scholarly journals Early elevated serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase after liver transplantation is associated with better survival

F1000Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edris M Alkozai ◽  
Ton Lisman ◽  
Robert J Porte ◽  
Maarten W Nijsten
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Background: Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is a membrane bound enzyme that plays a key role in the synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione. Epidemiological studies have linked high GGT with an increased risk of morbidity and cardiovascular mortality. In contrast, GGT is usually elevated in liver transplant recipients that experience good outcomes.Aims: To study if and how GGT is correlated with mortality following liver transplantation.Methods: We analyzed the prognostic relevance of serum GGT levels during the early and late postoperative period after liver transplantation in 522 consecutive adults. We also studied alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin levels.Results: Early after transplantation, the peak median (interquartile range) GGT levels were significantly higher in patients who survived more than 90 days compared to non-survivors: 293 (178-464) vs. 172 (84-239) U/l, p<0.0001. In contrast, late after transplantation, GGT levels were significantly lower in patients who survived more than 5 years than those who did not (p<0.01). The pattern of GGT levels also differed from those of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin early after transplantation, while these patterns were congruent late after transplantation. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that early after transplantation the higher the GGT levels, the better the 90-day survival (p<0.001). In contrast, late after transplantation, higher GGT levels were associated with a lower 5-year survival (p<0.001).Conclusions:  These paradoxical findings may be explained by the time-dependent role of GGT in glutathione metabolism. Immediate postoperative elevation of GGT may indicate a physiological systemic response while chronic elevation reflects a pathological response.

scholarly journals Assessment of liver enzymes in saliva and serum of Iraqi patients with chronic periodontitis disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Hussein SH. Ridha ◽  
Zahraa H.M. Kadri
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Aspartate Transaminase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Objective: The present study aimed to assess of four liver enzymes, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT). Material and Methods: Based on periodontal clinical parameters, sixty four patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and twenty four controls were enrolled in the study. Saliva and serum samples were collected and Automated Chemistry Analyzer AU 480 was employed to assess levels of enzymes. Results: Compared to healthy controls, the levels of the four enzymes were significant increased in serum of patients, especially in the severe group while in the saliva a significant increase observed only in the level of AST. Moreover, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT) the levels of these enzymes in serum were significantly higher than those in saliva. Conclusion: ALT, AST, ALP and GGT serum levels are suggested to be important indicators for disease progression as well as predict the liver health.  

scholarly journals Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase as a prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular cancer patients especially with >5 cm tumors, treated by liver transplantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkan Ince ◽  
Brian I. Carr ◽  
Harika Gozukara Bag ◽  
Cemalettin Koc ◽  
Sertac Usta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Hepatocellular Cancer ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Tumor Diameter ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Background Serum AFP levels are typically elevated in less than 50% of hepatocellular cancer (HCC) patients. Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels have been suggested to be a potentially useful HCC biomarker. Aims To assess in a cohort of prospectively evaluated HCC patients who underwent liver transplant and whose survival was known; the occurrence, prognosis, and clinical characteristics of patients with elevated serum GGT levels. Results Serum GGT levels were found to be elevated in a higher proportion in patients with either small or large HCC than alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, and were significantly related to prognosis in patients with large size HCCs. There was no clear correlation between GGT and AFP levels, likely reflecting different HCC characteristics or HCC cell lineages associated with these two markers. Furthermore, elevated GGT was found in 24% of low-AFP patients with small tumors and 46% with large tumors. Elevated GGT levels were also significantly associated with microvascular invasion and tumor diameter. Conclusions Elevated serum GGT levels were associated with HCC size and worse survival, and were unrelated to AFP levels. GGT may be a useful prognostic tumor marker, especially for low-AFP HCC patients.

scholarly journals Probing the Interactions of Sulfur-Containing Histidine Compounds with Human Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonsina Milito ◽  
Mariarita Brancaccio ◽  
Michael Lisurek ◽  
Mariorosario Masullo ◽  
Anna Palumbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Embryonic Cells ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Docking Analysis ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is a cell surface enzyme involved in glutathione metabolism and maintenance of redox homeostasis. High expression of GGT on tumor cells is associated with an increase of cell proliferation and resistance against chemotherapy. GGT inhibitors that have been evaluated in clinical trials are too toxic for human use. We have previously identified ovothiols, 5(Nπ)-methyl-thiohistidines of marine origin, as non-competitive-like inhibitors of GGT that are more potent than the known GGT inhibitor, 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON), and are not toxic for human embryonic cells. We extended these studies to the desmethylated form of ovothiol, 5-thiohistidine, and confirmed that this ovothiol derivative also acts as a non-competitive-like GGT inhibitor, with a potency comparable to ovothiol. We also found that both 5-thiohistidine derivatives act as reversible GGT inhibitors compared to the irreversible DON. Finally, we probed the interactions of 5-thiohistidines with GGT by docking analysis and compared them with the 2-thiohistidine ergothioneine, the physiological substrate glutathione, and the DON inhibitor. Overall, our results provide new insight for further development of 5-thiohistidine derivatives as therapeutics for GGT-positive tumors.

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