Measuring diameters of great saphenous vein and common femoral vein using duplex ultrasound

Phlebologie ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (05) ◽  
pp. 263-267
Author(s):  
E. Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Common Femoral Vein ◽  
Venous Diameter ◽  
The Common ◽  
Proximal Thigh ◽  
Transverse View

SummaryFor years, measurement of the diameter of the great saphenous vein and, occasionally, the common femoral vein has been a component of many clinical studies on varicose vein treatment. There is consensus that the measurements should be conducted with the patient in the standing position and with a transverse view through the vein, but no standardised site of measurement of the venous diameter has yet been established. The shape of the great saphenous vein varies greatly at the saphenofemoral junction. Due to the curvature of the great saphenous vein, it is difficult to find a point at which the transverse view measured is at right angles to the course of the vein. According to the available data, the optimal site for measuring the great saphenous vein diameter is the proximal thigh. When measuring the common femoral vein, a transverse view immediately distal to the junction of the great saphenous vein is suggested and studies have also confirmed this.

CHIVA with endoluminal procedu res: Laser versus VNUS

Phlebologie ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Amsler ◽  
E. Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Light Reflection ◽  
Common Femoral Vein ◽  
General Data ◽  
The Common ◽  
Proximal Thigh ◽  
Saphenofemoral Junction

SummaryIntroduction: Since it’s description the CHIVA strategy was performed with surgical techniques. After the introduction of endoluminal heat techniques these might be applied also in the CHIVA context.Method: 104 patients were investigated before and 3–6 months after the treatment of the great saphenous vein (GSV) with CHIVA strategy using enoluminal heat techniques to close the groin segment (VNUS Closure-Fast™ or LASER [1470 nm, Intros radial]). General data (age, sex, BMI) and phlebological data (QoL as reflected in VCSS, clinics as C[CEAP], refilling time after muscle pump measured with light reflection rheography, diameters of GSV at the groin and proximal thigh, as well as diameters of the common femoral vein) were measured and compared.Results: Significant reduction of diameters of GSV at proximal thigh from 6.5 ± 1.6 to 3.7 ± 1.1 and VFC from 15.2 ± 2.3 to 14.8 ± 2.2 were recorded, as well as reduction of clinical scores (VCSS from 5.6 ± 3.1 to 2.2 ± 2 and C[CEAP] from 3.2 ± 1 to 2.1 ± 1.1). Refilling time improved from 20.3 ± 11 to 28.8 ± 10.2. Results are comparable to those achieved after surgical crossectomy and published in other series.Conclusion: The disconnection of the insufficiency point at the saphenofemoral junction seems to be possible in the context of CHIVA Strategy applying endoluminal heat technique. No difference could be found between both techniques, Laser or VNUS Closure-Fast™.

Venous Reflux at the Sapheno-Femoral Junction

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Somjen ◽  
J. Donlan ◽  
J. Hurse ◽  
J. Bartholomew ◽  
A. H. Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Duplex Scan ◽  
Common Femoral Vein ◽  
Long Saphenous Vein ◽  
The Common

Objectives: To clarify reflux patterns in the sapheno-femoral junction in legs with varicose veins that display incompetence in the proximal long saphenous vein on duplex scan examination. Patients and method: One hundred consecutive extremities were selected for ultrasound studies. Venous reflux was examined in the common femoral vein and long saphenous vein at five selected levels in the vicinity of the sapheno-femoral junction. Results: Duplex ultrasound examination confirmed that in 44 extremities reflux was detectable both in the long saphenous vein and common femoral vein indicating ‘true’ sapheno-femoral incompetence. In 56 legs reflux was limited to the long saphenous vein, whilst the first saphenous valve remained competent. The ultrasound examination suggested that in these cases the reflux originated from the numerous tributaries of the proximal long saphenous vein. Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the transfascial escape (reflux from the deep veins) is not a necessary precondition of long saphenous vein incompetence and related varicose veins.

