scholarly journals Μελέτη του μεταγραφικού παράγοντα Nrf2 ως διαμεσολαβητή της δράσης των στατινών

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Διονύσιος Χαρτουμπέκης
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Antioxidant Response Element ◽  
Response Element

Τα ευεργετικά αποτελέσματα των αναστολέων της αναγωγάσης του HMG-CoA (3-υδροξυ-3-μεθυλ-γλουταρυλ-συνένζυμο Α) έχουν αποδοθεί όχι μόνο στη μείωση των επιπέδων χοληστερόλης αλλά και στις πλειοτροπικές τους δράσεις και ιδιαίτερα στις αντιοξειδωτικές τους δράσεις. Ο Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) είναι ένας μεταγραφικός παράγοντας που ενορχηστρώνει τη μεταγραφική απάντηση των κυττάρων στο οξειδωτικό στρες και σε ηλεκτροφιλικά ξενοβιοτικά με την έκφραση αντιοξειδωτικών-κυτταροπροστατευτικών γονιδίων. Στην παρούσα μελέτη, χρησιμοποιήθηκαν επίμυες Wistar, πρωτογενείς καλλιέργειες ηπατοκυττάρων, ST-2 κύτταρα και πρωτογενείς εμβρυϊκοί ινοβλάστες από μυς C57BL6J αγρίου τύπου (WT) ή με απαλοιφή του Nrf2 (KO-Nrf2) για τη μελέτη του ρόλου του Nrf2 στη διαμεσολάβηση των αντιοξειδωτικών δράσεων των στατινών. Η σιμβαστατίνη ενεργοποίησε τον Nrf2, δηλαδή οδήγησε στη μετακίνησή του στον πυρήνα στο ήπαρ επίμυων και σε πρωτογενή καλλιέργεια ηπατοκυττάρων. Η ανωτέρω δράση ήταν εξαρτώμενη από το μεβαλονικό και ανεξάρτητη από τη χοληστερόλη. Σε πυρηνικά πρωτεϊνικά εκχυλίσματα από ήπαρ επίμυων που έλαβαν σιμβαστατίνη, η μεταγραφική ενεργότητα του Nrf2 αυξήθηκε σημαντικά και το mRNA δύο γνωστών στόχων του Nrf2, ΗΟ-1 (Heme Oxygenase 1) και GPX-2 (Glutathione Peroxidase 2) αυξήθηκε. Σε ST-2 κύτταρα μόνιμα διαμολυσμένα με πλασμίδιο που φέρει αλληλουχία DNA στην οποία προσκολλάται ο Nrf2 (ARE-Antioxidant Response Element) (ARE-ST2 κύτταρα), η σιμβαστατίνη αύξησε τη μεταγραφική ενεργότητα του Nrf2 με τρόπο εξαρτώμενο από το μεβαλονικό και ανεξάρτητο από τη χοληστερόλη. Επίσης, χρησιμοποιώντας πρωτογενείς καλλιέργειες εμβρυϊκών ινοβλαστών από μυς WT και ΚΟ-Nrf2 και μετρώντας τα επίπεδα των αντιδραστικών ειδών οξυγόνου (ROS) μετά από επώαση με οξειδάση της γλυκόζης έπειτα από επίδραση ή μη με σιμβαστατίνη, διαπιστώθηκε ότι η σιμβαστατίνη μειώνει τα επίπεδα των παραχθέντων ROS στους WT ινοβλάστες και όχι σε μεγάλο βαθμό στους KO-Nrf2 ινοβλάστες. Τέλος, με τη χρήση αναστολέων του μονοπατιού της PI3K/Akt σε ARE-ST2 κύτταρα στα οποία είχαμε επιδράσει με σιμβαστατίνη, διαπιστώθηκε ότι αίρεται σε μεγάλο βαθμό η ενεργοποίηση του Nrf2 από τη σιμβαστατίνη. Στην παρούσα μελέτη παρουσιάζεται για πρώτη φορά α) η ενεργοποίηση του Keap1/Nrf2 σηματοδοτικού μονοπατιού σε in vivo και in vitro μοντέλα από τη σιμβαστατίνη με τρόπο εξαρτώμενο από το μεβαλονικό και ανεξάρτητο από τη χοληστερόλη και β) ότι η σιμβαστατίνη μειώνει τα παραγόμενα αντιδραστικά είδη οξυγόνου (ROS) μέσω της ενεργοποίησης του Nrf2 διαμέσου του μοριακού μονοπατιού της PI3K/Akt. H ενεργοποίηση αυτή του Nrf2 από τη σιμβαστατίνη εκτός του ότι προσφέρει αποτελεσματική προστασία του κυττάρου από τις δυσμενείς επιπτώσεις του οξειδωτικού στρες, εξηγεί και μέρος των πλειοτροπικών δράσεων των στατινών.

