Septal Vein Symmetry: Implications for Endoscopic Septum Pellucidotomy

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. ons395-ons401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Roth ◽  
Adelou Olasunkanmi ◽  
Kalman Rubinson ◽  
Jeffrey H. Wisoff
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Septum Pellucidum ◽  
Anterior Region ◽  
Careful Evaluation ◽  
Foramen Of Monro ◽  
Septal Region ◽  
Safe Area ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Endosopic septum pellucidotomy is used for treating patients with unilateral and specific types of bilateral hydrocephalus. The ideal location for septostomy is controversial; however, an avascular region is preferred. OBJECTIVE: As the septal veins (SVs) are viewed only from one side, we studied the symmetry of the SVs in an attempt to define a safe area for septostomy. METHODS: Sixteen cadaver brains were dissected. The septum pellucidum was exposed bilaterally and divided into 3 regions. SVs of both sides were evaluated according to number, size, distribution, and location relative to common markers on both sides. RESULTS: Each side included 1 to 7 large veins (mean ± standard deviation, 2.3 ± 1.4), 0 to 3 small veins (2.05 ± 1.73), and a total of 2 to 7 veins (4.35 ± 1.53). Of the large veins, 88% were located in the anterior septal region (anterior to the foramen of Monro). Among the 10 brains that were extensively dissected, 90% had asymmetric SVs (either in the number of large veins or in the existence of any veins) in at least 1 of the septal regions, and 50% of brains had asymmetric SVs in the anterior region. CONCLUSION: Distribution of the SVs is asymmetric in most cases. We recommend septostomy be performed at the anterior area of the middle septal region, at the level of the foramen of Monro, mid-height between the corpus callosum and fornix. Careful evaluation of preoperative images and thorough coagulation at the septostomy site are essential to avoid injury to a contralateral large SV.

A case of prenatal diagnosis of corpus callosum lipoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I. Zamiatina, M.V. Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Septum Pellucidum ◽  
Resonance Imaging

A case of prenatal diagnosis of the corpus callosum lipoma at 32–33 weeks of gestation is presented. In a consultative examination, a hyperechoic formation with clear contours was found in the projection of the septum pellucidum, occupying the rostrum, genu, and truncus of corpus callosum, without signs of intratumorally blood flow in the color Doppler mapping mode. The prenatal diagnosis of "callosum lipoma" was established, confirmed after the birth of a child during magnetic resonance imaging.

scholarly journals Effect sizes and meta-analysis indicate no sex dimorphism in the human or rodent corpus callosum

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
Douglas Wahlsten ◽  
Katherine M. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Brain Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Sex Dimorphism ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Average Size

Sex dimorphism occurs when group means differ by four or more standard deviations. However, the average size of the corpus callosum is greater in males by about one standard deviation in rats, 0.2 standard deviation in humans, and virtually zero in mice. Furthermore, variations in corpus callosum size are related to brain size and are not sex specific.

Cavernoma of the septum pellucidum in the region of foramen of Monro

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dattatraya Muzumdar ◽  
KM Avinash ◽  
Raghvendra Ramdasi
Keyword(s):  
Septum Pellucidum ◽  
Foramen Of Monro

Endoscopic Fenestration of Cavum Septum Pellucidum Cysts to the Third Ventricle: Technical Note

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. E434-E439
Author(s):  
Alexandre Simonin ◽  
Omar Bangash ◽  
Arjun S Chandran ◽  
Erik Uvelius ◽  
Christopher Lind
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Septum Pellucidum ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Foramen Of Monro ◽  
Cavum Septum Pellucidum ◽  
The Third ◽  
Endoscopic Fenestration

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) and cavum vergae (CV) cysts are common incidental findings on imaging studies. However, they may rarely present with symptoms related to the obstruction of the foramen of Monro by the cyst leaflets. There is no consensus regarding the management of symptomatic CSP and CV cysts. We present an original transcavum interforniceal endoscopic fenestration technique. The step-by-step surgical procedure and two illustrative cases are presented. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 31-yr-old male and a 24-yr-old woman presented with symptomatic CSP and CV cysts. For both patients, neuronavigation was used to plan the procedure. An endoscope was introduced into the cyst through a right frontal burr-hole. After an examination of the endoscopic anatomy, a communication between the cyst and the third ventricle was performed using an endoscopic forceps. In both cases, directly after the fenestration, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) passed through the communication, and the collapse of the cyst was appreciated. Symptoms were relieved in both patients, and neuropsychological assessment improved. Postoperative imaging showed a reduction in the cyst bulge, and patent foramen of Monro. CONCLUSION Endoscopic fenestration of CSP and CV cysts to the third ventricle through an interforniceal navigated approach is a feasible and efficient surgical procedure. Theoretical advantages include a single tract through noneloquent brain, a perpendicular trajectory to the membrane for fenestration, and a large CSF space beyond the fenestration point.