Minor tributary veins of the common femoral vein near the saphenofemoral junction – A postmortem study

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 792-798
Author(s):  
Dominic Mühlberger ◽  
Achim Mumme ◽  
Markus Stücker ◽  
Erich Brenner ◽  
Thomas Hummel
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Common Femoral Vein ◽  
The Common ◽  
Saphenofemoral Junction

Objectives Recurrent varicose veins after surgery are a frequent burden and the saphenofemoral junction is the most common source of reflux. Pre-existing branches of the common femoral vein near the saphenofemoral junction, which may increase due to haemodynamic or other reasons, could play a role in the development of recurrent varices. There exist only a few anatomical data about the prevalence of these minor venous tributaries of the common femoral vein near the saphenofemoral junction. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate their frequency and distribution. Method A total of 59 veins from 35 anatomical donors were dissected. The common femoral vein with the adherent parts of the profunda femoris vein and the great saphenous vein was exposed and analysed ex situ. The number of minor tributaries to the common femoral vein was counted and their distances to the saphenofemoral junction as well their diameters were measured. Results We could identify up to 10 minor tributaries of the common femoral vein below the level of the great saphenous vein as far as 6 cm distally and up to four veins above the level as far as 5 cm proximally. The mean diameters of these vessels ranged from 0.5 to 11.7 mm. Most of these vessels were located near the saphenofemoral junction and 3 cm distally. Directly opposite to the opening of the great saphenous vein we could find at least one minor tributary of the common femoral vein in 57%. Conclusions There exist a vast number of minor tributaries of the common femoral vein and they are mainly located near the saphenofemoral junction. Nevertheless, their role in the development of recurrent varices is still unclear and further studies are necessary.

The ostial valve of the great saphenous vein

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Tasch ◽  
E Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Common Femoral Vein ◽  
Venous Valves ◽  
The Common ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Clear Description

Background Venous valves have been classified into parietal (PVs) and ostial valves (OVs). PVs are located within the lumen of veins, whereas the OVs are located directly at the confluence of two veins. In the common femoral vein (CFV), the most prominent PVs are the suprasaphenic and infrasaphenic valve. The terminal valve (often designated as ‘valvule ostiale’ in the relevant literature in French) defined as that lying between the orifice of the great saphenous vein (GSV) and the most proximal of the major superficial tributary veins and the preterminal valve represent the most important PVs in the GSV. While PVs are well studied, there is not much literature on the OVs of the superficial venous system, especially of the GSV. Objective In order to investigate the presence of OVs (defined strictly as valves located at the entrance of a tributary vein) in the GSV, we carried out studies on specimens obtained from bodies bequested to the Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy of Innsbruck Medical University. Methods Ninety-eight specimens consisting of the CFV and the attached tributary veins including the GSV were investigated. Results In five of these (5.1%), a single-cusped OV, in six (6.1%) a two-cusped OV and in 10 (10.2%) remnants of an OV were identified. Thus, OVs do not seem to be primarily present in all GSVs. Conclusion The distinction between PVs and OVs is not always clear in literature, and as a consequence misinterpretations may occur. Very often the terminal valve of the GSV, which is in fact a PV, is designated as an ‘ostial valve’. In view of its widespread use, we suggest that the term ‘ostial valve’ together with its clear description be included in the consensus documents of the ‘Union Internationale de Phlébologie’.

Morphometric characteristics of competent proximal valves of the great saphenous vein and superficial femoral vein in vivo according to ultrasound angioscanning data

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
E. K. Gavrilov ◽  
H. L. Bolotokov ◽  
E. A. Babinets
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Functional Test ◽  
Natural Form ◽  
Superficial Femoral Vein ◽  
Venous Diameter

