The Effect of Dietary Protein on Protein Metabolism and Performance in Endurance-trained Males

All human tissues are in a constant state of remodelling, regulated by the balance between tissue protein synthesis and breakdown rates. It has been well-established that protein ingestion stimulates skeletal muscle and whole-body protein synthesis. Stable isotope-labelled amino acid methodologies are commonly applied to assess the various aspects of protein metabolism in vivo in human subjects. However, to achieve a more comprehensive assessment of post-prandial protein handling in vivo in human subjects, intravenous stable isotope-labelled amino acid infusions can be combined with the ingestion of intrinsically labelled protein and the collection of blood and muscle tissue samples. The combined application of ingesting intrinsically labelled protein with continuous intravenous stable isotope-labelled amino acid infusion allows the simultaneous assessment of protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics (e.g. release of dietary protein-derived amino acids into the circulation), whole-body protein metabolism (whole-body protein synthesis, breakdown and oxidation rates and net protein balance) and skeletal muscle metabolism (muscle protein fractional synthesis rates and dietary protein-derived amino acid incorporation into muscle protein). The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the various aspects of post-prandial protein handling and metabolism with a focus on insights obtained from studies that have applied intrinsically labelled protein under a variety of conditions in different populations.

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The concerted effects of thyroid function and dietary protein on growth and protein metabolism in mice at different growth stages.

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology ◽

10.3177/jnsv.30.235 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 235-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kunioki HAYASHI ◽

Yukio AKIBA ◽

Yuichiro TOMITA ◽

Tatsuro MATSUMOTO

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Function ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Metabolism ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Different Growth Stages

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Dietary protein restriction alters glucose but not protein metabolism in non—insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Metabolism ◽

10.1016/s0026-0495(98)90291-8 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 47 (9) ◽

pp. 1145-1151 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

L.John Hoffer ◽

Arlene Taveroff ◽

Mazen J. Hamadeh

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Metabolism ◽

Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Protein Restriction ◽

Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽

Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Dietary Protein Restriction ◽

Insulin Dependent

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Whey Protein Supplementation Enhances Whole Body Protein Metabolism and Performance Recovery after Resistance Exercise: A Double-Blind Crossover Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu9070735 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 735 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Daniel West ◽

Sidney Abou Sawan ◽

Michael Mazzulla ◽

Eric Williamson ◽

Daniel Moore

Keyword(s):

Crossover Study ◽

Protein Metabolism ◽

Protein Supplementation ◽

Whole Body ◽

Double Blind ◽

Body Protein ◽

Performance Recovery ◽

And Performance ◽

Blind Crossover Study ◽

Double Blind Crossover Study

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The impact of Hayward green kiwifruit on dietary protein digestion and protein metabolism

European Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1007/s00394-020-02363-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sanghee Park ◽

David D. Church ◽

Carlene Starck ◽

Scott E. Schutzler ◽

Gohar Azhar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Metabolism ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Whole Body ◽

Protein Digestion ◽

Body Protein ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact ◽

Green Kiwifruit

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the study was to determine if an actinidin protease aids gastric digestion and the protein anabolic response to dietary protein. Methods Hayward green kiwifruit (containing an actinidin protease) and Hort 16A gold kiwifruit (devoid of actinidin protease) were given in conjunction with a beef meal to healthy older subjects. Twelve healthy older males (N = 6) and females (N = 6) were studied with a randomized, double-blinded, crossover design to assess muscle and whole-body protein metabolism before and after ingestion of kiwifruit and 100 g of ground beef. Subjects consumed 2 of each variety of kiwifruit daily for 14 d prior to each metabolic study, and again during each study with beef intake. Results Hayward green kiwifruit consumption with beef resulted in a more rapid increase in peripheral plasma essential amino acid concentrations. There were significant time by kiwifruit intake interactions for plasma concentrations of EAAs, branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), and leucine (P < 0.01). However, there was no difference in the total amount of EAAs absorbed. As a result, there were no differences between kiwifruit in any of the measured parameters of protein kinetics. Conclusion Consumption of Hayward green kiwifruit, with a beef meal facilitates protein digestion and absorption of the constituent amino acids as compared to Hort 16A gold kiwifruit. Clinical trial NCT04356573, April 21, 2020 “retrospectively registered”.

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