scholarly journals Investigation on the relationship between population synthesis of the honeybee stocks reared in Crete and their resistance to the tracheal mite Acarapis woodi, Rennie

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
B. LIAKOS (Β. ΛΙΑΚΟΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Population Synthesis ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Acarapis Woodi ◽  
Apis Mellifera Ligustica ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Tracheal Mite ◽  
Group I ◽  
Bee Colonies

The population synthesis of honey bee breeds reared in Crete by crossbreeding among the native race Apis mellifera adami, Ruttner, the Macedonian bee Apis mellifera macedonica, Ruttner, and the Italian bee Apis mellifera ligustica, Spinal, was determinated. The probable relationship between population synthesis and resistance to tracheal mite Acarapis woodi, Rennie, of these breeds was also investigated. Samples of 50 bees were taken from 45 colonies of an apiary, infested with acarine disease, in which the bees showed a great diversity in their morphological characteristics and were examined as regards: a) the morphological and morphometric characteristics of the sampled bees, and b) the number of infested colonies, the prevalence, the unilateral or bilateral infection and the parasite intensity of thoracic tracheas, from every sample infested by Acarapis woodi. After examination the colonies were classified in four groups, according to morphological and morphometric characteristics that hade the majority of the bees in each sample: Group I, hybrids of Apis mellifera macedonica, group II, hybrids of Apis mellifera ligustica, group III, hybrids of "bright yellow" type of Apis mellifera ligustica, and group IV, diversiform hybrids. From the tracheas examinations it was detected that: the population synthesis affects the resistance of bee colonies. Bee colonies of group I showed the highest resistance. On the contrary, those of group III showed the lowest. Bee colonies of the two other groups showed relatively high resistance but less high than that of A. m. macedonica.

scholarly journals Agronomic Characteristics, Anthocyanin Content, and Antioxidant Activity of Anthocynins Extracted from the Seeds of Black Rice Accessions

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-219
Author(s):  
Thuy Thi Phan ◽  
Trung Quoc Nguyen ◽  
Huong Thi Do
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ic50 Values

The objectives of this study were to investigate the morphological characteristics, grain yield, and anthocyanin content of 36 black rice accessions that were collected from different locations in Vietnam. The results showed that the black rice accessions varied in growth duration (130 to 150 days), plant height (91.5 to 143.6 cm), morphological characteristics, and yield components. Grain yield of the black rice accessions ranged from 2.8 to 8.7 tons ha-1. The black rice accessions were classified into four groups based on their anthocyanin content: group I > 0.1% anthocyanin, group II 0.05%-0.1%, group III 0.001%-0.05%, and group IV < 0.001%. BR7 had the highest anthocyanin content (0.1438%), followed by BR5 (0.1317%). Anthocyanins with the strongest antioxidant activities were extracted from BR8, BR35, BR6, BR27, BR30, BR32, BR18, BR17, BR19, and BR1 with IC50 values less than 2 µg mL-1. Seven promising black rice accessions, namely BR1, BR14, BR17, BR25, BR30, BR34, and BR35, were selected for further research based on their high anthocyanin contents, and good grain yield and yield components.

scholarly journals Keragaman dan Kekerabatan Genetik Koleksi Plasma Nutfah Teh Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi Daun dan Komponen Hasil

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Vitria Puspitasari Rahadi ◽  
Heri Syahrian Khomaeni ◽  
Liberty Chaidir ◽  
Budi Martono
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leaf Angle ◽  
Dissimilarity Matrix ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

<p><em>Tea (</em>Camellia sinensis<em> (L.) O. Kuntze) is a cross-pollinated plant that has self-incompatible character. Assembly of superior clones through artificial pollination requires information of genetic relationships between accessions as a reference for parental lines selection. The study was aimed to determine the genetic diversity and relationships of 49 tea clones based on leaf morphology and yield components. The research was conducted at Pasir Sarongge experimental garden, Cianjur, West Java, from April to November 2015. The observed morphological characters were leaf length and width, leaf area, leaf angle, number of vein leaf, and internode between first and second leaves. Meanwhile, yield components were pecco number, pecco weight (p+3), banji bud number, banji bud weigth (b+1), and yield. The data were then used for descriptive analysis and grouping using UPGMA method based on dissimilarity matrix by XL-STAT software version 2009. The research showed that 49 clones observed here have variability on yield, leaf area, number of banji bud, and pecco number with coefficient of diversity 27.77%–51.83%. On the other hand, result of cluster analysis divided tea clones into four groups. The first group consisted of 34 clones with morphological characteristics similar to sinensis type (narrow leaves and low productivity). Group II comprised 12 clones with morphological characteristics (wide leaf) and productivity (high) similar to assamica type. Group III and IV, each contained one clone, and have similarity to assamica. The most far genetic relationships was found between group I and II (55.59%), while the closest one observed between group III and IV (5.76%).</em></p>

scholarly journals Differential susceptibility to the tracheal mite Acarapis woodi between Apis cerana and Apis mellifera

Apidologie ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiko Sakamoto ◽  
Taro Maeda ◽  
Mikio Yoshiyama ◽  
Jeffery S. Pettis
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Acarapis Woodi ◽  
Tracheal Mite

scholarly journals Differential autogrooming response to the tracheal mite Acarapis woodi by the honey bees Apis cerana and Apis mellifera

