scholarly journals Unexpected results in Chernozem soil respiration while measuring the effect of a bio-fertilizer on soil microbial activity

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1950
Author(s):  
Gabriela Bautista ◽  
Bence Mátyás
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Optimal Moisture Content

The number of studies investigating the effect of bio-fertilizers is increasing because of their importance in sustainable agriculture and environmental quality. In our experiments, we measured the effect of different fertilizers on soil respiration. In the present study, we were looking for the cause of unexpected changes in CO2 values while examining Chernozem soil samples. We concluded that CO2 oxidizing microbes or methanotrophs may be present in the soil that periodically consume CO2 . This is unusual for a sample taken from the upper layer of well-ventilated Chernozem soil with optimal moisture content.

scholarly journals Unexpected results in Chernozem soil respiration while measuring the effect of a bio-fertilizer on soil microbial activity

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Bautista ◽  
Bence Mátyás ◽  
Isabel Carpio ◽  
Richard Vilches ◽  
Karina Pazmino
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Optimal Moisture Content

The number of studies investigating the effect of bio-fertilizers is increasing because of their importance in sustainable agriculture and environmental quality. In our experiments, we measured the effect of different fertilizers on soil respiration. In the present study, we were looking for the cause of unexpected changes in CO2 values while examining Chernozem soil samples. We concluded that CO2 oxidizing microbes or methanotrophs may be present in the soil that periodically consume CO2 . This is unusual for a sample taken from the upper layer of well-ventilated Chernozem soil with optimal moisture content.

scholarly journals Comparison of effects exerted by bio-fertilizers, NPK fertilizers, and cultivation methods on soil respiration in Chernozem soil

La Granja ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bence Mátyás ◽  
Daniel A. Lowy ◽  
Ankit Singla ◽  
Jesus R. Melendez ◽  
Sándor Zsolt
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Global Soil ◽  
Cultivation Methods

Soil respiration is a significant indicator of soil microbial activity; global soil respiration and decomposition processes release yearly to the atmosphere a total of 220 billion tons of carbon dioxide. Therefore, studies on the whole- or one particular aspect of soil carbon cycle aiming at optimizing agricultural carbon dioxide emissions or improving carbon sequestration contribute to a sustainable agriculture practice. In this paper we present the effects of biofertilizer application (Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus circulans, and Pseudomonas putida) on soil respiration in chernozem soil. Experiments were performed at Látókép Experimental Station, belonging to the University of Debrecen, Hungary. Additionally, we compare our results with findings of prior studies related to commercial NPK fertilizer applications (in four doses: N60P45K45; N120P90K90; N180 P135K135;  and N240P180K180),  and two different cultivation methods (ploughed, loosened, RTK in rows, and RTK between rows); these investigations were conducted at the same experimental station. Our results indicate lower tendency for soil respiration, when biofertilizers are applied as compared to commercialNPK fertilizers, which enables to decrease CO2 emission in the environment.We also discuss a unit change indifferent alkali absorption-based methods (Oxitop and Witkamp) to facilitate comparability of recently acquired data with results of previous long-term fertilization experiments.

scholarly journals The Chemical Composition of Biogas Digestates Determines Their Effect on Soil Microbial Activity

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Nielsen ◽  
Christina-Luise Roß ◽  
Marieke Hoffmann ◽  
Andreas Muskolus ◽  
Frank Ellmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Carbon Mineralization ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Different Soils

Digestates are commonly used as organic inputs in agriculture. This study aimed to answer four questions: (1) What are the immediate and longer-term impacts of digestates on soil microbial activity?; (2) How much of the digestates’ carbon is mineralized within the first months? (3) How do the nitrogen, lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose contents of digestates influence microbial activity and carbon mineralization? (4) How does the soil type influence mineralization? To investigate this, dehydrogenase activity (DHA) was measured in a field trial and in laboratory experiments with five digestates (DGs), cattle slurry, and cattle manure. DHA measurements were supplemented with soil respiration experiments using two different soils. DHA was significantly increased by all organic inputs, but decreased back to the control level within seven months under field conditions. Twenty percent to 44% of the organic carbon (Corg) in the digestates was converted to CO2 after 178 days. Soil respiration was significantly negatively correlated to lignin content (r = −0.82, p < 0.01) and not correlated to nitrogen, cellulose, or hemicellulose content. On the basis of equal carbon application, slurry promoted soil respiration and DHA more strongly than digestates in the short term.

