scholarly journals Quantifying the cost of simultaneous non-parametric approximation of several samples

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (0) ◽  
pp. 747-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.L. Davies ◽  
A. Kovac
Keyword(s):  
The Cost ◽  
Parametric Approximation ◽  
Non Parametric

scholarly journals Non-Parametric Analysis of Efficiency: An Application to the Pharmaceutical Industry

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1522
Author(s):  
Ricardo F. Díaz ◽  
Blanca Sanchez-Robles
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Parametric Data ◽  
Research Specialization ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Non Parametric

Increases in the cost of research, specialization and reductions in public expenditure in health are changing the economic environment for the pharmaceutical industry. Gains in productivity and efficiency are increasingly important in order for firms to succeed in this environment. We analyze empirically the performance of efficiency in the pharmaceutical industry over the period 2010–2018. We work with microdata from a large sample of European firms of different characteristics regarding size, main activity, country of origin and other idiosyncratic features. We compute efficiency scores for the firms in the sample on a yearly basis by means of non-parametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) techniques. Basic results show a moderate average level of efficiency for the firms which encompass the sample. Efficiency is higher for companies which engage in manufacturing and distribution than for firms focusing on research and development (R&D) activities. Large firms display higher levels of efficiency than medium-size and small firms. Our estimates point to a decreasing pattern of average efficiency over the years 2010–2018. Furthermore, we explore the potential correlation of efficiency with particular aspects of the firms’ performance. Profit margins and financial solvency are positively correlated with efficiency, whereas employee costs display a negative correlation. Institutional aspects of the countries of origin also influence efficiency levels.

scholarly journals APAKAH PEMBENTUKAN HOLDING MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN ? ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA ANAK PERUSAHAAN ABC BUMN HOLDING SEBELUM DAN SETELAH HOLDINGISASI DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHINYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Bambang Utoyo
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sugar Mills ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Non Parametric

Abstract: The government has established ABC BUMN Holding, with the hope that the performance of its subsidiaries' performance after holding has increased sharply. Unfortunately the financial performance of its subsidiaries is no better than before the holding. This study is intended to analyze the performance of ABC BUMN subsidiaries before and after holding and look for factors that affect their performance, with non-parametric statistical methods and discussions with experts. The results showed that the poor performance of subsidiaries was partly due to the focus of the holding Directors still on restructuring the debt of subsidiaries which were carried out before the establishment of holding, the low productivity of plantations as a result of late replenting, fertilization and maintenance that are not in accordance with the standard, the cost of revitalizing sugar mills has not been able to be prepared by the holding, the synergy between the parent company and its subsidiaries has not gone well, and there has been a tendency to decline in plantation commodity prices. Keywords: Holding, financial performance, low productivity of plantation,  statistic non parametric. Abstrak :Pemerintah telah membentuk ABC BUMN Holding, dengan harapan kinerja anak perusahaan setelah dilakukan holding meningkat secara tajam. Sayangnya kinerja keuangan anak perusahaannya tidak lebih baik dari sebelum holding. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menganalisis kinerja anak perusahaan ABC BUMN sebelum dan setelah holding dan mencari faktor yang memengaruhi kinerjanya, dengan metode statistic non parametric dan diskusi dengan pakar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa belum baiknya kinerja anak perusahaan antara lain disebabkan fokus Direksi holding masih pada restrukturisasi hutang anak perusahaan yang terbawa dari sebelum pembentukan holding, rendahnya produktivitas perkebunan sebagai dampak terlambat replenting, pemupukan dan pemeliharaan yang tidak sesuai standar, besarnya biaya revitalisasi pabrik gula yang belum mampu disiapkan oleh holding, sinergi antara perusahaan induk dan anak perusahaan belum berjalan dengan baik, dan adanya kecenderungan turunnya harga komoditas perkebunan. Kata kunci: Holding, Kinerja keuangan, rendahnya produktivitas perkebunan, statistic non parametric.

scholarly journals ALGORITMA PRINCIPAL COMPONEN ANALYSIS DALAM PEMROSESAN SINYAL ELECTROKARDIOGRAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Husaini Husaini ◽  
Huzaeni Huzaeni ◽  
Fahmi Fahmi
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Parametric Method ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Redundant Data ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pca Algorithm ◽  
Non Parametric

