The Roles of Dominance of the Nitric Oxide Fractions Nitrate and Nitrite in the Epilepsy-Prone EL Mouse Brain

AbstractWe evaluated the duloxetine DNA damaging capacity utilizing the comet assay applied to mouse brain and liver cells, as well as its DNA, lipid, protein, and nitric oxide oxidative potential in the same cells. A kinetic time/dose strategy showed the effect of 2, 20, and 200 mg/kg of the drug administered intraperitoneally once in comparison with a control and a methyl methanesulfonate group. Each parameter was evaluated at 3, 9, 15, and 21 h postadministration in five mice per group, except for the DNA oxidation that was examined only at 9 h postadministration. Results showed a significant DNA damage mainly at 9 h postexposure in both organs. In the brain, with 20 and 200 mg/kg we found 50 and 80% increase over the control group (p ≤ 0.05), in the liver, the increase of 2, 20, and 200 mg/kg of duloxetine was 50, 80, and 135% in comparison with the control level (p ≤ 0.05). DNA, lipid, protein and nitric oxide oxidation increase was also observed in both organs. Our data established the DNA damaging capacity of duloxetine even with a dose from the therapeutic range (2 mg/kg), and suggest that this effect can be related with its oxidative potential.

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Neuroprotective Effect of Chuk-Me-Sun-Dan on NMDA- and AMPA-Evoked Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity in Mouse Brain

Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology ◽

10.1080/08923970500242319 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 499-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Byung-Soo Koo ◽

Eun-Gyu Choi ◽

Jae-Bok Park ◽

Chang-Ho Cho ◽

Kang-Hyun Chung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Mouse Brain ◽

Neuroprotective Effect ◽

Oxide Synthase ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity

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Nitrate and nitrite anion concentration in the intact cerebral cortex of preterm and nearterm fetal sheep: indirect index of in vivo nitric oxide formation

Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods ◽

10.1016/s1056-8719(98)00007-0 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 125-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

James D. Reynolds ◽

Guillermo A. Zeballos ◽

Donald H. Penning ◽

Karen A. Kimura ◽

Barry Atkins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Oxide Formation ◽

Fetal Sheep ◽

Nitric Oxide Formation ◽

Nitrate And Nitrite

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Natural Product Nitric Oxide Chemistry: New Activity of Old Medicines

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/873210 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hong Jiang ◽

Ashley C. Torregrossa ◽

Deepa K. Parthasarathy ◽

Nathan S. Bryan

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Conventional Medicine ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Preventative Care ◽

Current State ◽

No Bioavailability ◽

Reported Health ◽

Nitrate And Nitrite ◽

Care Measure

The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) as a therapy and preventative care measure for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) may prove to be beneficial when used in conjunction with or in place of conventional medicine. However, the lack of understanding of a mechanism of action of many CAMs limits their use and acceptance in western medicine. We have recently recognized and characterized specific nitric oxide (NO) activity of select alternative and herbal medicines that may account for many of their reported health benefits. The ability of certain CAM to restore NO homeostasis both through enhancing endothelial production of NO and by providing a system for reducing nitrate and nitrite to NO as a compensatory pathway for repleting NO bioavailability may prove to be a safe and cost-effective strategy for combating CVD. We will review the current state of science behind NO activity of herbal medicines and their effects on CVD.

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