scholarly journals Public Health and Economic Importance of Bovine Brucellosis: An Overview

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendra Pal ◽  
Fikru Gizaw ◽  
Gelane Fekadu ◽  
Gezahagn Alemayehu ◽  
Venkataramana Kandi
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inácio José Clementino ◽  
Sérgio Santos de Azevedo

Bovine brucellosis caused by Brucella abortus is present throughout Brazil, whose prevalence distribution shows variations among states and within the productive areas of the states, causing serious losses to cattle production and public health due to risk of transmission to humans. Therefore, since 2001, the National Program for the Control and Eradication of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (PNCEBT) is being implemented in all Federative Units of Brazil, based on the compulsory vaccination of bovine females, control of animal movement and certification of brucellosis-free herds. This review covers the current epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis in Brazil, issues related to public health and economic importance, as well as Brazilian initiatives to control the disease.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-33
Author(s):  
Wakuma Mitiku ◽  
Garoma Desa

Brucellosis is an infectious zoonotic bacterial disease caused by a member of the genus Brucella. The disease affects both animals and human beings resulting in a serious economic loss in the animal production sector and deterioration of public health. Bovine brucellosis is highly prevalent and has significant economic and zoonotic implications for the rural communities in consequence of their traditional lifestyles, feeding habits, and disease patterns. The possible sources of infections include all infected tissues, aborted fetuses, vaginal discharges, and potentially contaminated materials. The nature of the pathogenesis of the diseases lies in the presence of the bacteria in the cells and employing various methods to survive in the phagocytic cells. The disease can be transmitted from an infected host to susceptible animals in direct and indirect contact. Various methods are employed for the diagnosis of brucellosis including microscopic examination, culture methods, serological and molecular biology. The public health importance of brucellosis is much related to the infected animal species from which human transmission occurs. The economic importance of brucellosis depends upon the species of animal affected. It can cause considerable losses in cattle as a result of abortion and a reduction in milk yield. The most rational approach for control of Brucella abortus infection is by vaccinating young female animals. To deal with diseases like brucellosis, the public in general and high-risk groups, in particular, should be made aware of the zoonotic and economic importance of brucellosis through veterinary extension education.


2020 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 292-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Dubey ◽  
F.H.A. Murata ◽  
C.K. Cerqueira-Cézar ◽  
O.C.H. Kwok

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 2133-2143
Author(s):  
Olga Lucia Herrán Ramirez ◽  
Huarrisson Azevedo Santos ◽  
Ingrid Lorena Jaramillo Delgado ◽  
Isabele da Costa Angelo

Parasitology ◽  
1912 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gordon Hewitt

The two flies Fannia canicularis Linn, and F. scalaris Fab. are, on account of their habits, of considerable economic importance in their relation to man. It is therefore desirable that those engaged in public health and medical work and others should have a knowledge of the breeding and other habits of these flies, which they are certain to meet in their work under circumstances of varying importance. The inquiry of which this account is the result was undertaken several years ago at the request of Dr Monckton Copeman in connection with the Local Government Board's inquiry on the carriage of infection by flies in the reports of which a portion of this paper has been included. Owing to my removal from England to Canada in 1909 and subsequent pressure of work, its completion was delayed.


1929 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
George Hilton

The Canadian Federal authorities, realising that the control of bovine tuberculosis is a problem of supreme economic importance to cattle owners, individually and collectively, and that it also affects public health, have for many years given careful consideration to the subject.As it has always been only too apparent that progress in the control of this disease depended to a great extent upon public opinion, the policy of the Federal Department of Agriculture has been governed accordingly.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadji Bifo ◽  
Getachew Gugsa ◽  
Tsegabirhan Kifleyohannes ◽  
Engidaw Abebe ◽  
Meselu Ahmed

AbstractBovine brucellosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by members of genus Brucella, affecting both animals and humans, and resulting in a serious economic loss in animal production sector and deterioration of public health. This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 to determine the sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine brucellosis in Sendafa, Oromia special Zone, Ethiopia. A total of 503 blood samples were collected using simple random sampling technique from dairy cattle of above 6 months of age with no history of previous vaccination against brucellosis. All sera samples were demonstrated using both Rose Bengal Plate Test for screening and Compliment Fixation Test for confirmation. Accordingly, the overall sero-prevalence of bovine brucellosis in this area was 0.40%. The result showed that the sero-prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the study area was not statistically significant with all proposed risk factors. Thus, the study revealed the absence of significant statistical variation in the sero-prevalence of bovine brucellosis in different age, sex groups, breeding method and history of previous abortions (P>0.05). No reactors were observed in male animals. Sero-prevalence of 0.40% was observed in animals without previous history of abortion. Moreover, information was gathered on individual animal and farm-level risk factors and other farm characteristics using a questionnaire. The awareness among the society was poor, so the positive animals can be a potential hazard to animals and humans in the study area. Therefore, public education should be done in order to improve the awareness of people on bovine brucellosis and its public health impact with due consideration on the safely consumption of food of animal origin.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Pogorelov

