Relay protection and automation of electric power systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Goremykin
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Relay Protection ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

The textbook describes the main issues of the theory of relay protection and automation of electric power systems. The structure and functional purpose of protection devices and automation of power transmission lines of various configurations, synchronous generators, power transformers, electric motors and individual electrical installations are considered. For each of the types of protection of the above objects, the structure, the principle of operation, the order of selection of settings are given, the advantages and disadvantages are evaluated, indicating the scope of application. The manual includes material on complete devices based on semiconductor and microprocessor element bases. The progressive use of such devices (protection of the third and fourth generations) is appropriate and effective due to their significant advantages. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is intended for students in the areas of training 13.03.02 "Electric power and electrical engineering" (profile "Power supply", discipline "Relay protection and automation of electric power systems") and 35.03.06 "Agroengineering" (profile "Power supply and electrical equipment of agricultural enterprises", discipline "Relay protection of electrical equipment of agricultural objects"), as well as for graduate students and specialists engaged in the field of electrification and automation of industrial and agrotechnical objects.

scholarly journals Economic aspects of ensuring the capacity adequacy of electric power systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 01010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Belyaev ◽  
Andrey Egorov ◽  
Nikolay Korovkin ◽  
Vladimir Chudny
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Engineering Measures ◽  
The Cost

The present report deals with economic issues of selecting means ensuring the capacity adequacy of electric power systems. Cost analysis of various engineering measures ensuring the capacity adequacy has been performed, they are as follows: construction of margin generating capacities, erection of new power transmission lines or increase of transmission capacity of existing power lines. The cost-based analysis has been conducted following investment programs and regulatory acts in place. Recommendations on developing computational models of power systems have been given based on the results obtained in order to assess the capacity adequacy indices with account made for the cost of various engineering measures to be taken for their improvement.

scholarly journals Automated Analysis of Service Life of Air-Lines of the Electricity Transmission of Electric Power Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-445
Author(s):  
E. M. Farhadzadeh ◽  
A. Z. Muradaliyev ◽  
S. A. Abdullayeva ◽  
A. A. Nazarov
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Overhead Power Transmission Lines

Basic EPS objects, which service life has exceeded normative value, increasingly affect – every year to a greater extent – the efficiency of overall performance. This manifests itself in increase of a number of automatic emergency shutdowns, an amount and complexities of accident-hazardous defects. After the expiration of the standard service life, there is a special need for a quantitative assessment of reliability and safety of an object. It is recommended to organize the operation, maintenance and repair of these objects according to their technical condition, and since it determines the reliability and safety of the object, these properties should be taken into account more fully. The relevant recommendations in electric power systems are implemented at a qualitative level, intuitively, according to the operating experience. There are neither quantitative evaluations nor methodology for their performance. Therefore, a method and algorithm of quantitative assessment of integral indicators of reliability and safety of operation of thermal power units of thermal power plants as concentrated objects of continuous operation were previously analyzed by the authors. The present paper examines distributed objects of continuous operation, viz. overhead power transmission lines with a voltage of 110 kV and higher, whose service life exceeds the standard value. Attention is paid to the issues of quantitative assessment of the degree of aging for a set of overhead power transmission lines, classification of these lines to identify the most significant classes and methodology for assessing the difference in the degree of aging when classifying them according to specified types of signs (for example, the difference in the degree of aging of overhead power transmission lines of grid enterprises of electric power systems). It is shown that it unacceptable to use the estimates of the relative number of overhead power transmission lines, the service life of which exceeds the calculated one, for comparison since it causes a great risk of an erroneous decision. The methodology and algorithm of methodological support of the management of electric power systems and grid enterprises in the organization of operation, maintenance and repair have been developed.

scholarly journals A method of testing relay protection and automation involving exposure to cascading effects for improved power supply reliability and electric power system stability

Dependability ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
A. M. Koniukhov ◽  
A. V. Khlebnov ◽  
V. A. Timanov
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Relay Protection ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Supply Reliability

The Aim of the paper is to show that improved power supply reliability and electric power system stability are achieved by applying new methods of testing relay protection and automation (RPaA). Major cascading failures in electric power systems are caused by cascading effects, i.e., effects involving several successive effects of various nature. Cascading effects allow extending the functionality while testing RP&A and taking into account the time factor in the context of effects of various nature. Method. A method is proposed for testing relay protection and automation taking into account the cascading effect that is used in the process of development, calibration and installation of protection devices for operation in predefined modes for the purpose of improved power supply reliability and unfailing stability of electric power systems. Result. Intermittent cascading effects do not allow the relay protection and automation recover the electric power system from the post-emergency mode, thus reducing the dynamic stability to the critical level. The diagram of relay protection and automation exposure allows taking into consideration the environmental effects in the process of testing the relay protection and automation. Conclusion. The proposed method of cascading exposure as part of testing relay protection and automation can be used in the process of development, calibration and installation of electric power systems protection and will enable improved stability of electric power systems and reliability of power supply.

