Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens, Cerebral Venous Thrombosis, and Fatal Pulmonary Embolism Due to Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenic Thrombosis Syndrome

1997 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1272-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Beland ◽  
Heinz Busse ◽  
Heinz M. Loick ◽  
Helmut Ostermann ◽  
Hugo Van Aken
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Fatal Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens

Low-dose subcutaneous heparin in prevention of deep-vein thrombosis

1972 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 89-91
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Fatal Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Subcutaneous Heparin ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Low Dosage

Earlier this year1 we discussed the prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis and concluded that heparin in low dosage seemed the most promising drug for preventing deep-vein thrombosis postoperatively, although the optimum regimen was not yet known. Sharnoff and his associates who began this work 10 years ago claim to have shown that this treatment largely prevents fatal pulmonary embolism.2

Surgical Treatment of Iliofemoral Venous Thrombosis

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Eklöf ◽  
Eibert Einarsson ◽  
Jiri Endrys ◽  
Gunnar Plate ◽  
Peter Néglen
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Fatal Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Conservative Group ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Surgical Group

The objectives of treatment in iliofemoral venous thrombosis are to prevent fatal pulmonary embolism, further swelling of the leg with development of phlegmasia caerulea dolens and the severe post-thrombotic syndrome, by preservation of venous patency and normal valves. The experience of thrombectomy and temporary AVF are presented in 155 patients where technical details of management are emphasized. A new technique with percutaneous closure of the AVF after six weeks is described. No patient died due to fatal pulmonary embolism during or immediately after surgery. In a randomized study comparing surgery with conventional anticoagulant treatment follow-up venography of the iliofemoral segment demonstrated excellent results in 76% of the operated group and 36% in the conservatively treated group, while venography of the femoropopliteal segment revealed an occlusion in about one-third of the patients in both groups. Of the patients who had an open femoropopliteal segment it was noted that 52% in the surgical group and 26% in the conservative group had preserved valves with no reflux.

Dual and Balloon-Assisted AngioJet Thrombectomy for Iliofemoral Deep Venous Thrombosis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zubin Irani ◽  
Sara Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽  
Post Thrombotic Syndrome ◽  
Thrombus Removal ◽  
Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens ◽  
Extremity Veins

Lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) may be complicated by pulmonary embolism, post-thrombotic syndrome, and phlegmasia cerulea dolens. Due to these complications, the American Venous Forum now recommends thrombus removal for large or symptomatic thrombus burden. The AngioJet Solent Proxy and Omni thrombectomy sets are indicated for use in iliofemoral and lower extremity veins with a diameter ≥3 mm. The device has quickly become a preferred device among the available mechanical thrombectomy options. The AngioJet system has been demonstrated as both efficacious and safe as a method of thrombectomy in lower extremity DVT. This chapter discusses two techniques to utilize the AngioJet device in iliofemoral DVT.

Venographic Studies on the Role of Valve Pockets in Thrombogenesis with Clinical Comments

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Diener ◽  
J.L.E. Ericsson ◽  
F. Lund
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Fatal Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Early Type ◽  
Clinical Series ◽  
Good Agreement

In postmortem exploration of the veins of the lower limbs for studies of the frequency and significance of thromboembolism intraosseous venography with injection of contrast medium into the calcaneus was performed followed by complete dissection of the leg veins. A good agreement was found between venographic results and dissection findings. Out of the 596 legs examined, deep venous thrombosis was found in 229 (38%). In 32 of the lower limbs (5.4%) a definite localization and adherence of thrombi to valve pockets was noted. Altogether, 37 such thrombi were encountered. In addition 9 small thrombi of early type were found floating freely in the venous lumen just above a pocket. Microscopically the thrombi showed the greatest degree of organization at the bottom of the valve pocket speaking for this localization as the origin of formation. This is in accordance with the fact that stasis of blood would be most pronounced at the bottom of valve pockets as shown by retention of contrast medium in pockets in clinical venography. In a clinical series of venographies performed after hip surgery several thrombi located to valve pockets were found. Some of these thrombi had proximally free floating tails forming a potential menace of fatal pulmonary embolism.

Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis as a focal point of pulmonary embolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
G. R. Ramazanov ◽  
A. E. Talypov ◽  
A. A. Kanibolotskiy ◽  
Kh. V. Korigova ◽  
V. N. Stepanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Superior Sagittal Sinus ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Sagittal Sinus ◽  
Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis

This article represents the discussion of a clinical case of superior sagittal sinus thrombosis as a focal point of fatal pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism is a life-threatening condition, with a mortality rate of up to 40%. The direct source of pulmonary embolism is deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities and pelvis in 80–90% of all cases. The veins of the upper extremities and venous heart cause it less often. Pulmonary embolism in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis is observed in 1.4% of patients.Cerebral venous thrombosis is a cerebrovascular disease manifested by venous outflow disorders due to acute occlusion of the sinuses and veins of the brain. It requires immediate treatment in order to prevent the development of intracranial hemorrhage, venous infarction, disability and death. Cerebral venous thrombosis accounts for approximately 0.5% of all cases of cerebrovascular disease worldwide. In contrast to ischemic stroke, cerebral venous thrombosis is more common in younger patients. Currently, the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis is based on neuroimaging data, and timely treatment leads to a decrease in disability and mortality.

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