scholarly journals The people behind the papers – Donald Ready and Henry Chang

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (22) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cytosolic Calcium ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Calcium Waves ◽  
The People ◽  
Drosophila Eye ◽  
Purdue University

ABSTRACT Coordinating contractility across tissues is key for maintaining the fidelity of morphogenetic processes. A new paper in Development explains how cytosolic calcium waves in the interommatidial cells, the pigment-secreting cells in the Drosophila eye, lead to remodelling of the retinal floor, by activating contraction of the basal actomyosin stress fibres. We caught up with the authors, Professor Donald Ready and Associate Professor Henry Chang, both from Purdue University, to find out more about this story.

scholarly journals Oscillatory cytosolic calcium waves independent of stimulated inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate formation in hepatocytes

1991 ◽  
Vol 266 (19) ◽  
pp. 12272-12282 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Rooney ◽  
D.C. Renard ◽  
E.J. Sass ◽  
A.P. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Cytosolic Calcium ◽  
Calcium Waves ◽  
Inositol 1,4,5 Trisphosphate

TRAVELLING CALCIUM WAVES IN SYSTEMS WITH NON-DIFFUSING BUFFERS

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (06) ◽  
pp. 883-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
BOGDAN KAZMIERCZAK ◽  
VITALY VOLPERT
Keyword(s):  
Structural Stability ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Travelling Waves ◽  
Cytosolic Calcium ◽  
Calcium Waves ◽  
Cytosolic Calcium Concentration

The existence and structural stability of travelling waves of systems of the free cytosolic calcium concentration in the presence of immobile buffers are studied. The proof is carried out by passing to zero with the diffusion coefficients of buffers. Thus, its method is different from Ref. 13 where the existence is proved straightforwardly.

scholarly journals Ryanodine receptor gating controls generation of diastolic calcium waves in cardiac myocytes

2015 ◽  
Vol 145 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavol Petrovič ◽  
Ivan Valent ◽  
Elena Cocherová ◽  
Jana Pavelková ◽  
Alexandra Zahradníková
Keyword(s):  
Ryanodine Receptor ◽  
Calcium Sensitivity ◽  
Cytosolic Calcium ◽  
Calcium Waves ◽  
Calcium Sparks ◽  
Calcium Spark ◽  
Gating Model ◽  
Calcium Diffusion ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Deterministic Description

The role of cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR) gating in the initiation and propagation of calcium waves was investigated using a mathematical model comprising a stochastic description of RyR gating and a deterministic description of calcium diffusion and sequestration. We used a one-dimensional array of equidistantly spaced RyR clusters, representing the confocal scanning line, to simulate the formation of calcium sparks. Our model provided an excellent description of the calcium dependence of the frequency of diastolic calcium sparks and of the increased tendency for the production of calcium waves after a decrease in cytosolic calcium buffering. We developed a hypothesis relating changes in the propensity to form calcium waves to changes of RyR gating and tested it by simulation. With a realistic RyR gating model, increased ability of RyR to be activated by Ca2+ strongly increased the propensity for generation of calcium waves at low (0.05–0.1-µM) calcium concentrations but only slightly at high (0.2–0.4-µM) calcium concentrations. Changes in RyR gating altered calcium wave formation by changing the calcium sensitivity of spontaneous calcium spark activation and/or the average number of open RyRs in spontaneous calcium sparks. Gating changes that did not affect RyR activation by Ca2+ had only a weak effect on the propensity to form calcium waves, even if they strongly increased calcium spark frequency. Calcium waves induced by modulating the properties of the RyR activation site could be suppressed by inhibiting the spontaneous opening of the RyR. These data can explain the increased tendency for production of calcium waves under conditions when RyR gating is altered in cardiac diseases.

scholarly journals Néprajz a magyar egyetemeken 1960-ig

Gerundium ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Paládi-Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Historical Ethnography ◽  
The People ◽  
Folklore Studies ◽  
Ancient Religion ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
University Of Budapest ◽  
The University

