A class of complete benchmark models with intensity-based jumps

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckhard Platen

This paper proposes a class of complete financial market models, the benchmark models, with security price processes that exhibit intensity-based jumps. The benchmark or reference unit is chosen to be the growth-optimal portfolio. Primary security account prices, when expressed in units of the benchmark, turn out to be local martingales. In the proposed framework an equivalent risk-neutral measure need not exist. Benchmarked fair derivative prices are obtained as conditional expectations of future benchmarked prices under the real-world probability measure. This concept of fair pricing generalizes the classical risk-neutral approach and the actuarial present-value pricing methodology.

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 19-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckhard Platen

This paper proposes a class of complete financial market models, the benchmark models, with security price processes that exhibit intensity-based jumps. The benchmark or reference unit is chosen to be the growth-optimal portfolio. Primary security account prices, when expressed in units of the benchmark, turn out to be local martingales. In the proposed framework an equivalent risk-neutral measure need not exist. Benchmarked fair derivative prices are obtained as conditional expectations of future benchmarked prices under the real-world probability measure. This concept of fair pricing generalizes the classical risk-neutral approach and the actuarial present-value pricing methodology.


2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 540-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckhard Platen

This paper introduces a benchmark approach for the modelling of continuous, complete financial markets, when an equivalent risk-neutral measure does not exist. This approach is based on the unique characterization of a benchmark portfolio, the growth optimal portfolio, which is obtained via a generalization of the mutual fund theorem. The discounted growth optimal portfolio with minimum variance drift is shown to follow a Bessel process of dimension four. Some form of arbitrage can be explicitly modelled by arbitrage amounts. Fair contingent claim prices are derived as conditional expectations under the real world probability measure. The Heath-Jarrow-Morton forward rate equation remains valid despite the absence of an equivalent risk neutral measure.


2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Ratanov

The paper develops a new class of financial market models. These models are based on generalized telegraph processes with alternating velocities and jumps occurring at switching velocities. The model under consideration is arbitrage-free and complete if the directions of jumps in stock prices are in a certain correspondence with their velocity and with the behaviour of the interest rate. A risk-neutral measure and arbitrage-free formulae for a standard call option are constructed. This model has some features of models with memory, but it is more simple.


2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Baldeaux ◽  
Katja Ignatieva ◽  
Eckhard Platen

AbstractThe growth optimal portfolio (GOP) plays an important role in finance, where it serves as the numéraire portfolio, with respect to which contingent claims can be priced under the real world probability measure. This paper models the GOP using a time dependent constant elasticity of variance (TCEV) model. The TCEV model has high tractability for a range of derivative prices and fits well the dynamics of a global diversified world equity index. This is confirmed when pricing and hedging various derivatives using this index.


2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckhard Platen

This paper introduces a benchmark approach for the modelling of continuous, complete financial markets, when an equivalent risk-neutral measure does not exist. This approach is based on the unique characterization of a benchmark portfolio, the growth optimal portfolio, which is obtained via a generalization of the mutual fund theorem. The discounted growth optimal portfolio with minimum variance drift is shown to follow a Bessel process of dimension four. Some form of arbitrage can be explicitly modelled by arbitrage amounts. Fair contingent claim prices are derived as conditional expectations under the real world probability measure. The Heath-Jarrow-Morton forward rate equation remains valid despite the absence of an equivalent risk neutral measure.


2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 1750005 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. FERGUSSON

Vasicek's short rate model is a mean reverting model of the short rate which permits closed-form pricing formulae of zero coupon bonds and options on zero coupon bonds. This paper supplies proofs which are valid for any single factor mean reverting Gaussian short rate model having time-inhomogeneous parameters. The formulae are for the expected present value of payoffs under the real-world probability measure, known as actuarial pricing. Importantly, we give formulae for asymptotic levels of bond yields and volatilities for extended Vasicek models when suitable conditions are imposed on the model parameters.


2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 838-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar López ◽  
Nikita Ratanov

In this paper we propose a class of financial market models which are based on telegraph processes with alternating tendencies and jumps. It is assumed that the jumps have random sizes and that they occur when the tendencies are switching. These models are typically incomplete, but the set of equivalent martingale measures can be described in detail. We provide additional suggestions which permit arbitrage-free option prices as well as hedging strategies to be obtained.


Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Allen ◽  
Phillip D. Stevenson ◽  
Christopher A. Mattson ◽  
Nile W. Hatch

Though little research has been done in the field of over-design as a product development strategy, an over-design approach can help products avoid the issue of premature obsolescence. This paper compares over-design to redesign as approaches to address the emergence of future requirements. Net present value (NPV) analyses of several real world applications are examined from the perspective of manufacturers and customers. This analysis is used to determine the conditions under which an over-design approach provides a greater benefit than a redesign approach. Over-design is found to have a higher net present value than redesign when future requirements occur soon after the initial release, discount rates are low, initial research and development cost or price is high, and when the incremental costs of the future requirements are low.


Author(s):  
NEIL F. JOHNSON ◽  
PAUL JEFFERIES ◽  
PAK MING HUI

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