scholarly journals Induction of the Protective Antioxidant Response Element Pathway by 6-Hydroxydopamine In Vivo and In Vitro

2005 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah J. Jakel ◽  
Jonathan T. Kern ◽  
Delinda A. Johnson ◽  
Jeffrey A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Antioxidant Response Element ◽  
Response Element ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

scholarly journals Astragaloside IV Protects Against Oxidative Stress in Calf Small Intestine Epithelial Cells via NFE2L2-Antioxidant Response Element Signaling

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 6131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafang Wang ◽  
Fugui Jiang ◽  
Haijian Cheng ◽  
Xiuwen Tan ◽  
Yifan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Antioxidant Response Element ◽  
Astragaloside Iv ◽  
Response Element

Oxidative stress can damage intestinal epithelial cell integrity and function, causing gastrointestinal disorders. Astragaloside IV (ASIV) exhibits a variety of biological and pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The purpose of this research was to investigate the cytoprotective action of ASIV and its mechanisms in calf small intestine epithelial cells with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress. ASIV pretreatment not only increased cell survival, but it also decreased reactive oxygen species generation and apoptosis, enhanced superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase levels, and it reduced malondialdehyde formation. Furthermore, pretreatment with ASIV elevated the mRNA and protein levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2), heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1). The NFE2L2 inhibitor ML385 inhibited NFE2L2 expression and then blocked HMOX1 and NQO1 expression. These results demonstrate that ASIV treatment effectively protects against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in calf small intestine epithelial cells through the activation of the NFE2L2-antioxidant response element signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Alleviation of Cartilage Destruction by Sinapic Acid in Experimental Osteoarthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawei Cai ◽  
Thomas W. Huff ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Tangbo Yuan ◽  
Zijian Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Transactivation Activity ◽  
Nrf2 Signaling Pathway ◽  
Primary Mouse

Sinapic acid (SA) modulates the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in chondrocytes. In order to test the hypothesis that SA is protective against the development of osteoarthritis (OA), primary mouse chondrocytes were treated in vitro with SA and the promoter transactivation activity of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and protein expression of HO-1 were assayed. To test the hypothesis in vivo, a destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model was used to induce OA in the knees of mice and SA was delivered orally to the experimental group. The chondrocytes were harvested for further analysis. The expression of HO-1 was similarly upregulated in cartilage from both the experimental mice and human chondrocytes from osteoarthritic knees. SA was found to enhance the promoter transactivation activity of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and increase the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in primary chondrocytes. Histopathologic scores showed that the damage induced by the DMM model was significantly lower in the SA treatment group. The addition of a HO-1 inhibitor with SA did not show additional benefit over SA alone in terms of cartilage degradation or histopathologic scores. The expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS4, and ADAMTS5 was significantly reduced both in vitro and in vivo by the presence of SA. Protein expressions of HO-1 and Nrf2 were substantially increased in knee cartilage of mice that received oral SA. Our results suggest that SA should be further explored as a preventative treatment for OA.

scholarly journals LAS0811: From Combinatorial Chemistry to Activation of Antioxidant Response Element

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zhu ◽  
Hyounggee Baek ◽  
Ruiwu Liu ◽  
Aimin Song ◽  
Kit Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Combinatorial Chemistry ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Cancer Chemoprevention ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Antioxidant Response Element ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Enhanced Production

The antioxidant response element (ARE) and its transcription factor, nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2), are potential targets for cancer chemoprevention. We sought to screen small molecules synthesized with combinatorial chemistry for activation of ARE. By high-throughput screening of 9400 small molecules from 10 combinatorial chemical libraries using HepG2 cells with an ARE-driven reporter, we have identified a novel small molecule, 1,2-dimethoxy-4,5-dinitrobenzene (LAS0811), as an activator of the ARE. LAS0811 upregulated the activity of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), a representative antioxidative enzyme regulated by ARE. It enhanced production of an endogenous reducing agent, glutathione (GSH). In addition, LAS0811 induced expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO1), which is an ARE-regulated enzyme with anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, LAS0811 reduced cell death due to the cytotoxic stress of a strong oxidant, t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH). Mechanistically, LAS0811 upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and promoted its translocation into the nuclei leading to subsequent ARE activation. Taken together, LAS0811 is a novel activator of the ARE and its associated detoxifying genes and, thus, a potential agent for cancer chemoprevention.