At the University of Budapest at the end of the 18th century it was Dániel Cornides (1732–1787) who dealt with issues of Hungarian ancient religion, while András Dugonics (1740–1818) paid attention to various aspects of Hungarian folk poetry (tales, idiomatic phrases, proverbs) and folk customs in his lectures.  Descriptive statistics, reports of the state of affairs in various regions and ethnic groups within the country documented the ethnographic character of these areas and groups in the first half of the 19th century.  In the second half of the century professors of Hungarian literature and language investigated and discussed these topics with a comparative European perspective at universities. Ethnographic and folklore-related knowledge was disseminated by excellent professors of classical philology and oriental studies. Professors of geography (János Hunfalvy, Lajos Lóczy) played a crucial role in providing information about faraway peoples and continents at the University of Budapest. The first associate professor (Privatdozent) in ethnography was Antal Herrmann at the University of Kolozsvár (Cluj-Napoca, now Romania) in 1898. He delivered his lectures until 1918 in Kolozsvár, and between 1921 and 1926 in Szeged where the University of Cluj was relocated to. The first university department for ethnographic and folklore studies was established at the University of Szeged, where Sándor Solymossy, a scholar of comparative folkloristics, became professor.  At the University of Budapest the first department for ethnography and folklore studies was founded for professor István Györffy, who primarily studied material culture and the people of the Great Hungarian Plain.  His successors were Károly Viski (1942), then folklorist Gyula Ortutay (1946). In 1951 at the University of Budapest another department came into being for István Tálasi who was a scholar of  material culture studies and historical ethnography. The head of the ethnography and folklore department of the Hungarian University of Kolozsvár (Klausenburg, Cluj) was Károly Viski in 1940–1941, and Béla Gunda between 1943 and 1948.  At the University of Debrecen established in 1912  a number of associate professors held ethnographic and folklore lectures between 1925 and 1949 (István Ecsedi, Károly Bartha N., Tibor Mendöl, Gábor Lükő), but an autonomous department was established only in 1949, led by Béla Gunda until 1979. At the University of Szeged Sándor Bálint was appointed professor of ethnography and folklore studies in 1949, but only after 1990 became it possible to provide M. A. degrees in ethnography and folkloristics. M.A. degrees in ethnography and folkloristics have been provided at the University of Budapest since 1950, while at the University of Debrecen since 1959.  

scholarly journals The people behind the papers – Brandon Carpenter and David Katz

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. dev199456
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Histone Methylation ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
The People ◽  
Emory University ◽  
Postdoctoral Researcher

ABSTRACTA dynamic pattern of histone methylation and demethylation controls gene expression during development, with some processes such as formation of the zygote involving large-scale reprogramming of methylation states. A new paper in Development investigates how inherited histone methylation regulates developmental timing and the germline/soma distinction in Caenorhabditis elegans. To hear more about the story we caught up with first author and postdoctoral researcher Brandon Carpenter, and his supervisor David Katz, Associate Professor in the Department of Cell Biology at Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, Georgia.

Mechanisms for the coordination of intercellular calcium signaling in insulin-secreting cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Cao ◽  
G. Lin ◽  
E.M. Westphale ◽  
E.C. Beyer ◽  
T.H. Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Gap Junction ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Cytosolic Calcium ◽  
Calcium Waves ◽  
Gap Junctional Communication ◽  
Junctional Communication ◽  
Junction Protein ◽  
Insulin Secreting Cells ◽  
Gap Junction Protein ◽  
Gap Junctional