Актуальность изучения пространственных аспектов заболеваемости обусловлена прежде всего современной общественной значимостью охраны здоровья населения. Цель представленного исследования заключалась в территориальнодифференцированной сравнительной оценке общей заболеваемости населения Камчатского края в разрезе административных районов. Для сравнительной оценки уровня заболеваемости населения в административных районах Камчатского края выбраны два однолетних временных периода (2011 и 2018 гг.) и произведен расчет сумм установленных значений по 17 основным классам болезней МКБ10. В дальнейшем произведено итоговое ранжирование исследуемых административнотерриториальных единиц Камчатского края. Все районы распределены на пять групп по уровню общей заболеваемости населения (очень низкий, низкий, средний, высокий, очень высокий). В 2011 г. в группу очень высокого уровня общей заболеваемости вошли 4 района, высокого уровня 4, среднего уровня 1, низкого уровня 1 и очень низкого уровня 3. В 2018 г. в группу очень высокого уровня общей заболеваемости вошли 4 района, высокого уровня 2, среднего уровня 1, низкого уровня 3, очень низкого 3. Выявлено, что устойчивую позитивную позицию в 2011 и 2018 гг. сохраняет г. Вилючинск, который отличается очень низким уровнем заболеваемости. Олюторский и Тигильский районы устойчиво сохраняют негативную позицию в 2011 и 2018 гг. в группе районов с очень высоким уровнем общей заболеваемости населения. Вместе с тем обнаружено, что в Камчатском крае в 2011 и 2018 гг. сохраняется напряженность по заболеваемости населения болезнями органов дыхания, пищеварения, травмами и отравлениями, по которым в последнем исследуемом году в 9 районах наблюдалась заболеваемость выше среднего по региону. Наименее напряженная ситуация отмечена для класса врожденных аномалий и новообразований, по которым в 2011 и 2018 гг. соответственно наблюдалась заболеваемость населения выше среднего по региону.The topicality of the study of spatial aspects of the population disease rate is determined by social and economic importance of public health protecting. The purpose of this study lies in territorial assessment of the population disease rate of the Kamchatka Region by administrative districts. A comparative territorial assessment was carried out for two years (2011 and 2018). Values were established for the main classes of diseases for all administrative districts of the Kamchatka Region. The final rating is compiled for the studied administrativeterritorial units of the Kamchatka Region. This rating included five territorial groups on disease incidence rate (very high, high, medium, low, very low). In 2011, all the districts were distributed in the following order: very high 4, high 4, medium 1, low 1, very low 3. In 2018, all the districts were distributed in the following order: very high 4, high 2, medium 1, low 3, very low 3. A stable positive position is typical for one district (Vilyuchinsk). A stable negative position is typical for two districts of Koryakia (Olyutorsky, Tigilsky). We also found a negative regional situation in the population disease rate by three disease classes in 2011 and 2018 (diseases of the respiratory system diseases of the digestive system injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes). Two disease classes (neoplasms congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities) are characterized by the lowest prevalence in districts of the Kamchatka Region.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0238212
Author(s):  
Hadji Bifo ◽  
Getachew Gugsa ◽  
Tsegabirhan Kifleyohannes ◽  
Engidaw Abebe ◽  
Meselu Ahmed

Bovine brucellosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by members of genus Brucella, affecting both animals and humans, and resulting in a serious economic loss in animal production sector and deterioration of public health. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 to determine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of bovine brucellosis in Sendafa, Oromia Special Zone, Ethiopia. A total of 503 blood samples were collected using a simple random sampling technique from dairy cattle of above 6 months of age with no history of previous vaccination against brucellosis. All sera samples were subjected to both Rose Bengal Plate Test for screening and Complement Fixation Test for confirmation. Accordingly, the overall seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis in the study area was 0.40%. The result showed that the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis in the study area was not statistically significant with all proposed risk factors. No reactors were observed in male animals. The seroprevalence was observed in animals without previous history of abortion. Moreover, information was gathered on individual animal and farm-level risk factors and other farm characteristics using a questionnaire. Awareness among society was poor, so the positive animals can be a potential hazard to animals and humans in the study area. Therefore, public education should be done to improve the awareness of the community on bovine brucellosis and its public health impact with due consideration on the safe consumption of food of animal origin.


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