scholarly journals Βιολογία και Καταπολέμηση Ειδών Βρούχων που απαντώνται στην Ελλάδα

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Γεώργιος Φλώρος
Keyword(s):  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Acanthoscelides Obtectus ◽  
Bruchus Pisorum

Οι βρούχοι είναι έντομα της τάξης των Κολεοπτέρων που προσβάλλουν σπόρους ψυχανθών, τόσο στον αγρό, όσο και στην αποθήκη. Αποτελούν σημαντικούς εχθρούς των αποθηκευμένων οσπρίων παγκοσμίως καθώς οι προσβεβλημένοι σπόροι χάνουν εμπορική του αξίας αλλά και την βλαστικότητα. Αντικείμενο έρευνας της παρούσας διατριβής, αποτέλεσε η αναγνώριση ειδών βρούχων που απαντώνται ανά την Ελλάδα και η αξιολόγηση νέων φιλικών προς το περιβάλλον και τον άνθρωπο ουσιών, ως μέσων αντιμετώπισης των βρούχων. Στην πρώτη σειρά πειραμάτων συλλέχθηκαν από 6 περιοχές της Ελλάδας 5530 άτομα που ταξινομήθηκαν σε 5 διαφορετικά είδη βρούχων και μαζί με αυτά 1 είδος παρασιτοειδούς υμενοπτέρου. Από τα δείγματα μας αναγνωρίστηκαν τα είδη Bruchus pisorum (σε συχνότητα 57.2%), Acanthoscelides obtectus (σε συχνότητα 10.8%), Bruchus rufimanus (σε συχνότητα 12.8%) και τα Callosobruchus chinensis και Callosobruchus maculatus (σε συχνότητα 5,6%). Στη δεύτερη σειρά πειραμάτων αξιολογήθηκε η εντομοκτόνος δράση ορισμένων αδρανών σκονών για την αντιμετώπιση του βρούχου των φασολιών. Αξιολογήθηκε, η εντομοκτόνος δράση ζεόλιθου ελληνικής προέλευσης σε ενήλικα του βρούχου των φασολιών A. obtectus και βρέθηκε ότι η μέση θανατηφόρος δόση ήταν 1.1 g ζεόλιθου ανά κιλό σπόρων φασολιού. Η εντομοκτόνος δράση του ζεόλιθου βρέθηκε να μην επηρεάζεται από τη θερμοκρασία και σχετική υγρασία. Επιπλέον, αξιολογήθηκε η δράση του καολίνη, της γης των διατόμων και ενός ιταλικής προέλευσης ζεόλιθου, σε ενήλικα άτομα του A. obtectus. Βρέθηκε ότι, με συγκέντρωση 5 g αδρανούς σκόνεως ανά κιλό σπόρων φασολιών προκαλείται ποσοστό θνησιμότητας >80% σε 48 ώρες μετά την εφαρμογή. Επιπλέον, βρέθηκε ότι ζεόλιθοι διαφορετικής προέλευσης και ορυκτολογικής σύστασης, όταν εφαρμόστηκαν σε σπόρους φασολιών προκάλεσαν 100% θνησιμότητα σε προνύμφες του A. obtectus. Σε συνεργασία με το Τμήμα Γεωλογίας του Α.Π.Θ., έγιναν οι ορυκτολογικές και χημικές αναλύσεις των ζεολιθικών πετρωμάτων που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν. Σε μία τρίτη σειρά πειραμάτων, αξιολογήθηκε η εντομοκτόνος δράση ατμών από καύση και θέρμανση επεξεργασμένου καπνού τσιγάρων. Στα πειράματα αυτά ενήλικα άτομα του A. obtectus εκτέθηκαν σε καπνό που προερχόταν από τσιγάρα. Ο καπνός παράχθηκε είτε από καύση (τσιγάρο τύπου στριφτού) είτε από θέρμανση (τσιγάρο τύπου iqos). Βρέθηκε ότι, όταν ενήλικα άτομα του A. obtectus εκτέθηκαν για 3 μέρες σε συγκέντρωση 40% ατμού από καύση ή θέρμανση καπνού, προκλήθηκε αντίστοιχα θνησιμότητα περίπου 80% και 30%, αντίστοιχα. Τα αποτελέσματα των πειραμάτων μας, συμβάλλουν στη γνώση της παρουσίας των βρούχων στον ελλαδικό χώρο και στην ανάπτυξη καινοτόμων μεθόδων αντιμετώπισης.

scholarly journals INSECTOS PLAGA EN GRANOS Y SUS DERIVADOS ALMACENADOS EN IQUITOS – PERU

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Teotista MAFALDO-L. ◽  
Manuela RODRÍGUEZ-N. ◽  
Rosa GONZALES-S.
Keyword(s):  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Acanthoscelides Obtectus ◽  
Carpophilus Hemipterus ◽  
Bruchus Pisorum