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Sakamoto ◽  
T. Maeda ◽  
M. Yoshiyama ◽  
F. Konno ◽  
J. S. Pettis
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Behavioral Response ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Response Threshold ◽  
Acarapis Woodi ◽  
Tracheal Mite ◽  
Apis Cerana Japonica ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe infestation of honey bees by the endoparasitic tracheal mite Acarapis woodi was first discovered in Apis mellifera on the Isle of Wight, England, and the mite has since spread to all continents except Australia. Since 2010, this tracheal mite has spread rapidly in the Japanese honey bee, Apis cerana japonica, of mainland Japan, causing considerable colony mortality. In contrast, infestations by the mites in the imported and managed European honey bee, A. mellifera, have rarely been observed in Japan. A previous laboratory experiment revealed a difference in susceptibility by demonstrating that the tracheal mite more frequently enters tracheae of A. cerana than those of A. mellifera. In this study, we compared autogrooming responses of A. cerana and A. mellifera by depositing a mite on each honey bee’s mesoscutum, and we then assessed the efficacy of autogrooming to remove the mite. The bees that received mites more frequently showed an autogrooming response compared to unchallenged bees in both bee species. However, a significantly greater proportion of A. mellifera individuals autogroomed compared to A. cerana. In addition, when bees autogroomed, A. mellifera removed the tracheal mite more effectively than A. cerana. When considering all bees in the mite-deposited group, the proportion of mite removal in A. mellifera was almost twice as high as that in A. cerana. Thus, the difference in susceptibility to the tracheal mite between these two bee species is attributed to the difference in the behavioral response threshold to mites and the effectiveness of mite removal by grooming.

TRACHEAL MITE ACARAPIS WOODI (RENNIE) (ACARI: TARSONEMIDAE) INFESTATIONS IN THE HONEY BEE, APIS MELLIFERA L. (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) IN TAMAULIPAS, MEXICO

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Lozano ◽  
J. O. Moffett ◽  
B. Campos P. ◽  
M. Guillen M. ◽  
O. N. Perez E. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
The State ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Acarapis Woodi ◽  
Tracheal Mite ◽  
Tracheal Mites ◽  
Northeastern Mexico

In a 1986 survey taken in northeastern Mexico, 44% of the 6,200 honey bees, Apis mellifera L., examined were infested with tracheal mites, Acarapis woodi (Rennie). Mites were found in 80% of the 310 colony samples of 20 bees each. These samples were taken monthly from 10 colonies in each of three apiaries located from 130 to 230 km apart in the state of Tamaulipas. Infestation levels varied greatly among apiaries, months, and between samples. Monthly infestations in individual bees ranged from a low of 2% in the Hidalgo apiary in August to a high of 97% in February in the Aldama apiary. The average infestation was 11% of the bees in the Hidalgo apiary, 35% in the Ciudad Mante apiary, and 71% in the Aldama apiary. Mite populations tended to decline in late spring and summer. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.91, p &lt; 0.01) between the percentage of bees infested in the apiary and the number of mites in each infested bee. The number of mites per infested bee ranged from an average of 14 for infested bees from the four monthly apiary samples with the lowest percentage of infested bees to 44 mites/infested bee in the four samples with the highest percent of infested bees. The average number of mites per infested bee was 34.2. The proportion of mites in each life stage varied markedly. Overall, 19% of the 92,392 mites were in the egg stage, 37% were larvae, and 44% were adults. The ratio of males to females was 1:2.43 or 29% males to 71% females. Both right and left tracheae were equally susceptable to becoming infested, as mites were found in 2,144 right and 2,138 left trachea. Both tracheae were infested in 58% of the bees parasitized with mites. There was also a highly significant correlation (r = 0.98, P &lt; 0.01) between percentage of bees infested in each sample and percentage of infested bees with mites present in both tracheae.

Field evaluation of nine families of honey bees for resistance to tracheal mites

2001 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
pp. 793-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis van Engelsdorp ◽  
Gard W. Otis
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Acarapis Woodi ◽  
Tracheal Mite ◽  
Colony Performance ◽  
Tracheal Mites ◽  
Mite Infestations

AbstractWe evaluated the resistance to tracheal mites, Acarapis woodi (Rennie) (Acari: Tarsonemidae), of colonies of honey bees, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), headed by daughters of three queens from each of three honey bee stocks: (i) British Columbia "mite-resistant stock, (ii) Buckfast "mite-resistant" stock, and (iii) Canadian unselected stock. Colonies of all nine families were distributed among four apiaries; half of the colonies in each apiary were treated with formic acid to attempt to control tracheal mites. The study documented significant differences in resistance to tracheal mites among the families of bees, even within each of the three stocks. After the first 4 months of study (by November 1993), differences in mite infestations had developed among the nine families. Formic acid treatments had either short-lived effectiveness (1993) or no effect (1994) on tracheal mite infestations, thereby eliminating the opportunity to evaluate colony performance in the absence of mites. Mite infestations varied significantly among apiary sites. This study highlights the value of evaluating sets of colonies headed by sister queens when identifying mite-resistant stock for breeding purposes.

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