scholarly journals Social Learning with Costly Search

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Mueller-Frank ◽  
Mallesh M. Pai
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Discount Rate ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Search Costs ◽  
Social Optimum ◽  
Linear Rate ◽  
The Social

We study a sequential social learning model where agents privately acquire information by costly search. Search costs of agents are private, and are independently and identically distributed. We show that asymptotic learning occurs if and only if search costs are not bounded away from zero. We explicitly characterize equilibria for the case of two actions, and show that the probability of late moving agents taking the suboptimal action vanishes at a linear rate. Social welfare converges to the social optimum as the discount rate converges to one if and only if search costs are not bounded away from zero. (JEL D81, D83)

London's Congestion Charge

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
David Besanko ◽  
Johannes Horner ◽  
Ed Kalletta
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Social Optimum ◽  
Deadweight Loss ◽  
Sufficient Data ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Congestion Charge ◽  
The Social

Describes the events leading up to the imposition of the London congestion charge. Views about the congestion charge, both pro and con, are presented. Also discusses, in general terms, the economics of traffic congestion, pointing out that an unregulated market for driving will not reach the social optimum. Contains sufficient data to estimate the deadweight loss in an unregulated market and the reduction of the deadweight loss due to the imposition of the congestion charge in 2003.To provide a good illustration of how an unregulated market with negative externalities can lead to an overprovision of a good (in this case driving). Also, to show how an externality tax (in this case, London's congestion charge) can lead to an improvement in social welfare.

scholarly journals A Study of an Architecture Design Learning Process Based on Social Learning, Course Teaching, Interaction, and Analogical Thinking

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Wu Wu ◽  
Chang-Fah Huang ◽  
Kuo-Hua Weng
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Architecture Design ◽  
Analogical Thinking ◽  
Design Learning ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Knowledge

The students in the vocational education of architecture design in Taiwan often face many learning obstacles, such as no problem solving ability and lack of creativity. Therefore, this study used a social learning model as a learning strategy in the architecture design learning process to solve related learning difficulties. Firstly, this study used cognitive development teaching activities and a learning process based on analogical thinking and analogical reasoning to build the social learning model. Secondly, the social learning model of this study was implemented in the teaching of a required course of architecture design for 120 freshmen in China University of Technology. The questionnaire survey results were then statically analyzed and compared to measure the differences in the students’ knowledge about architecture designs before and after the teaching in this study. In this study, the social learning model is proven helpful in inspiring the students’ creativity by converting new knowledge of architecture design into schemas and hence retaining the new knowledge for future application. The social learning model can be applied in the teaching of architecture design in other schools, while more research can be conducted in the future to further confirm its feasibility to promote effective learning.

scholarly journals The Influence of Parental Perfectionism and Parenting Styles on Child Perfectionism

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Cláudia Carmo ◽  
Diana Oliveira ◽  
Marta Brás ◽  
Luís Faísca
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Perceived Parenting ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting ◽  
The Social

Perfectionism is a significant transdiagnostic process related to the development and maintenance of several psychological disorders. The main models of the development of perfectionism focus on early childhood experiences and postulate that parental relation is an important factor for understanding this construct in children. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between child and parental perfectionism, seeking to evaluate the empirical support of the Social Learning Model and the Social Expectations Model and children’s perception of parenting styles. The present study included 119 children (51.2% girls, Mage = 11.67 years) and their parents. Data were collected through administration of several self-report measures. The results show a relationship between the majority of the same parent and child perfectionism dimensions, thus providing supportive evidence for the Social Learning Model. Concerning the analysis of the role of gender in the transmission of perfectionism, observed fathers’ perfectionism only relates with the sons’ perfectionism, and mothers’ perfectionism relates with daughters’ perfectionism. Our findings allow for a deeper understanding of the role of the perception of an authoritarian parenting style in the development of maladaptive perfectionism. Mother and fathers’ perceived parenting styles contribute more to daughter than son perfectionism. The results contribute to expanding the understanding of the role of parental factors in the development of perfectionism.

