scholarly journals Temporal changes in the likelihood of dementia and MCI over 18 years in a population sample

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. e292-e298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar B. Rajan ◽  
Jennifer Weuve ◽  
Robert S. Wilson ◽  
Lisa L. Barnes ◽  
Elizabeth A. McAninch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Logit Regression Model ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Nonsignificant Decrease

ObjectiveTo examine the temporal changes in the likelihood of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) between 1993 and 2012 using a short battery of cognitive tests.MethodsA cohort of 10,342 participants underwent a short battery of cognitive tests collected during triennial in-home interviews with 2,794 of those evaluated for the clinical diagnosis of dementia and MCI. We used a generalized logit regression model to estimate the likelihood of dementia and MCI, and a quasibinomial regression model to examine the temporal changes in those likelihood scores.ResultsA short battery of cognitive tests—delayed story recall test, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, and the Mini-Mental State Examination—were associated with the clinical diagnosis of dementia and MCI. The classification accuracy of likelihood scores was 0.92 for dementia and 0.85 for MCI. After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and education, the likelihood of dementia in the population decreased from 21.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 20.9%–22.3%) to 18.9% (95% CI 18.1%–19.7%) between 1993–1996 and 2000–2002 and showed no significant decline between 2000–2002 and 2009–2012 (−0.2%, 95% CI −1.1% to 0.7%). The estimated likelihood of MCI remained similar between 1993–1996 and 2009–2012 (29.0%, 95% CI 27.9%–30.1%), but showed a nonsignificant decrease in 2000–2002.ConclusionThe likelihood scores based on a short battery of cognitive tests can serve as a measure of dementia and MCI in epidemiologic studies. The decline in the likelihood of dementia and MCI over earlier years was not sustained in later years.

The mini-mental state examination score and the clinical diagnosis of dementia

1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1061-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.A. Kukull ◽  
E.B. Larson ◽  
L. Teri ◽  
J. Bowen ◽  
W. McCormick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Examination Score ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
State Examination

Validation of the Seven Minute Screen and Syndrom Kurztest among elderly Norwegian outpatients

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvid Skjerve ◽  
Inger Hilde Nordhus ◽  
Knut Engedal ◽  
Anne Brækhus ◽  
Harald A. Nygaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Consensus Diagnosis ◽  
State Examination

ABSTRACTBackground: Brief cognitive tests represent a first step in the assessment of elderly people referred to outpatient clinics because of cognitive impairment. The aim of this study is to determine sensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratio for a positive result (LR+) for the brief cognitive tests Seven Minute Screen (7MS) and Syndrom Kurztest (SKT) in an outpatient sample of elderly patients with no dementia or mild dementia.Methods: Ninety-five patients aged 65 years or more from 10 Norwegian geriatric and psychogeriatric outpatient clinics were included in the study. All the subjects had a Mini-mental State Examination score of 22–30. A consensus diagnosis of dementia according to ICD-10 was established by an expert panel that considered data from a standardized assessment protocol blinded for 7MS and SKT results.Results: Subjects were diagnosed with mild dementia (n = 69) or no dementia (n = 26). Sensitivity for 7MS was 71%, specificity 73% and LR+ was 2.6. Sensitivity for SKT was 65%, specificity 65% and LR+ was 1.9.Conclusion: Sensitivity, specificity and LR+ for 7MS and SKT were unacceptably low in this outpatient sample.

scholarly journals Combined instruments for the screening of dementia in older people with low Education

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (2a) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cássio M.C. Bottino ◽  
Sonia E. Zevallos-Bustamante ◽  
Marcos A. Lopes ◽  
Dionisio Azevedo ◽  
Sérgio R. Hototian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Weighted Sum ◽  
Dementia Screening ◽  
Moderate Dementia ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Roc Area ◽  
Low Educated ◽  
State Examination

OBJECTIVE: To determine which combination of cognitive tests and informant reports can improve the diagnostic accuracy of dementia screening in low educated older people. METHOD: Patients with mild to moderate dementia (n=34) according to ICD-10 and DSM-III-R criteria and 59 older controls were assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Fuld Object Memory Evaluation (FOME). Informants were assessed using the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly and the Bayer-Activities of Daily Living Scale. RESULTS: The 4 instruments combined with the mixed rule correctly classified 100% and the logistic regression (weighted sum) classified 95.7% of subjects. The weighted sum had a significantly larger ROC area compared to MMSE (p=0.008) and FOME (p=0.023). The specificity of the tested combinations was superior to the MMSE alone (p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive tests combined with informant reports can improve the screening of mild to moderate dementia in low educated older people.

