scholarly journals The effects of depth, temperature and food ingestion on the foraging energetics of a diving endotherm, the double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)

2006 ◽  
Vol 209 (5) ◽  
pp. 845-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Enstipp
Keyword(s):  
Phalacrocorax Auritus ◽  
Food Ingestion ◽  
Foraging Energetics

Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian S. Dorr ◽  
Jeremy J. Hatch ◽  
D. V. Weseloh
Keyword(s):  
Phalacrocorax Auritus

scholarly journals On the modulation and maintenance of hibernation in captive dwarf lemurs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina B. Blanco ◽  
Lydia K. Greene ◽  
Robert Schopler ◽  
Cathy V. Williams ◽  
Danielle Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Restriction ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Biological Rhythms ◽  
Food Ingestion ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Cheirogaleus Medius ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Metabolic Strategies

AbstractIn nature, photoperiod signals environmental seasonality and is a strong selective “zeitgeber” that synchronizes biological rhythms. For animals facing seasonal environmental challenges and energetic bottlenecks, daily torpor and hibernation are two metabolic strategies that can save energy. In the wild, the dwarf lemurs of Madagascar are obligate hibernators, hibernating between 3 and 7 months a year. In captivity, however, dwarf lemurs generally express torpor for periods far shorter than the hibernation season in Madagascar. We investigated whether fat-tailed dwarf lemurs (Cheirogaleus medius) housed at the Duke Lemur Center (DLC) could hibernate, by subjecting 8 individuals to husbandry conditions more in accord with those in Madagascar, including alternating photoperiods, low ambient temperatures, and food restriction. All dwarf lemurs displayed daily and multiday torpor bouts, including bouts lasting ~ 11 days. Ambient temperature was the greatest predictor of torpor bout duration, and food ingestion and night length also played a role. Unlike their wild counterparts, who rarely leave their hibernacula and do not feed during hibernation, DLC dwarf lemurs sporadically moved and ate. While demonstrating that captive dwarf lemurs are physiologically capable of hibernation, we argue that facilitating their hibernation serves both husbandry and research goals: first, it enables lemurs to express the biphasic phenotypes (fattening and fat depletion) that are characteristic of their wild conspecifics; second, by “renaturalizing” dwarf lemurs in captivity, they will emerge a better model for understanding both metabolic extremes in primates generally and metabolic disorders in humans specifically.

scholarly journals Stability in a Simple Food Chain System with Michaelis-Menten Functional Response and Nonlocal Delays

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Wenzhen Gan ◽  
Canrong Tian ◽  
Qunying Zhang ◽  
Zhigui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Functional Response ◽  
Neumann Boundary Condition ◽  
Lyapunov Functional ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Neumann Boundary ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Food Ingestion ◽  
Nonlocal Delay ◽  
Homogeneous Neumann Boundary Condition

This paper is concerned with the asymptotical behavior of solutions to the reaction-diffusion system under homogeneous Neumann boundary condition. By taking food ingestion and species' moving into account, the model is further coupled with Michaelis-Menten type functional response and nonlocal delay. Sufficient conditions are derived for the global stability of the positive steady state and the semitrivial steady state of the proposed problem by using the Lyapunov functional. Our results show that intraspecific competition benefits the coexistence of prey and predator. Furthermore, the introduction of Michaelis-Menten type functional response positively affects the coexistence of prey and predator, and the nonlocal delay is harmless for stabilities of all nonnegative steady states of the system. Numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the main results.

scholarly journals A River Otter's, Lontra canadensis, Capture of a Double-crested Cormorant, Phalacrocorax auritus, in British Columbia's Gulf Island Waters

2007 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Michael H. H. Price ◽  
Clare E. Aries
Keyword(s):  
Lontra Canadensis ◽  
Phalacrocorax Auritus ◽  
River Otter ◽  
Freshwater Lakes ◽  
Marine Bird ◽  
River Otters

Direct and apparent predation events by River Otters (Lontra canadensis) on birds have been recorded on marine islands and freshwater lakes. We add to this the first known observation of a River Otter capturing a marine bird on the ocean.

The relationship between fasting and postprandial levels of gastrointestinal hormones and characteristics of gastric emptying after food ingestion in different phases of the migrating motor complex

1995 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. A675
Author(s):  
L. Rasmussen ◽  
E. Øster-Jørgensen ◽  
N. Qvist ◽  
J.J. Holst ◽  
J. Rehfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormones ◽  
Migrating Motor Complex ◽  
Food Ingestion ◽  
Motor Complex ◽  
The Relationship

D 011 Breakfast Skipping, Having Dinner as the Main Meal as well as High Food Ingestion at Weekends Raise the Risk of Central Obesity

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
CC Silva ◽  
CM Gracia ◽  
RP Costa ◽  
LS Piegas ◽  
IC Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Central Obesity ◽  
Food Ingestion ◽  
High Food ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Main Meal

scholarly journals A distinct cardiopharyngeal mesoderm genetic hierarchy establishes antero-posterior patterning of esophagus striated muscle

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenda Comai ◽  
Eglantine Heude ◽  
Sebastian Mella ◽  
Sylvain Paisant ◽  
Francesca Pala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Striated Muscles ◽  
Food Ingestion ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Posterior Migration ◽  
Functional Relevance ◽  
Genetic Signatures ◽  
Genetic Hierarchy

In most vertebrates, the upper digestive tract is composed of muscularized jaws linked to the esophagus that permits food ingestion and swallowing. Masticatory and esophagus striated muscles (ESM) share a common cardiopharyngeal mesoderm (CPM) origin, however ESM are unusual among striated muscles as they are established in the absence of a primary skeletal muscle scaffold. Using mouse chimeras, we show that the transcription factors Tbx1 and Isl1 are required cell-autonomously for myogenic specification of ESM progenitors. Further, genetic loss-of-function and pharmacological studies point to MET/HGF signaling for antero-posterior migration of esophagus muscle progenitors, where Hgf ligand is expressed in adjacent smooth muscle cells. These observations highlight the functional relevance of a smooth and striated muscle progenitor dialogue for ESM patterning. Our findings establish a Tbx1-Isl1-Met genetic hierarchy that uniquely regulates esophagus myogenesis and identify distinct genetic signatures that can be used as framework to interpret pathologies arising within CPM derivatives.

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