Acidification of Pig Slurry Effects on Nitrogen Mineralization and Ammonia Emission

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Sang-Hyun Park ◽  
Tae-Hwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Pig Slurry

Ammonia emission from slurry applied to wheat stubble and rape in North Germany

1991 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-G. Bless ◽  
R. Beinhauer ◽  
B. Sattelmacher
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Rainy Period ◽  
Warm Weather ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
North Germany ◽  
Liquid Slurry ◽  
Ammonia Flux

SUMMARYIn 1989 three experiments with up to three different treatments each were carried out in North Germany to determine the ammonia flux densities after the application of liquid slurry using the micrometeorological mass balance method.In Expts 1 and 2, pig slurry was applied with a conventional surface spreader to wheat stubble. The results demonstrated the influence of meteorological conditions and that of incorporation on the extent of ammonia volatilization. In comparison to warm and windy conditions, NH3 losses decreased from 56% of the NH4-N applied to wheat stubble to 42% during a cool and rainy period. When slurry was incorporated immediately into the soil, ammonia losses were significantly reduced to 20 and 10%, respectively, of the applied NH4-N. The highest losses (67% NH4-N) were found when slurry was applied during warm weather on wheat stubble covered with chopped straw. Soil cultivation of the wheat stubble before the application of slurry diminished the ammonia emission from 42 to 28% of the NH4-N.In Expt 3, cattle slurry was applied to rape. It was found that compared with a conventional surface spreader the ammonia volatilization was reduced from 68 to 58% of the NH4-N when an alternative distribution system consisting of drag hoses was used for the application.

scholarly journals The effect of acidification of pig slurry digestate applied on winter rapeseed on the ammonia emission reduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 390 ◽  
pp. 012043
Author(s):  
Paula Eihe ◽  
Lasma Lucija Vebere ◽  
Inga Grinfelde ◽  
Jovita Pilecka ◽  
Varvara Sachpazidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Winter Rapeseed

scholarly journals Investigation on the effects of vermiculite-based feed additives on ammonia and nitrate emission from pig slurry and pig growth performances

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Consigliere ◽  
Annamaria Costa ◽  
Domenico Meloni
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Additive Group ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Fattening Pigs

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of vermiculite-based feed additives used in fattening pigs on the concentrations of nitrogen compounds in manure and atmosphere and upon measures of pig production efficiency. The trial was conducted in a fattening unit representative of Italian commercial units. The pigs were routinely fed twice a day with a feed ration identical for all the pigs except for the addition of the vermiculite additive (group A). During the fattening period, the evolution of atmospheric ammonia concentration, total nitrogen, ammonia and nitrates of slurry and pigs live weight gain were evaluated. The inclusion at very low dosage of vermiculite-based feed additives in fattening pigs increased the nitrification activity in the treated slurry. No reduction of the ammonia emission was obtained. The average growth rate of the treated group was higher, whilst the feed conversion rate was similar in both groups.

Laboratory assessment of ammonia emission after soil application of treated and untreated manures

2011 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. MONACO ◽  
D. SACCO ◽  
S. PELISSETTI ◽  
E. DINUCCIO ◽  
P. BALSARI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Silty Loam ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Physical And Chemical

SUMMARYAmmonia (NH3) volatilization from soil-applied manure not only causes environmental pollution but also reduces the fertilization value of the manure. Anaerobic digestion and solid/liquid separation alter the physical and chemical characteristics of slurry, which affect NH3 emissions after application. The present study measured potential laboratory NH3 losses from different manures, untreated pig slurry and the liquid fractions of each untreated and digested slurry, after their application to two different soil types. The experiment was carried out in dynamic chambers using a photoacoustic infrared gas analyser to determine the NH3 concentration in the air stream directly.The estimated values of nitrogen (N) emitted for surface-applied, untreated pig slurry were 0·26±0·064 mg per mg of applied total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN). For the liquid fractions of pig slurry and digested pig slurry, results were 0·13±0·064 and 0·16±0·064 mg/mg, respectively. Initial NH3–N emission rates from surface-applied, untreated pig slurry were higher than those measured for either liquid fraction; in the case of the untreated pig slurry, half was emitted in the first 4·9 h of measurement. Silty-loam soil showed a higher N emission than loam soil with surface-applied slurries. This result was probably due to the higher infiltration rate of loam soil, even offsetting the effect of its high soil pH. Immediate manure incorporation into the soil was shown to reduce NH3 emissions by 82%. Results demonstrated that a method combining dynamic chambers with a photoacoustic gas analyser was as reliable as the widely used acid traps method. Moreover, direct measurement with the gas analyser permits an increasing temporal resolution that gave a high-quality description of the NH3 emission dynamic.