Insulin-mediated increases in cytosolic calcium are synchronized among the cells in a pancreatic islet, and result in pulsatile secretion of insulin. Pancreatic beta cells express the gap junction protein connexin43 and are functionally coupled, making gap junctional communication a likely mechanism for the synchronization of calcium transients among islet cells. To define the mechanism by which pancreatic islet cells coordinate calcium responses, we studied mechanically-induced intercellular calcium waves in the communication-deficient rat insulinoma cell line RINm5f, and in RINm5f cells transfected with the gap junction protein connexin43. Both RINm5f and RINm5f cells transfected with connexin43 propagated calcium waves that required release of calcium from intracellular stores, did not involve gap junctional communication, and appeared to be mediated by autocrine activity of secreted ATP acting on P2U purinergic receptors. Connexin43 transfectants also propagated calcium waves that required gap junctional communication and influx of extracellular calcium through voltage-gated calcium channels. Gap junction-dependent intercellular calcium waves were inhibited by preventing plasma membrane depolarization. These studies demonstrate two distinct pathways by which insulin-secreting cells can coordinate cytosolic calcium rises, and show that it is by ionic traffic that gap junctions synchronize calcium-dependent events in these cells.

scholarly journals Stimulation of Local Cytosolic Calcium Release by Photothermal Heating for Studying Intra‐ and Intercellular Calcium Waves

2021 ◽  
pp. 2008261
Author(s):  
Dingcheng Zhu ◽  
Lili Feng ◽  
Neus Feliu ◽  
Andreas H. Guse ◽  
Wolfgang J. Parak
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Release ◽  
Cytosolic Calcium ◽  
Calcium Waves ◽  
Photothermal Heating ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals The people behind the papers – Zoe Grant, Tim Thomas, Anne Voss and Leigh Coultas

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (20) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Histone Acetyltransferase ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Sprouting Angiogenesis ◽  
The People ◽  
Eliza Hall Institute ◽  
Hall Institute ◽  
Development Manager

Abstract The histone acetyltransferase HBO1 (KAT1) is required for histone H3 lysine 14 acetylation, which is crucial for embryonic development. A new paper in Development reveals that, in the vascular system, HBO1 is required in endothelial cells for sprouting angiogenesis regulation. To hear more about the story, we caught up with first author Zoe Grant and senior authors Professor Anne Voss, Associate Professor Tim Thomas and Leigh Coultas, Business Development Manager, from the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI), Australia.

Patterns of free calcium in multicellular stages of Dictyostelium expressing jellyfish apoaequorin

Development ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 121 (8) ◽  
pp. 2291-2301 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Cubitt ◽  
R.A. Firtel ◽  
G. Fischer ◽  
L.F. Jaffe ◽  
A.L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Doubling Time ◽  
Cytosolic Calcium ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Calcium Waves ◽  
Calcium Spikes ◽  
Multicellular Development ◽  
Previous Evidence ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
High Calcium

To examine the patterns of high free cytosolic calcium or [Ca2+]i during Dictyostelium's development, we expressed apoaequorin in D. discoideum, reconstituted aequorin and observed the resultant patterns of calcium-dependent luminescence. Specific, high calcium zones are seen throughout normal multicellular development and are roughly coincident with those regions that later differentiate into stalk or stalk-like cells. A slug, for example, shows a primary high calcium zone within its front quarter and a secondary one around its tail; while a mound shows such a zone around the periphery of its base. Combined with previous evidence, our findings support the hypothesis that high [Ca2+]i feeds back to favor the stalk pathway. We also discovered several high calcium zones within the mound's base that do not coincide with any known prepatterns in D. discoideum. These include two, relatively persistent, antipodal strips along the mound's periphery. These various persistent zones of high calcium are largely made up of frequent, 10 to 30 second long, semiperiodic calcium spikes. Each of these spikes generates a correspondingly short-lived, 200 to 500 microns long, high calcium band which extends along the nearby surface. Similar, but relatively large and infrequent, spikes generate cross bands which extend across migrating slugs and just behind their advancing tips as well as across the peripheries of rotating mounds and midway between their antipodal strips. Moreover, calcium has a doubling time of about a second as various spikes rise. This last observation suggests that the calcium bands seen in Dictyostelium may be generated by so-called fast calcium waves.

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