PARADOX OF UV VISION IN RAPTORS RESOLVED

Stomatopod crustaceans have among the most complex eyes in the animal kingdom, with up to twelve different color detection channels. The capabilities of these unique eyes include photoreception of ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths (<400 nm). UV vision has been well characterized in adult stomatopods but has not been previously demonstrated in the comparatively simpler larval eye. Larval stomatopod eyes are developmentally distinct from their adult counterpart and have been described as lacking the visual pigment diversity and morphological specializations found in adult eyes. However, recent studies have provided evidence that larval stomatopod eyes are more complex than previously thought and warrant closer investigation. Using electroretinogram recordings in live animals we found physiological evidence of blue and UV sensitive photoreceptors in larvae of the Caribbean stomatopod species Neogonodactylus oerstedii. Transcriptomes of individual larvae were used to identify the expression of three distinct UV opsins transcripts, which may indicate the presence of multiple UV spectral channels. This is the first paper to document UV vision in any larval stomatopod, expanding our understanding of the importance of UV sensitivity in plankton. Similar to adults, larval stomatopod eyes are more complex than expected and contain previously uncharacterized molecular diversity and physiological functions.

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Behavioural evidence for polychromatic ultraviolet sensitivity in mantis shrimp

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2018.1384 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 285 (1884) ◽

pp. 20181384 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Michael J. Bok ◽

Nicholas W. Roberts ◽

Thomas W. Cronin

Keyword(s):

Narrow Band ◽

Visible Range ◽

Mantis Shrimp ◽

Visual Systems ◽

Uv Vision ◽

Wavelength Discrimination ◽

Behavioural Experiments ◽

Polarization Detection ◽

Behavioural Evidence ◽

Uv Range

Stomatopod crustaceans are renowned for their elaborate visual systems. Their eyes contain a plethora of photoreceptors specialized for chromatic and polarization detection, including several that are sensitive to varying wavelength ranges and angles of polarization within the ultraviolet (UV) range (less than 400 nm). Behavioural experiments have previously suggested that UV photoreception plays a role in stomatopod communication, but these experiments have only manipulated the entire UV range. Here, using a behavioural approach, we examine UV vision in the stomatopod Haptosquilla trispinosa . Using binary trained choice assays as well as innate burrow-choice experiments, we assessed the ability of H. trispinosa to detect and respond to narrow-band LED stimuli peaking near 314 nm (UVB) versus 379 nm (UVA) in wavelength. We find that H. trispinosa can discriminate these stimuli and appears to display an aversive reaction to UVB light, suggesting segregated behavioural responses to stimuli within the UV range. Furthermore, we find that H. trispinosa can discriminate stimuli peaking near 379 nm versus 351 nm in wavelength, suggesting that their wavelength discrimination in the UV is comparable to their performance in the human-visible range.

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For My Eyes Only

Secret Worlds ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198813675.003.0003 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 53-84

Author(s):

Martin Stevens

Keyword(s):

Visual Processing ◽

Colour Vision ◽

Green Light ◽

Light Spectrum ◽

Colour Perception ◽

Mantis Shrimp ◽

Uv Vision ◽

Different Dimensions ◽

Different Parts ◽

Polarisation Vision

This chapter explores how vision is used by animals and the diversity in ways of seeing. It first details how colour vision works, focusing on the example of honeybees, which, like humans, are trichromatic and have good colour vision. Bees have a dedicated ultraviolet (UV) receptor, and then one for seeing shortwave (blue) and mediumwave (green) light. Other animals deviate more substantially, in that they have either more or fewer receptors used in colour vision, and hence different ‘dimensions’ of colour perception. The chapter then considers how jumping spiders use UV vision in identifying known or suitable prey species, as well as in mating. It also looks at polarisation vision in mantis shrimp. Mantis shrimp are bizarre in the number of receptors they have, each sensitive to different parts of the light spectrum. Finally, the chapter assesses how toads recognize prey from non-prey. The toad’s visual system acts as a ‘feature detector’ based on several stages of visual processing, producing a quick and appropriate response to a set of criteria that reliably encode objects of particular importance—in this case, food.

