A Reticulothalamic System Mediating Proprioceptive Attention and Tremor in Man

Abstract This report describes the electrophysiological characteristics of thalamic and subthalamic targets used to control tremor. In these targets exploratory electrodes recorded one or more of the following events. Electrical stimulation produced enhancement of tremor or other complex motor responses. Somatic evoked potentials (SEPs) induced by proprioceptive stimulation showed only late components, the amplitudes of which changed in various attentive situations. Multiunit activity showed spontaneous 3- to 6-Hz rhythmic bursts. And a lesion produced neglect of contralateral extremities and an ipsilateral decrease of scalp-recorded SEP late components. In contrast, in the areas located immediately posterior and dorsal, electrical stimulation produced contralateral paresthesias. Early components of SEPs could be recorded, as were rhythmic bursts of multiunit activity after the occurrence of peripheral tremor. Lesions produced sensory deficits in the contralateral extremities and ipsilateral blocking of all components of scalp SEPs. The latter areas are identified as the lemniscal system, but the former seem to be extralemniscal. Their electrophysiological characteristics suggest that they are probably involved in the process of selective attention and motor control

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Review of Selective Attention and Evoked Potentials.

Contemporary Psychology ◽

10.1037/0010181 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 375-375

Author(s):

S. S. Stevens

Keyword(s):

Selective Attention ◽

Evoked Potentials

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Quantitative Models of Motor Responses Subject to Longitudinal, Lateral, and Preview Constraints

Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ◽

10.1177/001872087802000105 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 35-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tarald O. Kvålseth

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Motor Control ◽

Linear Models ◽

Movement Time ◽

Arm Movements ◽

Second Order ◽

Motor Responses ◽

First Order ◽

Different Types ◽

Index Of Difficulty

First- and second-order linear models of mean movement time for serial arm movements aimed at a target and subject to preview constraints and lateral constraints were formulated as extensions of the so-called Fitts's law of motor control. These models were validated on the basis of experimental data from five subjects and found to explain from 80% to 85% of the variation in movement time in the case of the first-order models and from 93% to 95% of such variation for the second-order models. Fitts's index of difficulty (ID) was generally found to contribute more to the movement time than did either the preview ID or the lateral ID defined. Of the different types of errors, target overshoots occurred far more frequently than undershoots.

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Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis and Its Effects on Somatosensory-Evoked Potentials: A Pretrial Study of a New, U.S. Food and Drug Administration–Approved Device

World Neurosurgery ◽

10.1016/j.wneu.2020.09.025 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. e605-e611

Author(s):

Michael A. Bohl ◽

Christina A. Newell ◽

Vladimir Shvarts ◽

Asim Haque

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Evoked Potentials ◽

Drug Administration ◽

Somatosensory Evoked Potentials ◽

Food And Drug Administration ◽

Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation ◽

Thromboembolism Prophylaxis ◽

Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis

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Averaged evoked potentials and intramodality selective attention

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology ◽

10.1016/0013-4694(67)90061-2 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 537-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 174

Author(s):

E Donchin ◽

L Cohen

Keyword(s):

Selective Attention ◽

Evoked Potentials

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The influence of the dynamics and the level of maturity of the cortical functions as a prerequisite for the development of speech in children

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh180510046d ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 147 (3-4) ◽

pp. 199-204

Author(s):

Maja Davidovic ◽

Jadranka Otasevic ◽

Nada Dobrota-Davidovic ◽

Ivana Petronic ◽

Dragomir Davidovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Control ◽

Evoked Potentials ◽

Physiological Changes ◽

Articulation Disorder ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cortical Responses ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Waveform Amplitude ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

