Interkinetic nuclear migration during the early stages of lens formation in the chicken embryo

Development ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
Johan Zwaan ◽  
Phillips R. Bryan ◽  
Thomas L. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Contact Period ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody Technique ◽  
Lens Protein ◽  
Surface Ectoderm ◽  
Antibody Technique ◽  
Lens Formation ◽  
Lens Placode

The optic vesicle in the chicken embryo, after growing out sufficiently to establish contact with the overlying ectoderm, adheres very firmly to the latter for a period of 12–15 h (McKeehan, 1951). Within the area of adhesion the surface ectoderm is transformed into a lens placode under influence of the developing retina. Little is known about the biochemical changes involved in this tissue transformation. Langman (1959) and Langman & Maisel (1962) found a cytotoxic effect of lens protein antisera and specific α-crystallin antibodies on presumptive lens cells shortly after induction had started but before the first morphological changes characteristic for the lens placode were visible. They concluded that the synthesis of α-crystallin might be a prerequisite for lens placode formation. Recent studies with the fluorescent antibody technique, however, indicate that the first crystallins are not produced until the very end of the contact period (Zwaan & Ikeda, 1965,1968; Ikeda & Zwaan, 1966).

Rapid quantification and in situ detection of nitrifying bacteria in biofilms by monoclonal antibody method

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Noda ◽  
H. Ikuta ◽  
Y. Ebie ◽  
A. Hirata ◽  
S. Tsuneda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody Technique ◽  
Antibody Technique ◽  
Antibody Method ◽  
In Situ Detection ◽  
Rapid Quantification

Fluorescent antibody technique by the monoclonal antibody method is very useful and helpful for the rapid quantification and in situ detection of the specific bacteria like nitrifiers in a mixed baxterial habitat such as a biofilm. In this study, twelve monoclonal antibodies against Nitrosomonas europaea (IFO14298) and sixteen against Nitrobacter winogradskyi (IFO14297) were raised from splenocytes of mice (BALB/c). It was found that these antibodies exhibited little cross reactivity against various kinds of heterotrophic bacteria. The direct cell count method using monoclonal antibodies could exactly detect and rapidly quantify N. europaea and N. winogradskyi. Moreover, the distribution of N. europaea and N. winogradskyi in a biofilm could be examined by in situ fluorescent antibody technique. It was shown that most of N. winogradskyi existed near the surface part and most of N. europaea existed at the inner part of the polyethylene glycol (PEG) gel pellet, which had entrapped activated sludge and used in a landfill leachate treatment reactor. It was suggested that this monoclonal antibody method was utilized for estimating and controlling the population of nitrifying bacteria as a quick and favorable tool.

Rubella Antibodies in Human Serum: Detection by the Indirect Fluorescent-Antibody Technique

Science ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 145 (3635) ◽  
pp. 943-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Brown ◽  
H. F. Maassab ◽  
J. A. Veronelli ◽  
T. J. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody Technique ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Technique ◽  
Serum Detection

scholarly journals LOCALIZATION OF UROMUCOID IN HUMAN KIDNEY AND IN SECTIONS OF HUMAN KIDNEY STONE WITH THE FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE

1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. KEUTEL
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody Technique ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Antibody Technique ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The Common

Fluorescent labeled antibodies were used for the demonstration of uromucoid. This urine specific mucoprotein is demonstrably present only in the epithelial cells of the proximal segments of the normal human renal tubules and in the matrix of human kidney stones of all the common crystalline compositions.

scholarly journals Further Investigations of the Section Preparation for the Fluorescent Antibody Technique

1963 ◽  
Vol 1963 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
M. SHIMAZAKI ◽  
G. UEDA ◽  
H. MUKÔBAYASHI ◽  
J. SHIRAKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody Technique ◽  
Antibody Technique

The upstream ectoderm enhancer in Pax6 has an important role in lens induction

Development ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 4415-4424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia V. Dimanlig ◽  
Sonya C. Faber ◽  
Woytek Auerbach ◽  
Helen P. Makarenkova ◽  
Richard A. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Control Element ◽  
Pax6 Gene ◽  
Pax6 Expression ◽  
Surface Ectoderm ◽  
Targeted Deletion ◽  
Lens Vesicle ◽  
Normal Lens ◽  
Lens Formation ◽  
Lens Placode

The Pax6 gene has a central role in development of the eye. We show, through targeted deletion in the mouse, that an ectoderm enhancer in the Pax6 gene is required for normal lens formation. Ectoderm enhancer-deficient embryos exhibit distinctive defects at every stage of lens development. These include a thinner lens placode, reduced placodal cell proliferation, and a small lens pit and lens vesicle. In addition, the lens vesicle fails to separate from the surface ectoderm and the maturing lens is smaller and shows a delay in fiber cell differentiation. Interestingly, deletion of the ectoderm enhancer does not eliminate Pax6 production in the lens placode but results in a diminished level that, in central sections, is apparent primarily on the nasal side. This argues that Pax6 expression in the lens placode is controlled by the ectoderm enhancer and at least one other transcriptional control element. It also suggests that Pax6 enhancers active in the lens placode drive expression in distinct subdomains, an assertion that is supported by the expression pattern of a lacZ reporter transgene driven by the ectoderm enhancer. Interestingly, deletion of the ectoderm enhancer causes loss of expression of Foxe3, a transcription factor gene mutated in the dysgenetic lens mouse. When combined, these data and previously published work allow us to assemble a more complete genetic pathway describing lens induction. This pathway features (1) a pre-placodal phase of Pax6 expression that is required for the activity of multiple, downstream Pax6 enhancers; (2) a later, placodal phase of Pax6 expression regulated by multiple enhancers; and (3) the Foxe3 gene in a downstream position. This pathway forms a basis for future analysis of lens induction mechanism.

scholarly journals THE HISTOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF BLOOD GROUP SUBSTANCES A AND B IN MAN

1960 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aron E. Szulman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody Technique ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Specific Staining ◽  
Antibody Technique ◽  
Secretor Status

The mapping out of the histologic distribution of blood group antigens A and B in human tissues was performed by means of the fluorescent antibody technique. Human hyperimmune sera were conjugated with fluorescein isocyanate and applied to frozen sections of human material obtained at autopsy or after surgical removal. The material examined encompassed A, B, and AB subjects. In the latter the anti-A and the anti-B conjugate elicited the same picture. Group O tissues were used for controls and were uniformly negative. The secretor status of subjects was determined from the saliva or by the Lewis typing of erythrocytes. The results fall into the following main divisions: Endothelia of Vessels.—Widespread localization was demonstrated in the cell walls of endothelium of capillaries, veins, arteries, and of sinusoidal cells of spleen. Stratified Epithelia.—These showed good outlining of cells of the Malpighian (and the granular, when present) layers. In transitional epithelia, cells of the basal and contiguous layers gave specific staining. Mucus-Secreting Apparatus.—Positive staining was obtained in glands, goblet cells, and secreting surface epithelia. In non-secretors there was no identifiable antigen with the important exception of the deeper parts of gastric foveolae, deeper parts of crypts of Lieberkühn of bowel mucosa and Brunner's glands of the duodenum. Various Organs of Secretion and Excretion.—The pancreas (exocrine portion) and the sweat glands were found to produce the antigen irrespectively of secretor status. Breast, prostate, and endometrial glands on the other hand apparently secrete the antigen in conformity with the subject's secretor:non-secretor make-up. Thus the secretor:non-secretor status governs principally the antigens associated with mucous secretions and this in most but not all locations. The possible nature of this control is briefly discussed.

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