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The Detection of Near-Ultraviolet Light by Nonmigratory and Migratory Birds

The Auk ◽

10.1093/auk/101.1.53 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 101 (1) ◽

pp. 53-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

John W. Parrish ◽

James A. Ptacek ◽

Kevin L. Will

Keyword(s):

Migratory Birds ◽

Uv Light ◽

Mate Recognition ◽

Insectivorous Birds ◽

Uv Spectrum ◽

Near Ultraviolet ◽

Ultraviolet Reflectance ◽

Uv Reflectance ◽

Uv Vision ◽

First Time

Abstract Near-ultraviolet (UV) light reception was demonstrated for the first time in three species of nonmigratory emberizid and passerid birds. Behavioral data also established that eight additional alcedinid and emberizid birds can detect near-UV wavelengths. The finding that these more recently evolved species can see near-UV light implies that near-UV vision is probably an important visual capability in most, if not all, diurnal birds. Although the utility of near-UV reception for birds remains equivocal, the fact that nonmigratory as well as migratory birds can perceive UV suggests that birds may be able to utilize the UV spectrum for homing, orientation, and navigation, as do the UV-sensitive arthropods. It also can be inferred that UV vision may be especially useful to insectivorous birds for the detection of UV reflectance patterns, which many otherwise cryptic arthropods possess for mate recognition. Ultraviolet reflectance patterns also may be useful to frugivorous and nectarivorous birds for the detection of food items.

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Detection of Water Contamination Events Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Alternating Trilinear Decomposition Algorithm

Journal of Spectroscopy ◽

10.1155/2017/1485048 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jie Yu ◽

Xiaoyan Zhang ◽

Dibo Hou ◽

Fang Chen ◽

Tingting Mao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Contamination ◽

Fluorescence Spectra ◽

Interpolation Method ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Trilinear Decomposition ◽

Residual Matrix ◽

Uv Vision ◽

Alternating Trilinear Decomposition ◽

Contamination Events

The method based on conventional index and UV-vision has been widely applied in the field of water quality abnormality detection. This paper presents a qualitative analysis approach to detect the water contamination events with unknown pollutants. Fluorescence spectra were used as water quality monitoring tools, and the detection method of unknown contaminants in water based on alternating trilinear decomposition (ATLD) is proposed to analyze the excitation and emission spectra of the samples. The Delaunay triangulation interpolation method was used to make the pretreatment of three-dimensional fluorescence spectra data, in order to estimate the effect of Rayleigh and Raman scattering; ATLD model was applied to establish the model of normal water sample, and the residual matrix was obtained by subtracting the measured matrix from the model matrix; the residual sum of squares obtained from the residual matrix and threshold was used to make qualitative discrimination of test samples and distinguish drinking water samples and organic pollutant samples. The results of the study indicate that ATLD modeling with three-dimensional fluorescence spectra can provide a tool for detecting unknown organic pollutants in water qualitatively. The method based on fluorescence spectra can be complementary to the method based on conventional index and UV-vision.

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Reindeer gained UV vision after moving to the Arctic

The New Scientist ◽

10.1016/s0262-4079(11)61294-3 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 210 (2815) ◽

pp. 20

Keyword(s):

The Arctic ◽

Uv Vision

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UV wavelengths experienced during development affect larval newt visual sensitivity and predation efficiency

Biology Letters ◽

10.1098/rsbl.2015.0954 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 20150954 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mélissa Martin ◽

Marc Théry ◽

Gwendolen Rodgers ◽

Delphine Goven ◽

Stéphane Sourice ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Developmental Plasticity ◽

Uv Light ◽

Photoreceptor Cells ◽

Visual Sensitivity ◽

Opsin Gene ◽

Testing Environment ◽

Smooth Newt ◽

Lissotriton Vulgaris ◽

Predation Efficiency ◽

Uv Vision

We experimentally investigated the influence of developmental plasticity of ultraviolet (UV) visual sensitivity on predation efficiency of the larval smooth newt, Lissotriton vulgaris . We quantified expression of SWS1 opsin gene (UV-sensitive protein of photoreceptor cells) in the retinas of individuals who had developed in the presence (UV+) or absence (UV−) of UV light (developmental treatments), and tested their predation efficiency under UV+ and UV− light (testing treatments). We found that both SWS1 opsin expression and predation efficiency were significantly reduced in the UV− developmental group. Larvae in the UV− testing environment displayed consistently lower predation efficiency regardless of their developmental treatment. These results prove for the first time, we believe, functional UV vision and developmental plasticity of UV sensitivity in an amphibian at the larval stage. They also demonstrate that UV wavelengths enhance predation efficiency and suggest that the magnitude of the behavioural response depends on retinal properties induced by the developmental lighting environment.

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