Abstrak — Principal Component Analysis (PCA) merupakan salah satu teknik yang ada dalam statistic dan merupakan metode non parametric untuk mengekstraksi informasi-informasi yang bersesuaian dari sekumpulan data yang masih diragukan dan memerlukan proses untuk menghilangkan gangguan-gangguan yang ada. Data yang dimaksud salah satunya adalah sinyal ektrokardiogram (EKG). Sinyal EKG merupakan sinyal yang diperoleh dari rekaman aktifitas elektrik dari jantung. Rekaman sinyal EKG tidak saja digunakan untuk tujuan diagnosa, tapi juga disimpan sebagai referensi dalam mengklasifikasi EKG arrhythmia. Untuk mendapatkan hasil yang lebih baik maka data-data sinyal EKG akan direduksi dimensinya dengan tujuan untuk menghilangkab data-data yang tidak sesuai, tidak relevan dan data redundant sehingga dapat menghemat biaya komputasinya dan mencegah data-data yang over-fitting. Tulisan ini memaparkan tentang ide dasar dari PCA dalam mereduksi dimensi data-data dari sinyal  EKG. Hasil yang ditampilkan adalah berupa proses-proses dalam algoritma PCA dan akurasi klasifikasi sinyal  dengan metode KNN dan Naive Bayes.Kata kunci : principal component analysisi (PCA), sinyal EKG, reduksi dimensi Abstract — The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is one of the existing techniques in statistics and a non parametric method for extracting the information from a collection of data that still in doubt and requires a process to remove any disturbances. The data in question one of them is the signal ektrokardiogram (ECG). ECG signals are signals obtained from recording electrical activity from the heart. ECG signal recording is not only used for diagnostic purposes, but is also stored as a reference in classifying ECG arrhythmias. To get better results then the ECG signal data will be reduced the dimension. The aim to removed data that are not appropriate, irrelevant and redundant data so as to save the cost of computing and prevent data over-fitting. This paper describes the basic idea of PCA in reducing the dimensions of data from ECG signals. The results shown are the processes in PCA algorithm and signal classification accuracy by KNN and Naive Bayes methods.Keywords— Principal Component Analysis, ECG Signal, reduction dimentionality

scholarly journals Delivery Offices Cost Frontier: A Robust Non Parametric Approach with Exogenous Variables

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Cazals ◽  
Paul Dudley ◽  
Jean-Pierre Florens ◽  
Shital Patel ◽  
Frank Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Parametric Approach ◽  
Cross Section Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Cost Frontier ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Frontier Estimation ◽  
Post Offices ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Non Parametric

This paper deals with an analysis of the efficiency of delivery post offices from an estimated cost frontier. Our focus is to apply a robust non parametric approach for the cost frontier estimation, called the order-m frontier, based on the concept of "expected minimum cost" and to extend it to take into account some environmental variables. We illustrate our approach using a cross-section data set on delivery offices.

The IBM-PC in electron microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 612-613
Author(s):  
James F. Mancuso
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Financial Applications ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Instrument Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Training And Support ◽  
Control Image ◽  
Ibm Pc

IBM PC compatible computers are widely used in microscopy for applications ranging from control to image acquisition and analysis. The choice of IBM-PC based systems over competing computer platforms can be based on technical merit alone or on a number of factors relating to economics, availability of peripherals, management dictum, or simple personal preference.IBM-PC got a strong “head start” by first dominating clerical, document processing and financial applications. The use of these computers spilled into the laboratory where the DOS based IBM-PC replaced mini-computers. Compared to minicomputer, the PC provided a more for cost-effective platform for applications in numerical analysis, engineering and design, instrument control, image acquisition and image processing. In addition, the sitewide use of a common PC platform could reduce the cost of training and support services relative to cases where many different computer platforms were used. This could be especially true for the microscopists who must use computers in both the laboratory and the office.

New Feasible Concepts of Aberration Correction for Realizing High-Resolution Electron Microscopes

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
H. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Electron Wave ◽  
Optical Lens ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Rotationally Symmetric ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Imaging Performance ◽  
Acceleration Voltage

The imaging performance of the light optical lens systems has reached such a degree of perfection that nowadays numerical apertures of about 1 can be utilized. Compared to this state of development the objective lenses of electron microscopes are rather poor allowing at most usable apertures somewhat smaller than 10-2 . This severe shortcoming is due to the unavoidable axial chromatic and spherical aberration of rotationally symmetric electron lenses employed so far in all electron microscopes.The resolution of such electron microscopes can only be improved by increasing the accelerating voltage which shortens the electron wave length. Unfortunately, this procedure is rather ineffective because the achievable gain in resolution is only proportional to λ1/4 for a fixed magnetic field strength determined by the magnetic saturation of the pole pieces. Moreover, increasing the acceleration voltage results in deleterious knock-on processes and in extreme difficulties to stabilize the high voltage. Last not least the cost increase exponentially with voltage.

An application: the cost of clinic care by undergraduate dental students and its relationship to clinic fees

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 832-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
ES Solomon ◽  
TK Hasegawa ◽  
JD Shulman ◽  
PO Walker
Keyword(s):  
Dental Students ◽  
The Cost
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