scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Soluble Proteins in Coridius chinensis, Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas atratus

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (05) ◽  
pp. 481-485
Author(s):  
玉红 郭
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Soluble Proteins ◽  
Zophobas Atratus

Zophobas atratus (Fabricius, 1775) – new genus and species of darkling beetles (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) for the fauna of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-24
Author(s):  
V. N. Fursov ◽  
L. S. Cherney
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Antennal Segment ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Darkling Beetles ◽  
Zophobas Atratus ◽  
Sensory Zone ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Darkling beetle Zophobas atratus (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) is recorded here for the first time as a new species for the fauna of Ukraine. Detailed study on morphology of preimaginal stages and biology of this species recently introduced to Ukraine, is given here. Zophobas atratus is an important species being easily reared in laboratory cultures and widely distributed in North and South America, Europe, and Asia. Detailed descriptions of all life stages, including egg, young and older larvae, pupa and adult of Z. atratus are required for further taxonomical study of the genus Zophobas, which isn’t yet definitively established. New identification keys for adults and larvae of the genera of tribe Tenebrionini are presented here, based on a comparative analysis of the taxonomic characters of adults and larvae of Z. atratus and species from the genera Tenebrio and Neatus. Comparative analysis of morphology of larva of Z. atratus and larvae of the tribe Cteniopodini of close subfamily Alleculinae was conducted here. The subfamily Alleculinae previously had the rank of family Alleculidae, but our analysis confirmed the reliability of its current taxonomic position as subfamily. The study of morphology of larvae of 1st and 2nd instars of Z. atratus revealed that they are characterized by special taxonomic structures that are not characteristic for oldest instars of larvae of Z. atratus. These characters include absence of spines on caudal segment, presence of a set of 4 setae at posterior margin of tergites of prothorax, metathorax, and 1st to 8th abdominal segments, strongly convex 2nd antennal segment and sensory zone in the form of an open ring on its apex, and etc. Moreover, structure of antenna of larvae of Z. atratus is similar to that of oldest larvae of most species of darkling beetles of the fauna of Ukraine. The most distinctive features of Z. atratus are: sexual dimorphism in structure of clypeus of adults; filiform sclerotized antenna of larva with a continuous sensory zone at apex of 2nd segment, weakly developed 3rd segment; fusion of sclerotized pleurites of 1st–8th abdominal segments with their tergites; sexual dimorphism in structure of 9th abdominal segment of pupa, and presence of two hooks on apex of its appendages. The data of original study of features of life cycle of Z. atratus are given. The pictures and photos of details of morphology of egg, larvae, pupa and adult of Z. atratus are presented. It was recored that life cycle of Z. atratus from laying of egg to the emergence of adult continues from 169 up to 181 days. Adults lived maximum up to 206 days. Maturation of eggs in female after copulation continues 10-11 days. Stage of egg continues 7 days, larva – up to 151 days, including pre-pupal period from 6 to 22 days, pupa – from 8 to 21 days. Twelve larval stages of Z. atratus were recorded in laboratory culture.

Biodegradation of polypropylene by yellow mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) and superworms (Zophobas atratus) via gut-microbe-dependent depolymerization

2021 ◽  
Vol 756 ◽  
pp. 144087
Author(s):  
Shan-Shan Yang ◽  
Meng-Qi Ding ◽  
Lei He ◽  
Chun-Hong Zhang ◽  
Qing-Xiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Gut Microbe ◽  
Zophobas Atratus

Effects of juvenile hormone, ecdysterone, actinomycin D, and mitomycin C on the cuticular proteins of Tenebrio molitor

Development ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-123
Author(s):  
P. Elaine Roberts ◽  
Judith H. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Hormone ◽  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Soluble Proteins ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Cuticular Proteins

Juvenile hormone (JH), ecdysterone and some antibiotics cause Tenebrio molitor to form a second pupa or pupal-adult intermediate. Incorporation of labelled leucine into the cuticular proteins of JH-induced second pupae did not differ from incorporation in normal pupae, and the soluble cuticular proteins from these young second pupae were identical to those extracted from normal pupal exocuticle when analysed by SDS-polyacry lamide gel electrophoresis. However, as these second pupae aged, the major early bands did not undergo a normal decrease in staining intensity, indicating a JH effect on protein insolubilization (sclerotization). The transport of protein into the cuticle may also have been altered by JH; electrophoretic analysis of the new cuticle of treated animals showed intense staining of bands with RF'S similar to those of blood proteins. The new exocuticle produced after treatment of pupae with ecdysterone had soluble proteins which were typical of normal pupae, but extracts from such animals aged prior to cuticle removal yielded bands characteristic of normal adults. Pupae treated with actinomycin D occasionally form new abdominal cuticle with characteristic pupal morphology. These cuticles yielded soluble proteins which, upon analysis, had pupal, pupal and adult, or adult banding patterns. Animals treated with mitomycin C, although retaining vestiges of pupal abdominal characters, had adult cuticular proteins.