El objetivo general del trabajo ha sido el inventario de los insectos plaga de los granos alimenticios y sus derivados almacenados; asimismo el estudio de su bioecología, potencial reproductivo, longevidad e intensidad del daño que causan, para lo cual se han ralizado muestreos al azar en los almacenes y centros comerciales de la ciudad, tratándose las muestras en el laboratorio de Zoología de la Facultad de ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana.Se reporta la identificación de veinte especies correspondientes a diez Familias; así como la bioecología, potencial reproductivo, longevidad e intensidad del daño de ocho especies de la Familia Bruchidae.La Familia Bruchidae registra mayor cantidad de especies. Lasioderma sericorne F. y Carpophilus hemipterus L. han registrado ciclos biológicos más prolongados y más cortos respectivamente. La especie de mayor oviposición fue Acanthoscelides obtectus 5. y la de menor fue Callosobruchus maculatus F. Bru chus rufimanus B. (macho) y Bruchus pisorum L. (hembra) fueron más longevos.

Insecticidal Dusts for the Protection of Stored Peas and Beans against Bruchid Infestation

1955 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Parkin ◽  
G. T. Bills
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Acanthoscelides Obtectus

Laboratory tests are described for determining the protective value of a number of physically and chemically active insecticidal dusts against Bruchid infestation of peas and beans. Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) and Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) were used as the test insects and were found to be very susceptible to most of the treatments tried. Adults of A. obtectus were in general more resistant to the treatments than those of C. chinensis, but the multiplication of the former species was more easily stopped, apparently because of the vulnerability of its first-stage larvae. It is concluded that protection of peas and beans can be achieved by thoroughly mixing into 200 lb. of the commodity 6–8 oz. of one of the following dusts: colloidal silica, colloidal aluminium pentasilicate, finely ground diatomite, 0.05 per cent. y BHC (as lindane) on diatomite or kaolin, 0.5 per cent. technical DDT on diatomite or kaolin. Rock phosphate, kaolin, or talc are not recommended. Where lindane or DDT are used in the dosages given, it is unlikely that the commodity will be tainted or rendered toxic to man or animals, even if no cleaning is undertaken.

Susceptibility of mungbean varieties to the bruchid species Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), C. phaseoli (Gyll.), C. chinensis (L.), and Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say.) (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Lambrides ◽  
B. C. Imrie
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Acanthoscelides Obtectus ◽  
Oviposition Deterrents ◽  
Bruchid Resistance ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Biochemical Resistance ◽  
Acanthoscelides Obtectus Say

Twenty-six mungbean varieties and accessions were screened for resistance to 4 bruchid species (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae). On the basis of the percentage of seeds damaged all Australian commercial mungbean varieties tested here were highly susceptible to strains of Callosobruchus maculatus and C. chinensis, the 2 species that cause most damage worldwide to mungbean in storage. In addition, 3 accessions of wild mungbean appeared to have bruchid resistance. The texture layer present on the seed coat of some mungbean varieties and small seed size may act as oviposition deterrents. Consequently, these assays for determining resistance to bruchid infestation may not be suitable for identifying biochemical resistance of some mungbean genotypes.

Bioacoustic detection of Callosobruchus chinensis and Callosobruchus maculatus in bulk stored chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and green gram (Vigna radiata)

Food Control ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 278-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Km. Sheetal Banga ◽  
Nachiket Kotwaliwale ◽  
Debabandya Mohapatra ◽  
Saroj Kumar Giri ◽  
V. Bhushana Babu
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis

scholarly journals Demografía de brúquidos (coleoptera: bruchidae) asociados

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosaelia Nohemí Ramírez Cariño ◽  
Jesús Romero Nápoles ◽  
Jorge Vera Graziano ◽  
Armando Equihua Martínez ◽  
Néstor Bautista Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Acanthoscelides Obtectus ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Acanthoscelides Obtectus Say

Los brúquidos se alimentan principalmente de semillas de leguminosas, entre las cuales se encuentran algunos cultivos de importancia económica como el frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), garbanzo (Cicer arietinum L.), lenteja (Lens culinaris Medik) y tamarindo (Tamarindus indica L.) entre otros, considerando al primero como la fuente principal de proteína en la dieta humana; sin embargo, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp, por sus propiedades nutritivas podría sustituir al frijol, pero su principal problema es la presencia de plagas, en particular los brúquidos, los cuales ocasionan pérdidas  considerables en postcosecha, por lo que fue necesario conocer los parámetros poblacionales de Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831), Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) procedente de dos hospederos diferentes y Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman, 1833) alimentados con V. unguiculata por medio de un estudio demográfico bajo condiciones controladas. Los parámetros poblacionales se estimaron con la técnica de tablas de vida de cohorte, la prueba de Log rank (p ≤ 0.05) y las tasas de reproducción e intervalos de confianza con la técnica no paramétrica de Traslape de Intervalos (p ≤ 0.10), para comparar tasas instantáneas de reproducción (rm), llamada también capacidad innata de incremento. Estos parámetros poblacionales fueron mayores en la emergencia de los adultos y tasas de reproducción de C. maculatus en sus dos modalidades por lo que esta especie puede ocasionar serios problemas cuando se presenta asociado con V. unguiculata; sin embargo, A. obtectus y Z. subfasciatus sólo si no tienen opción podríanalimentarse de V. unguiculata en condiciones de almacenamiento.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of different life stages of Callosobruchus maculatus and Callosobruchus chinensis to ECO2FUME gas and its impact on cowpea seeds quality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manar Y. Amin ◽  
Abeer Omar Abotaleb ◽  
Refaat A. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Cowpea Seeds ◽  
Fume Suppression

