scholarly journals Visibility of the hilar lymph nodes using advanced virtual monoenergetic low-keV images for preoperative evaluation of lung cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (1103) ◽  
pp. 20180734
Author(s):  
Tomoya Sekiguchi ◽  
Yoshiyuki Ozawa ◽  
Masaki Hara ◽  
Motoo Nakagawa ◽  
Taeko Goto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Ct Number ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Delayed Phase

Objective: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the visibility of the hilar lymph nodes (LNs) using advanced virtual monoenergetic low-keV images compared with early-phase contrast-enhanced CT. Methods: Dual energy contrast-enhanced CT was performed for pre-operative evaluation of lung cancer at 20 and 60 s after administration of contrast media in 50 patients (32 males and 18 females; mean age, 69 years). Five kinds of images (A: 20 s/120 kV; B: 60 s/40 keV; C: 60 s/50 keV; D: 60 s/120 kV; E: 60 s/100 kV) were reconstructed. We measured the CT number of the bilateral main pulmonary arteries (PAs), pulmonary veins (PVs) and hilar LNs, and evaluated the differences in CT number (Hounsfield units, HUs) between the PA/PV and LNs (PA–LN and PV–LN contrast). Artifacts from the superior vena cava (SVC) were also evaluated. Results: The mean PA–LN contrast (HU) was 415 in image group A, 299 in B, 180 in C, 80 in D, and 100 in E. The mean PV–LN contrasts in each group were 306, 287, 177, 78, and 99, respectively. Image group B showed the second highest PA–LN contrast following image group A. There was no significant difference in the PV–LN contrast between image groups A and B. The PA–LN and PV–LN contrasts of image groups B and C were significantly higher than those of E. SVC artifacts were lower in the delayed-phase images (Group B–E) than in Group A. Conclusion: To evaluate the hilar LNs with a single image series, advanced virtual monoenergetic 40-keV imaging at the delayed 60-s phase seems to be the most valuable. Advances in knowledge: Advanced virtual monoenergetic image is useful for evaluation of both hilar LNs and tumors in the delayed phase without artifact derived from the streak artifact from dense contrast media in the SVC.

Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography in Intensive Care Unit Patients with Acute Clinical Deterioration: Impact of Hyperattenuating Adrenal Glands

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Boos ◽  
Julia Schek ◽  
Patric Kröpil ◽  
Philipp Heusch ◽  
Niklas Heinzler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Clinical Deterioration ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography

Purpose The study sought to assess the frequency and prognostic value of hyperattenuating adrenal glands on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans of surgical intensive care unit (ICU) patients with acute clinical deterioration. Methods Eighty-eight consecutive ICU patients (63.2 ± 14.5 years of age) were included in this retrospective analysis. All patients underwent biphasic contrast-enhanced CT due to an acute clinical deterioration. Hyperattenuation of the adrenal glands was assessed subjectively and objectively. Subjective presence or absence of hyperattenuating adrenal glands was assessed by 2 blinded radiologists (J.B. and R.S.L.) in consensus. Hounsfield units (HU) were measured in the adrenal glands and in the inferior vena cava. Objective hyperattenuation was defined as HU (adrenal glands) > HU (inferior vena cava) with a 15-HU threshold. Death within 14 days following CT was set as endpoint and acquired from electronic patient data. Results Thirty-eight patients (43.2%, Group Asubj) exhibited hyperattenuation of the adrenal glands, whereas 50 patients (56.8%, Group Bsubj) did not. Concerning the objective analysis, 31 patients (35.2%, Group Aobj) exhibited hyperdense adrenal glands, whereas 53 patients (64.8%, Group Bobj) did not. Overall 27 of 88 patients (30.6%) died within 14 days following the CT examination. Lethal outcome was significantly more frequent among patients in Group Asubj and Aobj (19 of 38 patients [50.0%] and 15 of 31 patients [48.4%]) as compared with patients in Group Bsubj (8 of 50 patients [16.0%]) and Group Bobj (12 of 57 patients [21.1%]; P < .05). Subjective and objective analysis correlated significantly ( P < .05). Conclusions Hyperattenuation of adrenal glands on contrast-enhanced CT of ICU patients with acute clinical deterioration is associated with a high mortality and might serve as a prognostic marker for patients' outcome.

