scholarly journals Rethinking the thinking cap: Ethics of neural enhancement using noninvasive brain stimulation

Neurology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hamilton ◽  
S. Messing ◽  
A. Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation

scholarly journals Noninvasive brain stimulation combined with exercise in chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-412
Author(s):  
Alejandra Cardenas-Rojas ◽  
Kevin Pacheco-Barrios ◽  
Stefano Giannoni-Luza ◽  
Oscar Rivera-Torrejon ◽  
Felipe Fregni
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation

Noninvasive brain stimulation for patients with a disorder of consciousness: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 905-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Feng ◽  
Jiaqi Zhang ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Zhongfei Bai ◽  
Ying Yin
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Minimally Conscious State ◽  
Conscious State ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation ◽  
Disorder Of Consciousness ◽  
Left Dlpfc ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Minimally Conscious

AbstractNoninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques have been used to facilitate the recovery from prolonged unconsciousness as a result of brain injury. The aim of this study is to systematically assess the effects of NIBS in patients with a disorder of consciousness (DOC). We searched four databases for any randomized controlled trials on the effect of NIBS in patients with a DOC, which used the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) as the primary outcome measure. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool effect sizes. Fourteen studies with 273 participants were included in this review, of which 12 studies with sufficient data were included in the meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis showed a significant effect on increasing CRS-R scores in favor of real stimulation as compared to sham (Hedges’ g = 0.522; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.318–0.726; P < 0.0001, I2 = 0.00%). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that only anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) significantly enhances the CRS-R scores in patients with a DOC, as compared to sham (Hedges’ g = 0.703; 95% CI, 0.419–0.986; P < 0.001), and this effect was predominant in patients in a minimally conscious state (MCS) (Hedges’ g = 0.815; 95% CI, 0.429–1.200; P < 0.001). Anodal tDCS of the left DLPFC appears to be an effective approach for patients with MCS.

scholarly journals The effect of noninvasive brain stimulation on neural connectivity in Tinnitus: A randomized trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 1201-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren T. Roland ◽  
Jonathan E. Peelle ◽  
Dorina Kallogjeri ◽  
Joyce Nicklaus ◽  
Jay F. Piccirillo
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Neural Connectivity ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation

Noninvasive Brain Stimulation and Neuroimaging

2012 ◽  
pp. 307-331
Author(s):  
Jacinta O'Shea ◽  
Gregor Thut ◽  
Sven Bestmann
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation

scholarly journals Endogenous and exogenous electric fields as modifiers of brain activity: rational design of noninvasive brain stimulation with transcranial alternating current stimulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation

Synchronized neuronal activity in the cortex generates weak electric fields that are routinely measured in humans and animal models by electroencephalography and local field potential recordings. Traditionally, these endogenous electric fields have been considered to be an epiphenomenon of brain activity. Recent work has demonstrated that active cortical networks are surprisingly susceptible to weak perturbations of the membrane voltage of a large number of neurons by electric fields. Simultaneously, noninvasive brain stimulation with weak, exogenous electric fields (transcranial current stimulation, TCS) has undergone a renaissance due to the broad scope of its possible applications in modulating brain activity for cognitive enhancement and treatment of brain disorders. This review aims to interface the recent developments in the study of both endogenous and exogenous electric fields, with a particular focus on rhythmic stimulation for the modulation of cortical oscillations. The main goal is to provide a starting point for the use of rational design for the development of novel mechanism-based TCS therapeutics based on transcranial alternating current stimulation, for the treatment of psychiatric illnesses.

Dual-mode Noninvasive Brain Stimulation over Prefrontal Cortices on Working Memory in Stroke Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Ahee Lee ◽  
Won Hyuk Chang ◽  
Min Ji Lee ◽  
Min-Su Kim ◽  
Yun-Hee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation ◽  
Prefrontal Cortices
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