scholarly journals An auxin transport network underlies xylem bridge formation between the hemi-parasitic plant Phtheirospermum japonicum and host Arabidopsis

Development ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (14) ◽  
pp. dev187781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Wakatake ◽  
Satoshi Ogawa ◽  
Satoko Yoshida ◽  
Ken Shirasu
Keyword(s):  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Tracheary Element ◽  
Material Transport ◽  
Tracheary Element Differentiation ◽  
Vascular Connection ◽  
Bridge Formation ◽  
Cooperative Action ◽  
Similar Expression Pattern ◽  
Auxin Efflux Carriers

ABSTRACTParasitic plants form vascular connections with host plants for efficient material transport. The haustorium is the responsible organ for host invasion and subsequent vascular connection. After invasion of host tissues, vascular meristem-like cells emerge in the central region of the haustorium, differentiate into tracheary elements and establish a connection, known as a xylem bridge, between parasite and host xylem systems. Despite the importance of this parasitic connection, the regulatory mechanisms of xylem bridge formation are unknown. Here, we show the role of auxin and auxin transporters during the process of xylem bridge formation using an Orobanchaceae hemiparasitic plant, Phtheirospermum japonicum. The auxin response marker DR5 has a similar expression pattern to tracheary element differentiation genes in haustoria. Auxin transport inhibitors alter tracheary element differentiation in haustoria, but biosynthesis inhibitors do not, demonstrating the importance of auxin transport during xylem bridge formation. The expression patterns and subcellular localization of PIN family auxin efflux carriers and AUX1/LAX influx carriers correlate with DR5 expression patterns. The cooperative action of auxin transporters is therefore responsible for controlling xylem vessel connections between parasite and host.

scholarly journals Auxin transport network underlies xylem bridge formation between the hemi-parasitic plant Phtheirospermum japonicum and host Arabidopsis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Wakatake ◽  
Satoko Yoshida ◽  
Ken Shirasu
Keyword(s):  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Tracheary Element ◽  
Material Transport ◽  
Tracheary Element Differentiation ◽  
Vascular Connection ◽  
Bridge Formation ◽  
Cooperative Action ◽  
Similar Expression Pattern ◽  
Auxin Efflux Carriers

ABSTRACTParasitic plants form vascular connections to host plants for efficient material transport. The haustorium is the responsible organ for host invasion and subsequent vascular connection. After invasion of host tissues, vascular meristem-like cells emerge in the central region of the haustorium, differentiate into tracheary elements, and establish a connection, known as a xylem bridge, between parasite and host xylem systems. Despite the importance of this parasitic connection, the regulatory mechanisms of xylem bridge formation are unknown. Here we show the role of auxin and auxin transporters during the process of xylem bridge formation using an Orobanchaceae hemiparasitic plant, Phtheirospermum japonicum. The auxin response marker DR5 has a similar expression pattern to tracheary element differentiation genes in haustoria. Auxin transport inhibitors alter tracheary element differentiation in haustoria, but biosynthesis inhibitors do not, demonstrating the importance of auxin transport during xylem bridge formation. The expression patterns and subcellular localization of PIN family auxin efflux carriers and AUX/LAX influx carriers correlate with DR5 expression patterns. The cooperative action of auxin transporters is therefore responsible for controlling xylem vessel connections between parasite and host.

scholarly journals Identification and Expression Analysis of the PIN and AUX/LAX Gene Families in Ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud)

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaning Bao ◽  
Xing Huang ◽  
Muzammal Rehman ◽  
Yunhe Wang ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Ramie Fiber ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Boehmeria Nivea ◽  
Auxin Distribution ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Auxin regulates diverse aspects of growth and development. Furthermore, polar auxin transport, which is mediated by the PIN-FORMED (PIN) and AUXIN1/LIKE-AUX (AUX/LAX) proteins, plays a crucial role in auxin distribution. In this study, six PIN and four AUX/LAX genes were identified in ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.). We used qRT-PCR to characterize and analyze the two gene families, including phylogenetic relationships, intron/exon structures, cis-elements, subcellular localization, and the expression patterns in different tissues. The expression of these genes in response to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) treatment and drought stress was also assessed; the results indicate that most of the BnAUX/LAX and BnPIN genes were regulated as a result of IAA treatment and drought stress. Our study provides insights into ramie auxin transporters and lays the foundation for further analysis of their biological functions in ramie fiber development and adaptation to environmental stresses.

scholarly journals Exploring the Functional Disorder and Corresponding Key Transcription Factors in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms Progression

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiying Bai ◽  
Chenxuan Wu ◽  
Yingtang Gao ◽  
Guiming Shu
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Microarray Dataset ◽  
Functional Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Mucinous Carcinoma ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Functional Disorder ◽  
Similar Expression Pattern

This study has analyzed the gene expression patterns of an IPMN microarray dataset including normal pancreatic ductal tissue (NT), intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma (IPMA), intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC), and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) samples. And eight clusters of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with similar expression pattern were detected byk-means clustering. Then a survey map of functional disorder in IPMN progression was established by functional enrichment analysis of these clusters. In addition, transcription factors (TFs) enrichment analysis was used to detect the key TFs in each cluster of DEGs, and three TFs (FLI1, ERG, and ESR1) were found to significantly regulate DEGs in cluster 1, and expression of these three TFs was validated by qRT-PCR. All these results indicated that these three TFs might play key roles in the early stages of IPMN progression.

scholarly journals Rice PIN Auxin Efflux Carriers Modulate the Nitrogen Response in a Changing Nitrogen Growth Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3243
Author(s):  
Yun-Shil Gho ◽  
Min-Yeong Song ◽  
Do-Young Bae ◽  
Heebak Choi ◽  
Ki-Hong Jung
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Ammonium Assimilation ◽  
Nitrogen Response ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Auxin Distribution ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
N Assimilation ◽  
N Deficiency ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Auxin Efflux Carriers

Auxins play an essential role in regulating plant growth and adaptation to abiotic stresses, such as nutrient stress. Our current understanding of auxins is based almost entirely on the results of research on the eudicot Arabidopsis thaliana, however, the role of the rice PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux carriers in the regulation of the ammonium-dependent response remains elusive. Here, we analyzed the expression patterns in various organs/tissues and the ammonium-dependent response of rice PIN-family genes (OsPIN genes) via qRT–PCR, and attempted to elucidate the relationship between nitrogen (N) utilization and auxin transporters. To investigate auxin distribution under ammonium-dependent response after N deficiency in rice roots, we used DR5::VENUS reporter lines that retained a highly active synthetic auxin response. Subsequently, we confirmed that ammonium supplementation reduced the DR5::VENUS signal compared with that observed in the N-deficient condition. These results are consistent with the decreased expression patterns of almost all OsPIN genes in the presence of the ammonium-dependent response to N deficiency. Furthermore, the ospin1b mutant showed an insensitive phenotype in the ammonium-dependent response to N deficiency and disturbances in the regulation of several N-assimilation genes. These molecular and physiological findings suggest that auxin is involved in the ammonium assimilation process of rice, which is a model crop plant.

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