scholarly journals Predicting tumor hypoxia in non-small cell lung cancer by combining CT, FDG PET and dynamic contrast-enhanced CT

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1591-1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniek J. G. Even ◽  
Bart Reymen ◽  
Matthew D. La Fontaine ◽  
Marco Das ◽  
Arthur Jochems ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Tumor Hypoxia ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Ct

A Comparison of Cobalt (57Co) Bleomycin Scanning and Contrast-Enhanced CT Scanning for Assessment of the Mediastinum in Lung Cancer

CHEST Journal ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1148-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher G. Wathen ◽  
Keith M. Kerr ◽  
William Reid ◽  
Arthur J.A. Wightman ◽  
Jonathan J.K. Best ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct

scholarly journals Radiomics-Based Features for Prediction of Histological Subtypes in Central Lung Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Li ◽  
Long Gao ◽  
He Ma ◽  
Dooman Arefan ◽  
Jiachuan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Histological Subtypes ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of radiomic features on classifying histological subtypes of central lung cancer in contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) images.Materials and MethodsA total of 200 patients with radiologically defined central lung cancer were recruited. All patients underwent dual-phase chest CECT, and the histological subtypes (adenocarcinoma (ADC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC)) were confirmed by histopathological samples. 107 features were used in five machine learning classifiers to perform the predictive analysis among three subtypes. Models were trained and validated in two conditions: using radiomic features alone, and combining clinical features with radiomic features. The performance of the classification models was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThe highest AUCs in classifying ADC vs. SCC, ADC vs. SCLC, and SCC vs. SCLC were 0.879, 0.836, 0.783, respectively by using only radiomic features in a feedforward neural network.ConclusionOur study indicates that radiomic features based on the CECT images might be a promising tool for noninvasive prediction of histological subtypes in central lung cancer and the neural network classifier might be well-suited to this task.

scholarly journals Can the lower rate of CT- or MRI-related adverse drug reactions to contrast media due to stricter limitations on patients undergoing contrast-enhanced CT or MRI?

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 20190214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Maeda ◽  
Masafumi Oda ◽  
Shinji Kito ◽  
Tatsurou Tanaka ◽  
Nao Wakasugi-Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Digestive Disorders

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether a decreased occurrence rate of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to contrast media in contrast-enhanced CT and MRI was attributable to appropriate criteria for patients with some diseases. A secondary aim was to elucidate safety profiles for contrast media and factors influencing the occurrence of ADRs. Methods: Clinical data of patients who underwent contrast-enhanced CT (5576 cases) or MRI (3357 cases) were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate rates of ADRs to contrast media, symptoms of ADRs, treatments for ADRs, and differences in medical history, blood test results, and other factors between patients with and without ADRs in a dental hospital. Results: The rate of ADRs to contrast media was 0.54% for CT and 0.09% for MRI. The most frequent ADRs in contrast-enhanced CT or MRI were nausea and vomiting as physiologic reactions. Two serious reactions were seen for CT, but none for MRI. Significant differences between patients with and without ADRs were seen in liver function according to blood tests for CT, and in digestive disorders elicited from medical interviews for MRI. Conclusion: The lower occurrence rate of ADRs to contrast media in dental hospitals could be due to the adoption of appropriate criteria for patients with some diseases undergoing enhanced CT or MRI. Complete suppression of ADRs to contrast media for CT or MRI is unrealistic, so attention is warranted for patients with decreased liver function when performing enhanced CT, and for patients with digestive disorders when performing enhanced MRI.

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