scholarly journals Acidification Effects on In Situ Ammonia Emissions and Cereal Yields Depending on Slurry Type and Application Method

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1053
Author(s):  
Christian Wagner ◽  
Tavs Nyord ◽  
Annette Vibeke Vestergaard ◽  
Sasha Daniel Hafner ◽  
Andreas Siegfried Pacholski
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Ammonia Emissions ◽  
Cattle Slurry ◽  
Anaerobic Digestate ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
Use Efficiency

Field application of organic slurries contributes considerably to emissions of ammonia (NH3) which causes sever environmental damage and can result in lower nitrogen (N) fertilizer efficiency. In recent years, field acidification systems have been introduced to reduce such NH3 emissions. However, combined field data on ammonia emissions and N use efficiency of acidified slurries, in particular by practical acidification systems, are scarce. Here, we present for the first time a simultaneous in situ assessment of the effects of acidification of five different organic slurries with a commercial acidifications system combined with different application techniques. The analysis was performed in randomized plot trials in winter wheat and spring barley after two applications to each crop (before tillering and after flag leave emergence) in year 2014 in Denmark. Slurry types included cattle slurry, mink slurry, pig slurry, anaerobic digestate, and the liquid phase of anaerobic digestate. Tested application techniques were trail hose application with and without slurry acidification in winter wheat and slurry injection and incorporation compared to trail hose application with and without acidification in spring barley. Slurries were applied on 9 m × 9 m plots separated by buffer areas of the same dimension. Ammonia emission was determined by a combination of semi-quantitative acid traps scaled by absolute emissions obtained from Draeger Tube Method dynamic chamber measurements. Experimental results were analysed by mixed effects models and HSD post hoc test (p < 0.05). Significant and almost quantitative NH3 emission reduction compared to trail hose application was observed in the barley trial by slurry incorporation of acidified slurry (89% reduction) and closed slot injection (96% reduction), while incorporation alone decreased emissions by 60%. In the two applications to winter wheat, compared to trail hose application of non-acidified slurry, acidification reduced NH3 emissions by 61% and 67% in cattle slurry, in anaerobic digestate by 45% and 57% and liquid phase of anaerobic digestate by 58%, respectively. Similar effects but on a lower emission level were observed in mink slurry, while acidification showed almost no effect in pig slurry. Acidifying animal manure with a commercial system was confirmed to consistently reduce NH3 emissions of most slurry types, and emission reductions were similar as from experimental acidification systems. However, failure to reduce ammonia emissions in pig slurry hint to technical limitations of such systems. Winter wheat and spring barley yields were only partly significantly increased by use of ammonia emission mitigation measures, while there were significant positive effects on apparent nitrogen use efficiency (+17–28%). The assessment of the agronomic effects of acidification requires further investigations.