The origins of perfectionism in elite junior sport: Examining the Social Learning Model

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Appleton ◽  
Howard K. Hall ◽  
Andrew P. Hill ◽  
Stephen A. Kozub
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals The Trouble with “Gender” in Latvia: Europeanisation Through the Prism of the Istanbul Convention

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-139
Author(s):  
Elizabete Vizgunova ◽  
Elīna Graudiņa
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
The Social ◽  
European Values ◽  
Issue Frames ◽  
External Incentives ◽  
Istanbul Convention ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe article analyses the dynamics of Europeanisation revolving around the ratification of the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul Convention) in Latvia. Whereas the document has not yet been made a part of EU acquis communautaire, the EU has committed to applying the norms enshrined in the Convention by any means, not least through the EU Gender Equality Strategy 2020-2025. The discussion on the repercussions of the implementation of the Istanbul Convention in Latvia’s legislation has occupied a noteworthy place in the discussions of the national parliament of Latvia (Saeima) since 2016. The article first uses critical frame analysis and defines the most important issue frames, document frames and metaframes that are employed by different political parties/politicians and Ministries/Ministers when talking about the Istanbul Convention to promote or refuse the ratification of the document. The article shows how the camps for and against the ratification draw on different and often opposing issues, documents, and meta-frames to substantiate their arguments. Next the article applies two models of Europeanisation: the external incentives model and the social learning model. The article concludes that the social learning model is better positioned to explain the non-ratification of the Convention, mostly due to exclusive national identity and the lack of resonance of the Convention in Latvia. Whereas some liberal-centre political parties are framing the ratification of the Istanbul Convention as aligned with Latvia’s commitment to European values, the framing by national-conservative players which argues that the Istanbul Convention is not in line with Christian values, has borne more fruit.

Time flies when chatting online: a social structure and social learning model to understand excessive use of mobile instant messaging

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuang Wang ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Matthew K.O. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Perceived Interactivity ◽  
Learning Factors

PurposeWidespread concerns about excessive use of mobile instant messaging (MIM) have inspired research in different disciplines. However, the focus thus far tends to be on diagnostics and cognitive predictors. There is little understanding from the socio-technical perspective to capture the drivers of excessive use of MIM. To address this research gap, the authors aim to enrich existing literature by adopting a social structure and social learning model (SSSLM) to understand the excessive use of MIM. The authors argue that excessive MIM use is developed and reinforced in highly interactive online communication, through a social learning process.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conduct a cross-sectional online survey to validate our proposed research model on excessive use of mobile instant messaging (MIM). 368 valid responses are obtained from active MIM users in China.FindingsThe results suggest that highly interactive MIM creates a technology-based social structure that facilitates the social learning process of excessive technology use. The influence of perceived interactivity of MIM on excessive MIM use is mediated by a series of contextualized social learning factors. Furthermore, the influences of perceived interactivity on social learning factors are moderated by MIM use experience.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to literature in related fields by highlighting the crucial role of social learning in facilitating excessive technology use. The authors contribute to the social structure and social learning model by contextualizing it into the context of excessive MIM use. Design guidelines are provided with a purpose to inhibit excessive use of MIM.

scholarly journals Social Welfare and Cost Recovery in Two-Sided Markets

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilko Bolt ◽  
Alexander F. Tieman
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Cost Recovery ◽  
Social Optimum ◽  
Social Planner ◽  
The Social ◽  
Positive Externality ◽  
Antitrust Regulation ◽  
Recovery Problem ◽  
Total Price ◽  
Two Sided Markets

Using a simple model of two-sided markets, we show that, in the social optimum, platform pricing leads to an inherent cost recovery problem. This result is driven by the positive externality of participation that users on either side of the market exert on the opposite side. The contribution of this positive externality to social welfare leads the social planner to increase users' participation by setting prices at both sides of the market such that the total price is below marginal cost. Our result holds for both interior pricing and skewed pricing in two-sided markets. These findings may have interesting consequences for antitrust regulation.

scholarly journals Understanding Innovation for Sustainability within the Australian Building Industry: An Evolutionary Social Learning Model

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Binder
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Organizational Relationships ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
The Social ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Sustainable Building Materials

This paper argues that within the context of the building sector, inter-organizational relationships are determinants of innovation. To explain the workings of these relationships and their dialectical nature, an evolutionary social learning model is proposed that draws on Vygotsky's (1978) developmental psychology, Bourdieu's (1977) concept of habitus, and Wittgenstein's (1958) insights. A case study of the development of a tool designed to make builders select more sustainable building materials is analyzed to illustrate how the social learning model developed here allows an understanding of innovation. The “EcoSelector” was the tool developed to guide the builders in their selection of materials. The model provides managerial and behavioral insights into groups or individuals seeking to implement innovations in general, and sustainability innovations in particular.

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