. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of exposure to air pollutants such as NO2, PM2.5, and PM10 during 2016 on blood glucose control in Type 2 diabetic patients living in Tehran, capital of Iran. In this study, 124 diabetic patients of type 2 and partial correlation, odds ratio, and one-way Analysis of Variance have been considered to determine the effect of pollutants on the control of blood glucose in the patients. The results of this study verified that a significant positive correlation exists between NO2 and blood glucose in women (r = 0.43; p-value < 0.001). There was also a relatively low but significant correlation in the female group between PM2.5 and blood glucose have been identified (r = 0.27; p-value = 0.033). No significant correlation was found between pollutant PM10 and blood glucose in the patients. It is noteworthy that no correlation was found in the men's group for any of the pollutants.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Exercise Platform for Type-2 Diabetic Mellitus

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 1820
Author(s):  
Je-Hoon Lee ◽  
Jai-Chang Park ◽  
Seong-Beom Kim
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Therapeutic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Regimen ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Exercise enables continuous glycemic control for diabetic patients, and it is effective in preventing diabetic complications and maintaining emotional stability. However, it is difficult for diabetic patients to know the appropriate intensity and duration of exercise. Excessive exercise causes sudden hypoglycemia, and patients avoid therapeutic exercise or perform it conservatively owing to the repeated hypoglycemia symptoms. In this paper, we propose a new therapeutic exercise platform that supports type 2 diabetes patients to exercise regularly according to the exercise prescription received from the hospital. The proposed platform includes the following three significant contributions. First, we develop a hardware platform that automatically tracks and records all aerobic exercise performed by a patient indoors or outdoors using a wearable band and aerobic exercise equipment. Second, we devise a patient-specific exercise stress test to know whether the patient is exercising according to his or her usual exercise regimen. Finally, we develop a mobile application that informs patients in real-time whether they are exercising appropriately for their exercise regimen each time they exercise. For platform evaluation and future improvement, we received satisfaction ratings and functional improvements through a questionnaire survey on 10 type 2 diabetes patients and 10 persons without a diabetes diagnosis who had used the proposed platform for more than 3 months. Most users were (1) satisfied with automatic exercise recording, and (2) exercise time increased. Diabetics reported that their fasting blood glucose was dropped, and they were more motivated to exercise. These results prove that exercise must be combined with medication for blood glucose management in chronic diabetic patients. The proposed platform can be helpful for patients to continue their daily exercise according to their exercise prescription.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF EXERCISE ON INSULIN RESISTANCE IN OBESE TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetes Patients

ABSTRACT Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), also known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), accounts for more than 90% of the total number of diabetes mellitus cases and often occurs in middle-aged and elderly people. Objective: To investigate the effect of exercise intervention on insulin resistance in obese type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: Eighty-six obese diabetic patients were screened as experimental subjects in physical examinations and randomly divided into observation and control groups. Visceral fat volume, fasting blood glucose, and fasting insulin of all subjects were measured before and after completion of the 6-month experimental implementation. The insulin resistance was calculated for both groups and the values for each indicator were compared statistically between groups. Results: Control of body weight, body mass index, blood glucose, blood lipids and insulin resistance index were better in the observation group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Basal intervention with quantitative exercise can significantly improve insulin resistance in obese type 2 diabetes patients and the effect is better than treatment with diet and conventional exercise. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and glycemic indexes in type 2 diabetes patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Elainy Peixoto Mariano STUDART ◽  
Soraia Pinheiro Machado ARRUDA ◽  
Helena Alves de Carvalho SAMPAIO ◽  
Tatiana Uchôa PASSOS ◽  
Antonio Augusto Ferreira CARIOCA
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fast Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Diabetes Patients

ABSTRACT Objective To identify the main dietary patterns in type 2 diabetes patients and study their association with glycemic indexes. Methods This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a diabetes treatment reference institution located in the city of Fortaleza (CE). Two R24h were applied, as well as 12h fast blood glucose tests and anthropometric assessments in 188 diabetic patients. The principal components factor analysis method was applied together with a Varimax orthogonal rotation method to identify dietary patterns. The Poisson Regression and the Spearman coefficient were used to test the association with glycemic indexes. Results A hundred eighty eight diabetic patients were evaluated, of which 51.1% patients had decompensated glucose values. Five main dietary patterns were identified: traditional Brazilian, energy-dense, infusion and wholegrain cereal, sandwich and dairy, and healthy diets, which explained 37.2% of the total variance in intake. A negative correlation with glucose was found for the traditional Brazilian diet (p=0.018; r=-0.173). Conclusion Out of the five identified dietary patterns consumed by the type 2 diabetes patients studied, a higher adherence to the traditional Brazilian dietary patterns resulted in lower blood glucose levels.

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