Computerized Solutions for Some Problems of Fold Geometry

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 688-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Nidd ◽  
J. W. Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Apical Angle ◽  
Structural Homogeneity ◽  
The Ideal

If the form of a fold is conical, important elements of its geometry are the attitude of its axis and the degree of conicity (i.e. the size of the semi-apical angle of the cone). (If the fold is cylindrical this angle is 0°; but as the semi-apical angle increases to 90° as a limit, the cone approaches a plane.) These elements of a conical fold can be calculated, given the attitudes of a number of planes tangential to the fold surface. Also the standard deviation of the observations from the ideal can be calculated and used to test the structural homogeneity of a given area. Previous solutions to this problem lead to ambiguous answers, as shown by C. S. Venkitasubramanyan (this issue).

scholarly journals Preparation of suspensions of phospholipid-coated microbubbles by coaxial electrohydrodynamic atomization

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (32) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Farook ◽  
E Stride ◽  
M.J Edirisinghe
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Bubble Diameter ◽  
Mechanical Agitation ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Scaling Equation ◽  
Human Body Temperature ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Ideal

The use of phospholipid-coated microbubbles for medical applications is gaining considerable attention. However, the preparation of lipid-coated microbubble suspensions containing the ideal size and size distribution of bubbles still represents a considerable challenge. The most commonly used preparation methods of sonication and mechanical agitation result in the generation of polydisperse microbubbles with diameters ranging from less than 1 μm to greater than 50 μm. Efforts have been made via distinctly different techniques such as microfluidic and electrohydrodynamic bubbling to prepare lipid-coated microbubbles with diameters less than 10 μm and with a narrow size distribution, and recent results have been highly promising. In this paper, we describe a detailed investigation of the latter method that essentially combines liquid and air flow, and an applied electric field to generate microbubbles. A parametric plot was constructed between the air flow rate ( Q g ) and the lipid suspension flow rate ( Q l ) to identify suitable flow rate regimes for the preparation of phospholipid-coated microbubbles with a mean diameter of 6.6 μm and a standard deviation of 2.5 μm. The parametric plot has also helped in developing a scaling equation between the bubble diameter and the ratio Q g / Q l . At ambient temperature (22°C), these bubbles were very stable with their size remaining almost unchanged for 160 min. The influence of higher temperatures such as the human body temperature (37°C) on the size and stability of the microbubbles was also explored. It was found that the mean bubble diameter fell rapidly to begin with but then stabilized at 1–2 μm after 20 min.

A case of ring chromosome 22 with deletion of the 22q13.3 region associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum, fornix and septum pellucidum

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 635-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Delcán ◽  
María Orera ◽  
Rafael Linares ◽  
Dolores Saavedra ◽  
Angustias Palomar
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Ring Chromosome ◽  
Septum Pellucidum ◽  
Chromosome 22

Spectrum of clinical presentations and endocrinological findings of patients with septo-optic dysplasia: a retrospective study

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (9-10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Pinar Cemeroglu ◽  
Tarin Coulas ◽  
Lora Kleis
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Septum Pellucidum ◽  
Optic Nerve Hypoplasia ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Pituitary Dysfunction

Abstract: Septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) is a rare condition with variable clinical pictures and spectrum of findings.: To analyze the spectrum of findings, frequency and age of onset of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunctions in children with SOD.A retrospective electronic medical record (EMR) chart review was done for patients with SOD seen in a tertiary care center’s pediatric endocrinology clinic between January 1, 2012, and March 31, 2014. The diagnostic criteria for SOD included presence of ≥2 of the following: (i) optic nerve hypoplasia, (ii) agenesis/hypoplasia of septum pellucidum and/or corpus callosum and (iii) hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction.Eighty patients fitting the diagnostic criteria of SOD were included in this study. The majority of patients (96%) had optic nerve hypoplasia on magnetic resonance imaging and were diagnosed due to visual issues including nystagmus (36%) or strabismus (13.8%). Hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction was most common (51%) when optic nerve hypoplasia was present with (36%) or without (15%) dysgenesis of septum pellucidum and/or corpus callosum compared to dysgenesis of septum pellucidum and/or corpus callosum alone (4%). Hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction was noted in 55% of patients, and most (86%) were diagnosed ≤2 years of age. Central hypothyroidism and growth hormone deficiency were most common followed by secondary/tertiary adrenal insufficiency and diabetes insipidus.: The risk of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction in SOD is highest ≤2 years of age and when both optic nerve hypoplasia and dysgenesis of septum pellucidum/corpus callosum are present, suggesting a need for more frequent follow-up and screening tests for hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction in these patients.

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