Introduction. It seems relevant to study the ultrasound anatomy and physiology of the proximal valve segments of the superficial femoral vein (SFV) and the great saphenous vein (GSV) to develop effective reconstructive surgical interventions on venous valves in chronic vein diseases.The aim of the survey was to study the ultrasound anatomy of the venous wall, the size and shape of the proximal SFV and GSV valves are normal at rest and during the functional test Valsalva.Material and methods. Proximal valve SFV studies were performed in 144 lower limbs in 115 people (mean age 51.1 ± 14.4 years, 60 women and 55 men), proximal GSV valves studies - in 82 lower limbs in 67 persons (average age 45, 1 ± 13.3 years, 33 women, 34 men). A longitudinal and transverse ultrasound scanning of the femoral vein bifurcation and safenofemoral junction areas were performed, the structures of the proximal SFV and GSV valves were visualized, the valve shape was measured and the diameter of the veins was measured at the level valves at the base of the valves (inlet diameter), at the point of maximum ectasia (diameter of ectasia), at the upper border of the valve (diameter of the outlet), as well as measuring the length of the valve a (length to ectasia, the total length of the valve). The degree of ectasia over the valve was judged by calculating the relative venous diameter change (RVDC).Results. the average diameter of the SFV at the level of the lower boundary of its first valve was 10.01 ± 1.44 mm. The average diameter of the SFV at the level of the maximum ectasia of its first valve was 13,1±2 mm. The average value of the index of RVDC for SFV was 31%±10,4%. An increase in the diameter of the vein in the zone of supravalvular ectasia up to 20% corresponded to the spindle-shaped valve, more than 20% - to the clavate form, which was noted in the majority of the examined. The change in the relative venous diameter of the SFV on the Valsalva test was 38,2%±12,4%. The average diameter of the GSV at the base of the first valves was 6,07±1,25 mm. The average diameter of the GSV at the level of the maximum ectasia of the osteal valve was 9,44±1,69 mm. The average RVDC for GSV was 58%±24%.Conclusion. the natural form of proximal SFV and GSV valves is clavate with presence of the significant supravalvular ectasia, which was noted in the majority of the subjects alone and in all during the performance of the Valsalva functional test.

scholarly journals ANATOMICAL MEASUREMENTS OF GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN AND SUPERFICIAL FEMORAL VEIN BY COLORED DUPLEX ULTRASOUND.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1012-1020
Author(s):  
IbrahimA Maher ◽  
◽  
HosamA Tawfik ◽  
IbrahimHEl Azzony ◽  
NearmeenM Rashad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Superficial Femoral Vein

Incidence of Stent Thrombosis after Endovascular Treatment of Iliofemoral or Caval Veins in Patients with the Postthrombotic Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (12) ◽  
pp. 2064-2073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Sebastian ◽  
David Spirk ◽  
Rolf P. Engelberger ◽  
Jörn F. Dopheide ◽  
Frederic A. Baumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stent Thrombosis ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Postthrombotic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Common Femoral Vein ◽  
The Common

Abstract Background Patients with postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) treated with stents are at risk of stent thrombosis (ST). The incidence of ST in the presence and absence of anticoagulation therapy (AT) is unknown. Risk factors are not well understood. Patients and Methods From the prospective Swiss Venous Stent registry, we conducted a subgroup analysis of 136 consecutive patients with PTS. Incidence of ST was estimated from duplex ultrasound or venography, and reported for the time on and off AT. Baseline, procedural, and follow-up data were evaluated to identify factors associated with ST. Results Median follow-up was 20 (interquartile range [IQR] 9–40) months. AT was stopped in 43 (32%) patients after 12 (IQR 6–14) months. Cumulative incidence of ST was 13.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.8–19.6%) and 21.2% (95% CI 13.2–29.2%) during the first 6 and 36 months, respectively. The time-adjusted incidence rate was 11.2 (95% CI 7.7–16.2) events per 100 patient-years, 11.3 (95% CI 7.3–17.3) for the period on, and 11.2 (95% CI 5.3–23.6) for the period off AT. May–Thurner syndrome (MTS) was associated with decreased incidence of ST (hazard ratio [HR] 0.37, 95% CI 0.15–0.91), whereas age < 40 years (HR 2.26, 95% CI 1.03–4.94), stents below the common femoral vein (HR 3.03, 95% CI 1.28–7.19), and postthrombotic inflow veins (HR 2.92, 95% CI 1.36–6.25) were associated with increased incidence. Conclusion The 6-month incidence of ST was considerably high. Beyond 6 months, consecutive annual incidence rates persisted at 4.1 and 3.4% per year thereafter. Patients with higher incidence of ST were younger, had stents below the common femoral vein, postthrombotic leg inflow veins, and less often MTS. Incidence rates for the period on and off AT must be interpreted with caution. Clinical Trial Registration The study is registered on the National Institutes of Health Web site (ClinicalTrials.gov; identifier NCT02433054).

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