scholarly journals Effect of Blanching Plus Fermentation on Selected Functional Properties of Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Powders

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 917 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Borremans ◽  
Sara Bußler ◽  
Sorel Tchewonpi Sagu ◽  
Harshadrai Rawel ◽  
Oliver K. Schlüter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Soluble Proteins ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Oil Binding

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of blanching followed by fermentation of mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) with commercial meat starter cultures on the functional properties of powders produced from the larvae. Full fat and defatted powder samples were prepared from non-fermented and fermented mealworm pastes. Then the crude protein, crude fat, and dry matter contents, pH, bulk density, colour, water and oil binding capacity, foaming capacity and stability, emulsion capacity and stability, protein solubility, quantity of free amino groups, and protein composition of the powders were evaluated. Regardless of the starter culture used, the blanching plus fermentation process reduced the crude and soluble protein contents of the full fat powders and in general impaired their water and oil binding, foaming, and emulsifying properties. Defatting of the powders improved most functional properties studied. The o-phthaldialdehyde assay revealed that the amount of free amino groups was higher in the fermented powders while sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the soluble proteins of the fermented powders were composed of molecules of lower molecular mass compared to non-fermented powders. As molecular sizes of the soluble proteins decreased, it was clear that the protein structure was also modified by the fermentation process, which in turn led to changes in functional properties. In general, it was concluded that fermentation of mealworms with blanching as a pre-treatment does not contribute to the functional properties studied in this work. Nevertheless, the results confirmed that the properties of non-fermented powders are comparable to other food protein sources.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of Polystyrene by Tenebrio molitor, Galleria mellonella, and Zophobas atratus Larvae and Comparison of Their Degradation Effects

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 3539
Author(s):  
Shan Jiang ◽  
Tingting Su ◽  
Jingjing Zhao ◽  
Zhanyong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Yellow Mealworm ◽  
Greater Wax Moth ◽  
Zophobas Atratus ◽  
Wax Moth

Plastic waste pollution and its difficult degradation process have aroused widespread concern. Research has demonstrated that the larvae of Tenebrio molitor (yellow mealworm), Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth), and Zophobas atratus (superworm) possess a biodegradation ability for polystyrene (PS) within the gut microbiota of these organisms. In this study, the difference in PS degradation and the changes of the gut microbiota were compared before and after feeding PS. The results showed that superworm had the strongest PS consumption capacity and the highest survival rate during the 30 d experiment period. They all could degrade PS to different degrees. Superworm showed the highest ability to degrade PS into low-molecular-weight substances, while yellow mealworm depolymerized PS strongly by destroying the benzene ring. The changes of the intestinal microbiome caused by feeding PS showed that after ingesting PS, there was a decrease in community diversity in superworm and yellow mealworm, but an increase in greater wax moth. Meanwhile, Enterococcus and Enterobacteriaceae, found in all three species’ larvae upon 20 d of PS feeding, might play an important role in PS degradation. The results will provide more accurate PS degradation comparative data of the three species’ larvae and theoretical guidance for further research on the efficient PS biodegradations.

scholarly journals Functional properties of powders produced from either or not fermented mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) paste

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Borremans ◽  
S. Bußler ◽  
T. S Sagu ◽  
H.M. Rawel ◽  
O. Schlüter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Soluble Proteins ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Foaming Capacity ◽  
Oil Binding

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of fermentation of mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) with commercial meat starters cultures on the functional properties of powders produced from the larvae. Full fat and defatted powder samples were prepared from non-fermented and fermented mealworm pastes. Then the crude protein, crude fat and dry matter contents, pH, bulk density, colour, water and oil binding capacity, foaming capacity and stability, emulsion capacity and stability, protein solubility, quantity of free amino groups and protein composition of the powders were evaluated. Regardless of the starter culture used, fermentation significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the crude and soluble protein content of the non-defatted mealworm powders and in general impaired their water and oil binding, foaming- and emulsifying properties. Defatting of the powders improved most functional properties studied, except the protein solubility, water binding capacity, foaming capacity and emulsion stability. The o-phthaldialdehyd assay revealed that the amount of free amino groups increased during fermentation, which may be attributed to proteolysis of mealworm proteins by the starters. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the soluble proteins of fermented powders were composed of molecules of lower molecular mass compared to non-fermented powders. As the molecular sizes of the soluble proteins decreased, it is clear that also the protein structure was modified by the fermentation process, which in turn led to changes in functional properties. It was concluded that fermentation of mealworms in general does not contribute to the functional properties studied in this work. Nevertheless, the results confirmed that the properties of non-fermented powders are comparable to other food protein sources.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document