640 Consensus criteria for the clinical diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. S159
Author(s):  
I.G. McKeith ◽  
R.H. Perry ◽  
E.K. Perry ◽  
P.G. Ince
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia

scholarly journals Cognitive Abilities Screening: Instrument-Short Form, Mini-Mental State Examination and Functional Activities Questionnaire in the illiterate elderly

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Pravatta Rezende ◽  
Juliana Cecato ◽  
José Eduardo Martinelli
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Screening Instrument ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
State Examination

ABSTRACT Dementia prevalence is increasing in developing countries due to population aging. Brief tests for assessing cognition and activities of daily living are very useful for the diagnosis of dementia by the clinician. Low education, particularly illiteracy, is a hindrance to the diagnosis of dementia in several regions of the world. Objectives: To compare the Brazilian version of the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument-Short Form (CASI-S) with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire (PFAQ) for the diagnosis of dementia in illiterate elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional study with illiterate elderly of both genders seen at the outpatient clinics of the Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics Jundiaí, São Paulo state was performed. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to correlate CASI-S, MMSE and PFAQ scores. Results: The sample comprised 29 elderly over 57 years old whose mean scores on the CASI-S (scores ranging from 3 to 23) and the MMSE (scores ranging from 2 to 23) were 11.69 and 12.83, respectively. There was a strong significant correlation between the CASI-S and MMSE (r=0.75, p<0.001) and a moderate correlation coefficient that was significant and negative between the PFAQ and CASI-S (r= -0.53 p=0.003),similar to that between the MMSE and PFAQ (r= -0.41 p=0.025). Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the CASI-S demonstrates ease of application and correction in the illiterate elderly, and warrants further studies regarding its applicability for the diagnosis of dementia in populations with a heterogeneous educational background.

The impact of MRI combined with visual rating scales on the clinical diagnosis of dementia: a prospective study

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1716-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martijn V. Verhagen ◽  
Gerard L. Guit ◽  
Gerrit Jan Hafkamp ◽  
Kees Kalisvaart
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Visual Rating ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Impact

Apolipoprotein E, Cognitive Function, and Dementia in a General Population Aged 85 Years and Over

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kati Juva ◽  
Auli Verkkoniemi ◽  
Petteri Viramo ◽  
Tuomo Polvikoski ◽  
Katariina Kainulainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Apo E ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Ε4 Allele ◽  
Very Old Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Apo E Genotype ◽  
State Examination

We examined 510 subjects representing 83.2% of all citizens of a Finnish city aged 85 years or over. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, diagnosis of dementia by DSM-III-R criteria, and Apo-E genotype were determined. The prevalence of dementia was 38.6%. The odds ratio (OR) of the Apo-E ε4 carriers (with the reference population of people with the genotype ε3/ε3) for dementia was 2.36 (95% CI 1.58–3.58). There was a significant sex difference: The OR in women was 3.23 (95% CI 2.02–5.17) whereas among men it was insignificant. The mean MMSE score (± SD) among the Apo-E ε4 carriers (15.0 ± 10.0) and noncarriers (18.7 ± 8.6) (p < .001) differed among the whole population, but not within the demented or nondemented subjects analyzed separately. This study does not support the hypothesis that the Apo-E ε4 allele impairs cognitive functions of nondemented elderly, at least in those surviving to very old age.

The Validity of Some Cognitive Tests in the Diagnosis of Dementia

1970 ◽  
Vol 117 (537) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Irving ◽  
R. A. Robinson ◽  
W. McAdam
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia

This report describes an attempt to assess the validity of a number of cognitive tests in distinguishing between brain-damaged and non brain-damaged psychiatric patients over the age of 65 years.

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