Acidification with sulfur of the separated solid fraction of raw and co-digested pig slurry: effect on greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions during storage

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gioelli ◽  
E. Dinuccio ◽  
D. Cuk ◽  
L. Rollè ◽  
P. Balsari
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Solid Fraction ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Ammonia Emissions ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Photoacoustic Detection ◽  
Sulfur Powder

A study was performed to assess: (1) the feasibility to acidify the separated solid fraction of raw and co-digested pig slurry by using a powdery sulfur-based product; and (2) the effect of this acidification method on greenhouse gases and ammonia emissions during manure storage. Samples of raw and co-digested pig slurry were collected at two commercial farms and mechanically separated by a laboratory-scale screw press device. The sulfur powder (80% concentration) was added to the obtained separated solid fractions at three application rates: 0.5%, 1% and 2% (w/w). Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ammonia emissions were afterwards measured during storage of the acidified samples and compared with those measured from untreated samples (Control). Gaseous emissions were determined with dynamic chamber method by Infrared Photoacoustic Detection. Gaseous losses were monitored along 30 and 60 days of storage time for raw solid fraction and digested solid fraction, respectively. The addition of the tested sulfur powder to solid fractions showed to be a reliable and effective method to acidify raw and co-digested solid fractions. Results showed a significant reduction of both greenhouse gases and ammonia emission regardless of the separated solid fraction type. The highest sulfur application rate (2% w/w) led to a reduction of up to 78% of greenhouse gas emission and 65% of ammonia losses from raw separated solid fraction when compared with the Control. Similar results were achieved from the co-digested solid fraction, with emission reduction of up to 67% for ammonia and 61% for greenhouse gas.

Ammonia Emission Quantification from Pig Slurry Using Acid Wet Traps: Evaluation and Optimization of Measurement Frequency

2016 ◽  
Vol 227 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Antezana ◽  
P. Ferrer ◽  
M. Cambra-López ◽  
F. Estellés ◽  
S. Calvet
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Measurement Frequency

scholarly journals Comparison of techniques for ammonia emission mitigation during storage of livestock manure and assessment of their effect in the management chain

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Finzi ◽  
Elisabetta Riva ◽  
Alda Bicoku ◽  
Viviana Guido ◽  
Seit Shallari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference System ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Ammonia Emissions ◽  
Emission Mitigation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mitigation Techniques ◽  
Band Spreading

The reduction of ammonia (NH3) emissions associated with manure management requires identification and implementation of effective techniques. The objective of this study was to measure potential ammonia emissions from animal manure and evaluate emission reductions for five mitigation techniques (straw, sawdust, clay, oil and sulphuric acid). Although numerous studies have evaluated individual mitigation techniques, the variability of their effect with different types of slurries has not been fully investigated. Furthermore, the assessment of ammonia emissions from the subsequent land application of stored manure (or slurry) using different techniques would indicate the practical consequences of the entire slurry management chain. The effects of mitigation techniques were evaluated using a model to simulate field application of slurry. Three techniques were compared: broadcast spreading, band spreading and closed-slot injection. Simulations utilised data from experiments conducted at a controlled temperature on six slurries of three different types: pig, cattle and digestate. Ammonia emissions from the raw slurries (i.e., untreated slurry) were determined using the dynamic chamber technique and compared with those from the slurries treated using each of five mitigation techniques. A subsample of one 1 L of each slurry was transferred into 2 L plastic bottles. An airflow of 1 L min–1 across the headspace was established and then emissions were measured over a period of 24 h. The air outlet was connected to two serial acids traps filled with 1% boric acid. The quantity of NH3 trapped was determined by titration. Acidification and oil addition were the most effective techniques, reducing ammonia emission from raw slurries by more than 95% and 80%, respectively. The mitigation effects of straw and sawdust were higher for cattle slurry and digestate than for pig slurry, while clay had an opposite effect. The overall assessment of ammonia emissions from storage and subsequent field application showed that acidification followed by closed-slot injection emitted at most 12% of the emissions from the reference system, while emissions from acidification followed by band spreading were between 14% and 22% of those from the reference system. The latter appears to be both more effective than broadcast spreading and technically more easily operated than a closed-slot injector.

Influence of pedological and climatic factors on nitrogen mineralization in soils treated with pig slurry compost

1998 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Benitez ◽  
E. Bellido ◽  
J.L. Gonzalez ◽  
M. Medina
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Pig Slurry
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