Introduction/Objective. The development of speech is the result of interaction of different systems of the cortex, which gradually acquires the ability of phonological presentation and motor control, in the presence of a series of physical and physiological changes in the morphology of the articulation system. The objective of the study was to examine the impact of laterality and cortical responses on the development of speech in children. Methods. Research is a quasi-experimental design with two groups. The sample covered 60 children from Belgrade, of both sexes, ages 5.5?7 years, divided into two groups, experimental (30) and control (30). We used the following instruments: test for assessing laterality and ascertaining evoked potentials. Results. On the visual lateralization subtest there was a statistically significant difference (?2 = 7.56, p < 0.05) between the observed groups. The visual evoked potentials on all measured parameters gave a statistically significant difference between the groups: waveform cortical responses ? left (?2 = 30.00, df = 1, p < 0.05); cortical responses ? right (?2 = 6.667, df = 1 , p < 0.05); waveform amplitude ? left (?2 = 13.469, df = 1, p < 0.05); amplitude ? right (?2 = 40.00, df = 1, p < 0.05), somatosensory potentials (?2 = 18.261, df = 1, p <0.05); waveform amplitude (?2 = 12.000, df = 1, p < 0.05); waveform latency (?2 = 5.455, df = 1, p < 0.05). Conclusion. Visual laterality, as well as visual and somatosensory cortical responses to stimuli is better in children without the present articulation disorder, which could be used for timely prevention planning.

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Sensory and motor electrophysiological mapping of the cerebellum in humans

10.1101/2020.04.25.061044 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Reiko Ashida ◽

Peter Walsh ◽

Jonathan C.W. Brooks ◽

Richard J. Edwards ◽

Nadia L. Cerminara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Evoked Potentials ◽

Posterior Fossa ◽

Posterior Lobe ◽

Posterior Fossa Surgery ◽

Motor Mapping ◽

Human Cerebellum ◽

Limb Muscles ◽

The Right ◽

Stimulation Of

AbstractDamage to the cerebellum during posterior fossa surgery can lead to ataxia and in paediatric cases, the risk of cerebellar mutism syndrome. Animal electrophysiological and human imaging studies have shown compartmentalisation of sensorimotor and cognitive functions within the cerebellum. In the present study, electrophysiological monitoring of sensory and motor pathways was carried out to assess the location of limb sensorimotor representation within the human cerebellum, as a potential approach for real time assessment of neurophysiological integrity to reduce the incidence of cerebellar surgical morbidities.Thirteen adult and paediatric patients undergoing posterior fossa surgery were recruited. For sensory mapping (n=8), electrical stimulation was applied to the median nerves, the posterior tibial nerves, or proximal and distal limb muscles and evoked field potential responses were sought on the cerebellar surface. For motor mapping (n=5), electrical stimulation was applied to the surface of the cerebellum and evoked EMG responses were sought in facial and limb muscles.Evoked potentials on the cerebellar surface were found in two patients (25% of cases). In one patient, the evoked response was located on the surface of the right inferior posterior cerebellum in response to stimulation of the right leg. In the second patient, stimulation of the extensor digitorum muscle in the left forearm evoked a response on the surface of the left inferior posterior lobe. In the motor mapping cases no evoked EMG responses could be found.Intraoperative electrophysiological mapping, therefore, indicates it is possible to record evoked potentials on the surface of the human cerebellum in response to peripheral stimulation.

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Transcranial electrical stimulation through screw electrodes for intraoperative monitoring of motor evoked potentials

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.2004.100.1.0155 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 155-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Katsushige Watanabe ◽

Takashi Watanabe ◽

Akio Takahashi ◽

Nobuhito Saito ◽

Masafumi Hirato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Motor Cortex ◽

Evoked Potentials ◽

Intraoperative Monitoring ◽

Primary Motor Cortex ◽

Motor Evoked Potentials ◽

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation ◽

Content Type ◽

Motor Pathways ◽

Fine Print

✓ The feasibility of high-frequency transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) through screw electrodes placed in the skull was investigated for use in intraoperative monitoring of the motor pathways in patients who are in a state of general anesthesia during cerebral and spinal operations. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were elicited by TES with a train of five square-wave pulses (duration 400 µsec, intensity ≤ 200 mA, frequency 500 Hz) delivered through metal screw electrodes placed in the outer table of the skull over the primary motor cortex in 42 patients. Myogenic MEPs to anodal stimulation were recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. The mean threshold stimulation intensity was 48 ± 17 mA for the APB muscles, and 112 ± 35 mA for the TA muscles. The electrodes were firmly fixed at the site and were not dislodged by surgical manipulation throughout the operation. No adverse reactions attributable to the TES were observed. Passing current through the screw electrodes stimulates the motor cortex more effectively than conventional methods of TES. The method is safe and inexpensive, and it is convenient for intraoperative monitoring of motor pathways.

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