Short-term response of soil respiration and soil enzymatic activities to biochar application in semiarid agricultural soils under a climate change scenario

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iria Benavente-Ferraces ◽  
Ana Rey ◽  
Marco Panettieri ◽  
Claudio Zaccone ◽  
Gabriel Gascó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
C Mineralization ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Rainfall Reduction

&lt;p&gt;The application of biochar is presumed to be a climate change mitigation strategy in agriculture. However, we still need to better understand the effects of biochar application on soil properties, particularly on soil microbial activity. This is because soil microorganisms play a key role in ecosystems functioning, as they have a central role in soil metabolic activity given that they are responsible for soil organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling. Conversely, little is known about how climate change will affect the soil microbial activity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In a rainfed field experiment, we studied the effect of forecasted warming and rainfall reduction on soil respiration and soil enzymatic activities after 3 years of consecutive application of biochar at a rate of 20 t/ha on a barley-camelina-fallow rotation in a semiarid region in Central Spain. Soil respiration was not affected by the application of biochar or/and warming and rainfall reduction treatments in comparison to the control treatment (no amendment). However, biochar amended soils had lower temperature sensitivity of soil C mineralization in the first two years when soils were cultivated but higher temperature sensitivity of soil C mineralization in the third year during fallow treatment. Enzymes involved in the C and N cycles (dehydrogenase, &amp;#946;-glucosidase and urease) significantly increased their activity under warming and rainfall reduction treatments, albeit biochar application tended to decrease the enzymatic activity under those treatments.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Acknowledgments: to the Spanish MICINN (MINECO, AEI, FEDER, EU) for supporting the research projects AGL2016-75762-R and CGL2015-65162-R.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Comparison of heat output and CO2 respiration to assess soil microbial activity: a case of ultisol soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 470-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Xiuhong ◽  
Cao Haichuan ◽  
Jiang Lanlan ◽  
Yuan Jihong ◽  
Zheng Shixue
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Total Phospholipid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Heat Output ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Comprehensive Indicator

Glucose-induced microcalorimetry and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) production are two widely applied methods to assess microbial activity in soil. However, the links among them, microbial communities and soil chemical properties based on large number of soil samples are still not fully understood. Seventy-two soil samples of different land uses were collected from an ultisol soil area in south China. The best correlation between the rate of heat output and the rate of CO<sub>2</sub> respiration occurred in 8–16 h reaction (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.64), followed by 0–8 h (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.50) (P &lt; 0.001). However, the correlations decreased sharply after 16 h. The heat output per biomass unit (Q<sub>T</sub>/MBC) was well correlated with the total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.56) and bacterial PLFAs (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.53) (P &lt; 0.001). In contrast, these links were not apparent between soil respiratory quotient (qCO<sub>2</sub>) and the total PLFAs and microbial communities. Redundancy analysis further confirmed that Q<sub>T</sub>/MBC was a more comprehensive indicator to assess soil microbial activity and soil quality than qCO<sub>2</sub>, showing a good negative correlation to soil organic carbon, total nitrogen (N) and mineral N, and pH. This work is very helpful to better guide the application of calorimetry and CO<sub>2</sub> respiration in assessing microbial activity in soils.

scholarly journals Soil CO2 respiration: Comparison of chemical titration, CO2 IRGA analysis and the Solvita gel system

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Haney ◽  
W.F. Brinton ◽  
E. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Gel System

AbstractThe measurement of soil carbon dioxide respiration is a means to gauge biological soil fertility. Test methods for respiration employed in the laboratory vary somewhat, and to date the equipment and labor required have somewhat limited more widespread adoption of such methodologies. The purpose of this research is to compare the results of measured soil CO2 respiration using three methods: (1) titration method; (2) infrared gas analysis (IRGA); and (3) the Solvita gel system for soil CO2 analysis. We acquired 36 soil samples from across the USA for comparison, which ranged in pH from 4.5 to 8.5, organic C from 0.8 to 4.6% and the clay content from 6 to 62%. All three methods were highly correlated with each other after 24-h of incubation (titration and Solvita r2=0.82, respirometer and Solvita r2=0.79 and titration versus respirometer r2=0.95). The 24-h (1-day) CO2 release from all three methods was also highly correlated to both basal soil respiration (7–28 days) and cumulative 28-day CO2 respiration. An additional 24 soil samples were acquired and added to the original 36, for a total of 60 soil samples. These samples were used for calibration of the Solvita gel digital color reader results using CO2-titration results and regression analysis. Regression analysis resulted in the equation y=20.6∗(Solvita number)−16.5 with an r2 of 0.83. The data suggest that the Solvita gel system for soil CO2 analysis could be a simple and easily used method to quantify soil microbial activity. Applications may also exist for the gel system for in situ measurements in surface gas chambers. Once standardized soil sampling and laboratory analysis protocols are established, the Solvita method could be easily adapted to commercial soil testing labs as an index of soil microbial activity.

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