Studies on Tyzzer's Disease: Acquired Immunity Against Infection and Activation of Infection by Immunosuppressive Treatment

1979 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Schaich Fries
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Persistent Infection ◽  
Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Challenge Infection ◽  
Acquired Immunity ◽  
Serum Antibody Titre ◽  
Resistance To Infection ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody

Summary The correlation between serum antibody titre and resistance to challenge infection with Bacillus piliformis was studied in naturally infected mice, in experimentally infected but recovered mice, and in mice treated with antigen prepared from infected livers. Irrespective of the way in which the antibodies were acquired resistance to infection was found to be related to the immunofluorescence antibody titre found. Experimentally infected but recovered mice, as well as rats with persistent antibodies to Bacillus piliformis, were given prednisolone in order to activate a possible persistent infection. Bacillus piliformis was detected in the rats, but not in the mice.

Effects of prednisolone on murine strongyloidiasis

Parasitology ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. I. Grove ◽  
H. J. S. Dawkins
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Acquired Immunity ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Prednisolone Treatment ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Spontaneous Expulsion ◽  
C3h Mice ◽  
Resistance To Infection

SUMMARYThe effects of prednisolone were investigated in C57B1/6 mice infected with Strongyloides ratti. In primary infections, the numbers of adult worms in the small intestine and larvae in the stools were increased and there was a slight delay in the spontaneous expulsion of worms. In secondary infections, there was an initial suppression of acquired resistance, with larvae appearing normally in the stools on the 5th day after infection. This was followed, however, by a rapid development of resistance and expulsion of worms over the next few days. Prednisolone treatment did not alter fecundity in primary or secondary infections. There was no evidence of autoinfection in control or corticosteroid-treated animals. Prednisolone abrogated innate resistance to infection in C3H mice. It is concluded that prednisolone probably facilitated infection by non-specific mechanisms as well as by suppressing specific acquired immunity.

scholarly journals A graded-dose study of inactivated, surface antigen influenza B vaccine in volunteers: reactogenicity, antibody response and protection to challenge virus infection

1983 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Goodeve ◽  
C. W. Potter ◽  
A. Clark ◽  
R. Jennings ◽  
G. C. Schild ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Challenge Virus ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Dose Study ◽  
Serum Antibody Titre

SUMMARYOne hundred and nineteen volunteers were divided into five groups, and each volunteer inoculated subcutaneously with an aqueous subunit B/Hong Kong/73 vaccine containing 40, 20, 10, or 5 μg of HA or saline alone in a 0·5 ml volume. The incidence of reactions was recorded 24 h after inoculation. One month following immunization the serum HI antibody to B/Hong Kong/73 virus was measured; each volunteer was inoculated intranasally with live, attenuated influenza B (RB77) virus; and the incidence of infection by the challenge virus was determined by HI antibody response.The results showed that the incidence of reactions to all doses of vaccine were relatively low, the severity mild, and the duration short. However, the incidence of reactions was highest for those given 40 μg HA and least for those given 5 μg HA. The serum HI antibody responses to vaccine showed a dose-response relationship. For volunteers given 40 μg HA, 22 (96%) showed a fourfold rise in antibody titre and all volunteers had antibody titres of > 40 following immunization: for volunteers given 5 μg HA the g.m.t. increased from 16·6 to 86·1; and for those given 10 and 20 μg HA the response was intermediate. Following challenge, the lowest incidence of infection was seen in volunteers given the highest dose of vaccine. However, all doses of vaccine induced some protection against challenge virus infection, and the incidence of infection was directly related to the serum antibody titre at the time of challenge. The 50% protection titre of serum HI antibody was estimated as 15 to 20.

Bullous pemphigoid: serum antibody titre and antigen specificity

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 372-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendri H. Pas ◽  
Marcelus C. J. M. Jong ◽  
Marcel E Jonkman ◽  
Klaas Heeres ◽  
Ida J. Slijper-Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bullous Pemphigoid ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Antigen Specificity ◽  
Serum Antibody Titre

Immunological Studies on Experimental Infection of Pigs with Ascaris suum Goeze, 1782. V.—The Antibody Response to the Oral Administration of Third- and Fourth-Stage Larvae

1964 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Taffs
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Antibody Concentration ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Sharp Rise ◽  
Maximum Serum ◽  
Saline Extract ◽  
Faecal Egg Count ◽  
Serum Antibody Titre