Shenduning Granule Attenuates Renal Injury from Oxidative Stress through the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2/Antioxidant Response Element Pathway

Pharmacology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 236-245
Author(s):  
Xiao-Jun Fu ◽  
Shuang-Yan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Antioxidant Response Element ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Operation Group

Background: Systemic oxidative stress has been reported to play a central role in the pathogenesis of kidney function decline. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway is one of the important endogenous antioxidant stress pathways in cells. This study aims to investigate whether shenduning granule can ameliorate oxidative stress in kidney tissues by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway, and explores the detailed underlying mechanism. Methods: A total of 120 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the sham-operated and operation groups. Rats in the operation group underwent 5/6 nephrectomy. Two weeks later, rats in the operation group were further randomly divided into 5 groups: model group, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose shenduning granule groups, and losartan group. Rats in each group were given the same volume of corresponding liquid orally. Serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), 24-h urinary protein, malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and γ-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) were determined. Results: Shenduning granule could markedly elevate HO-1, NRF2, γ-GCS and SOD (p < 0.05), and significantly decreased MDA, 24-h urinary protein, SCr and BUN in rats (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Shenduning granule can improve renal antioxidative stress activity in rats, exhibiting a renoprotective effect. The potential mechanism is likely exerted by the activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway.

Structural Influence of Isothiocyanates on the Antioxidant Response Element (ARE)-Mediated Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) Expression

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 836-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Auemduan Prawan ◽  
Young-Sam Keum ◽  
Tin Oo Khor ◽  
Siwang Yu ◽  
Sujit Nair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Antioxidant Response Element ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Structural Influence

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Procyanidins In Vitro and In Vivo

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2963
Author(s):  
Juan Chen ◽  
Yixuan Chen ◽  
Yangfan Zheng ◽  
Jiawen Zhao ◽  
Huilin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Quinone Oxidoreductase ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Glutamate Cysteine Ligase ◽  
Pheochromocytoma Cells

This study evaluated the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of procyanidins (PCs). In vitro, rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) were exposed to PCs (1, 2 or 4 μg/mL) or N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) (20 μM) for 24 h, and then incubated with 200 μM of H2O2 for 24 h. Compared with H2O2 alone, PCs significantly increased antioxidant activities (e.g., glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)), decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and increased nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) accumulation and increased the expression of quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM), and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC). In vivo, zebrafish larvae (AB strain) 3 days post-fertilization (dpf) were exposed to NAC (30 μM) or PCs (4, 8 or 16 μg/mL) in the absence or presence of 300 μM of H2O2 for 4 days. Compared with H2O2 alone, PCs enhanced antioxidant activities (e.g., GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD), decreased levels of ROS and MDA, and enhanced Nrf2/ antioxidant response element (ARE) activation and raised expression levels of NQO1, HO-1, GCLM, and GCLC. In conclusion, these results indicated that PCs exerted neuroprotective effects via activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway and alleviating oxidative damage.

scholarly journals 6-Shogaol Protects Human Melanocytes against Oxidative Stress through Activation of the Nrf2-Antioxidant Response Element Signaling Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingli Yang ◽  
Fei Yang ◽  
Lanting Teng ◽  
Ichiro Katayama
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Antioxidant Response Element ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Pigmentary Disorders ◽  
Human Melanocytes

Skin is a major target of oxidative stress. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress is the cause of melanocyte disappearance in vitiligo, which is an acquired pigmentary skin disorder characterized by patches of skin that have lost pigmentation. New herbal extracts with antioxidant activity are therefore being studied. 6-Shogaol (6-SG), an active compound from ginger, is capable of attenuating oxidative stress-induced ageing and neurotoxicity. Subsequently, to investigate whether 6-SG could protect melanocytes from oxidative stress, cultured human primary epidermal melanocytes (HEMn-MPs) were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the presence or absence of 6-SG. The 6-SG exhibited protective effects against H2O2-induced cell death by reducing oxidative stress. In addition, the 6-SG treatment activated the Nrf2-antioxidant response element signaling pathway by upregulating the mRNA expression of the antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and protein expression of Nrf2, NAD(P)H: quinine oxidoreductase 1 (Nqo1), and HO-1. Furthermore, the 6-SG also displayed protective effects on melanocytes against Rhododendrol-induced oxidative stress. We concluded that 6-SG protects melanocytes against oxidative stress in vitro, and its protective effect is associated with the activation of the Nrf2-antioxidant response element signaling pathway. 6-SG, therefore, has potential for use in the prevention of melanocyte loss in the early stages of vitiligo or other pigmentary disorders.

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