Abstract ECO2FUME® phosphine fumigant was used to fumigate stored cowpea piles under gas-proof sheets to assess its performance against different developmental stages of Callosobruchus maculatus and Callosobruchus chinensis. The mortality was determined on four developmental stages of C. maculatus and C. chinensis, employing ECO2FUME at different concentrations 25, 30, 40, and 50 g/m3 (2% PH3 and 98% CO2 by weight) for 3-days. All stages of both insect species in packed cowpea stacks were completely controlled at 3-days when applied with an ECO2FUME application rate of 50 g/m3. Cases of pupae of C. maculatus and C. chinensis exhibit the highest resistance than other stages, with 78.2 and 73.93% mortality respectively, at 40 g/m3 after 3-days post-exposure to ECO2FUME. Suppression of F1 generation was obtained after fumigation with the same concentration (50 g/m3). Quality (in terms of cowpea germination) and all chemical constituents of cowpea seeds were non significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected by the fumigation concentration of 50 g/m3.

scholarly journals Efficacy of natural oils against the biological activity on Callosobruchus maculatus and Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Mahmoud Amin Sabbour
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Effective Dosage ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Storage Pests ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Natural Oils ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Abstract Background Callosobruchus maculatus and C. chinensis (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are dangerous insects to stored grains. They are controlled by chemical insecticides, which cause a lot of harmful diseases and pollute the environment. Essential oils are a new trend for controlling of storage pests. Methods The nano-encapsulation process was carried out by polymerization technology. The tested nano-oils were experimented at tested concentration (0.5%) for their insecticidal activities against the third-instar larvae of tested insects. After 7 days of exposure, accumulative mortality percentages were calculated in the treated and untreated control. Also, the tested nano-oils were sprayed to the foam granules and were mixed with 2 g foam/100 g cow pea for testing the oviposition inhibitory effects of the tested oils. Additionally, the experiment was designed to test the latent effect of the tested oils against C. maculatus and C. chinensis on foam as surface protectant after 90-day intervals. Results After 7 days of treatments, the accumulations of C. maculatus were 61.2, 42.0, 46.6, and 35.5% after being treated with rosemary, catnip, garlic, and citronella oil, respectively, as compared to 0.3% in the control. When C. chinensis were treated with corresponding oils, the accumulations obtained 68.9, 44.1, 49.9, and 37.9% as compared to 0.1% in the control. When both the target insect pests, C. maculatus and C. chinensis, were treated with the tested nano-oils, results showed that the accumulations of C. maculatus recorded 82.2, 55.8, 66.3, and 46.3% when treated with nano-rosemary, nano-anis, nano-garlic, and nano-citronella as compared to 0.1 in the control. When the corresponding nano-oils were applied against C. chinensis, the accumulations obtained 89.7, 42.8, 70.9, and 48.9% as compared to 0.1% in the control. When the tested oils and their nano were tested against C. maculatus life cycle, the number of eggs laid/female were significantly decreased to 6.4 ± 9.89 eggs/female after nano-rosemary treatments as compared to 299.9 ± 9299 eggs/female in the control. The adult emergence decreased to 1% after nano-rosemary treatments as compared to 100% in the control. The malformations of the insect significantly increased after nano-rosemary and nano-anis to 100% as compared to 0% in the control. The same results obtained when C. chinensis were treated with different tested oils. The number of eggs C. chinensis laid/female was 8.3 ± 1.0 eggs/female as compared to 298.9 ± 7.89 eggs/female in the control. Conclusion This work research indicate that some essential oils might be useful for managing C. maculatus and C. chinensis in enclosed spaces because of their fumigant harmful action. Plant essential oils and their active ingredient have potentially high bioactivity against a range of the target insect pests. Furthermore, they are highly selective to C. maculatus and C. chinensis. Incorporation of essential oils into a controlled release nano-formulation prevents rapid vaporization and degradation, increases constancy, and preserves the lower effective dosage/application. Treated foam with nano-rosemary and nano-garlic oils and covering gunny bags provided many efficient effects against tested insects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document