Following the oral administration of third- and fourth-stage A. suum larvae, which had previously completed nine or ten days somatic migration in guineapigs, rabbits or a pig, six out of eight pigs showed a rise of serum antibody titre, as measured by the conglutinating complement absorption test using a saline extract of Ascaris worm as antigen. Four of these pigs had negative titres before infection, and in these animals antibodies were first detected between the 14th and 20th days. Maximum serum antibody concentration was reached between the 14th and 34th days of infection, and antibodies were detected for at least as long as 68 days.Larvae were recovered from the faeces on the 23rd and 29th days of infection, and in two pigs out of eight the larvae reached maturity, eggs first being seen in the faeces on the 42nd day.The results suggest that (1) Ascaris larvae, on their return to the intestine, release antigenic substances which are then absorbed by the gut wall to stimulate the production of antibodies; (2) the secondary antibody rise, which occurs about the sixth or seventh week of an infection with Ascaris eggs, is due to the absorption of this larval antigen; and (3) the moulting process (fourth moult) is not only an important stage for stimulating this further antibody production, but is also the time when maturing larvae are affected by the immune mechanisms of the host.On reinfection with Ascaris eggs the phenomenon of “self-cure” was noticed. A fall in the faecal egg count, which became negative on the 21st day, was accompanied by a sharp rise in antibody titre. An increase in the number of infertile eggs in the faeces, rising from 11% on the day of reinfection to 100% on the 14th day, was also observed.

scholarly journals The conglutination phenomenon. III. The conglutinating complement absorption test in experimental glanders

1947 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. H. Hole ◽  
R. R. A. Coombs
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Fixation Test ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Serum Antibodies ◽  
Serum Antibody Titre ◽  
Detectable Serum

1. Observations on the sera of ponies, taken at frequent intervals for 321 days after oral administration of P. mallei, are described.2. It was found that the conglutinating complement absorption test was more sensitive than the haemolytic complement fixation test as a means of diagnosis. It detected the antibodies earlier in the course of the disease and demonstrated their presence over a longer period of time.3. The possibility of another practical use of this reaction as an adjunct to the allergic test is considered. Ten days after an intradermo-palpebral test a pony, which had been previously sensitized and whose serum antibody titre at that time was below 10, developed a serum titre of over 160 as demonstrated by the conglutinating complement absorption test. Under similar circumstances 11 unsensitized ponies developed no detectable serum antibodies.

scholarly journals Schistosoma mansoni: acquired immunity in mice after the use of oxamniquine at the evolutive skin and pulmonary phases

1991 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Marcos Z. Coelho ◽  
Rômulo T. Mello ◽  
Sílvia E. Gerken
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Challenge Infection ◽  
Acquired Immunity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Animal Groups ◽  
Resistance State

Mice infected with 350 cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni (LE strain) were treated with oxamniquine, at the dose of 400 mg/kg, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after infection. Forty days after the treatment, the animals were submitted to a challenge infection with 80 cercariae, through the abdominal and ear skins. The number of immature worms in the animal groups treated 24 and 96 h after the first infection was found to be lower than that in the control group, thus showing that the death of schisto-somes by chemotherapy, at the skin and pulmonary phases, causes an acquired resistance state.

Immunotoxic Effects of MPT-IP Containing 60% Methylparathion in Mice

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Institóris ◽  
Olga Siroki ◽  
S. Tóth ◽  
I. Dési
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Industrial Product ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Small Doses ◽  
Serum Antibody Titre

The effects of a single large and repeated small doses of MPT-IP (the industrial product used to produce Wofatox EC 50) containing 60% methylparathion, on the humoral and cellular immunoreactivity of CFLP mice were investigated. Administration of a single LD50/2 dose 3 d prior to immunization caused a 40% increase in the number of splenic PFC on the 5th day but no significant increase in serum antibody titre on the 7th day after immunization. Treatment for 4 weeks with an LD50/40 dose resulted in a 100% increase in splenic PFC, also not associated with a change in serum antibody titre. Under the same conditions and LD50/20 dose had no effect on these parameters. Neither the single large nor the repeated small doses had any effect on the intensity or time course of a DTH reaction. The results show that MPT-IP has an immunotoxic potential in mice under certain experimental conditions.

scholarly journals Aspiculuris tetraptera in wild Mus musculus. Age resistance and acquired immunity.

1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Behnke Jerzy
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Worm Burden ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Acquired Immunity ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Wild House Mice ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Aspiculuris Tetraptera

AbstractWild house mice, naturally infected with Aspiculuris tetraptera were segregated according to their weight into six age groups. The prevalence of infection and the mean worm burden of these mice were studied in the different age groups. The overall prevalence of infection was high (57% or more) in all the groups except the youngest. Mice acquired larvae soon after weaning; the highest larval burdens were reached in juvenile mice and the highest mature worm burdens, a group later, in mature mice. Older mice had fewer larvae and fewer mature worms. The mature worm burdens decreased but relatively slower than the larval burdens. It is suggested that either innate or acquired resistance could account for these observations.

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