Assessment of technical condition of high-voltage overhead power transmission lines at the stage of their ageing

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
E. M. Farhadzadeh ◽  
A. Z. Muradalyiev ◽  
S. A. Muradalyiev ◽  
A. A. Nazarov
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Nonlinear Growth ◽  
Overhead Power Transmission Lines

The organization of operation, maintenance and repair of the basic technological facilities of electric power systems (EPS), which are beyond their designed service life (hereinafter referred to as ageing facilities, or AFs) is one of the problems that determine the energy security of many countries, including economically developed nations. The principal cause of insufficient overall performance of AFs is the traditional focus of the EPS management on economic efficiency and the insufficient attention to reliability and safety of AFs. The tendency to nonlinear growth in the frequency of occurrence of unacceptable consequences in the EPS requires ensuring the operational reliability and safety of AFs. The averaged estimates of reliability and safety used at designing power facilities are not suitable for characterization of overall operational performance. Among the basic and the least investigated (in terms of operational reliability and safety) EPS facilities are overhead power transmission lines (OPL) with a voltage of 110 кV and above. This is for a reason. OPL are electric power facilities with elements distributed along a multi-kilometer line (supports, insulators, wires, accessories, etc.). That is what makes the organization of continuous monitoring of the technical condition of each of these elements, and, consequently, the assessment of operational reliability and safety, so problematic. A method is suggested for assessment of “weak links” among the operated OPL on operative intervals of time along with a method for assessment of the technical condition of OPL at examination of a representative sample.

Analysis of mathematical models of transmission lines.

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
G. SHEINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Supply System ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
The Mathematical Model

This paper investigates a mathematical model of one elements of the power supply system - power transmission lines. The type of models depends on the initial simplifications, which in turn are determined by the complexity of the physics of processes. The task of improving the accuracy of modeling of emergency processes in the power system is due to the significant complexity of modern power systems and their equipment, high-speed relay protection, automation of emergency management and the introduction of higher-speed switching equipment. One of the reasons for a significant number of serious emergencies in the system is the lack of complete and reliable information for modeling modes in the design and operation of power systems. The development of a mathematical model of a three-phase power line, which provides adequate reflection of both normal and emergency processes, is relevant. The advanced mathematical model of power transmission lines allows to investigate various operational modes of electric networks. The improved mathematical model of the power transmission line reflects all the features of physical processes at state modes and transient process and provides sufficient accuracy of the results. The type of mathematical model of power transmission lines depends on the accepted simplifications, depending on the task of research. The purpose of this work is to analyze the mathematical model of the power transmission line to study the modes of operation of the power supply system, with the possibility of its application to take into account all the design features of overhead and cable power lines. The mathematical model of the power line for the study of the modes of operation of the power supply system is analyzed. It is used to take into account the design features of overhead and cable power lines, skin effect.

Research of Compensated AC Regulated Power Supply in Electric Power Systems Based on a High-Frequency Isolated Transformer

2013 ◽  
Vol 676 ◽  
pp. 227-230
Author(s):  
Qi Liang Zhang ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Liu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
Slow Response ◽  
Voltage Fluctuation ◽  
Simulation Results

In this paper, a new topology of compensated AC regulated power supply (ACRPS) in electric power systems based on a high-frequency isolated transformer (HFIT) is proposed. In order to overcome the slow response and low accuracy of the existing ACRPS, the phase shift regulating control (PSRC) based on instantaneous value of voltage single closed loop is applied as well as the software phase locked loop (SPLL). The proposed ACRPS has been simulated in the case of the voltage fluctuation, harmonics and frequency shift with Matlab. The simulation results show that output voltage precision is controlled within 0.5% and total harmonic distribution (THD) can be limited to less than 1%. In a word, the feasibility of the proposed ACRPS is effectively verified.

scholarly journals Procedure for calculation of the admissible continuous power transmission currents of overhead wires and contact lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (4) ◽  
pp. 042065
Author(s):  
Yu I Zharkov ◽  
E P Figurnov ◽  
V I Kharchevnikov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Contact Lines ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Continuous Power

Abstract The proposed methodology summarizes published and original domestic and foreign theoretical and experimental materials on heating and cooling of spiral and shaped wires of overhead power transmission lines and electric power systems and uses those of them that best meet the fundamental laws of heat transfer. Formulas for calculating the surface area for spiral and shaped wires are given. A generalized formula for the convective heat transfer coefficient taking into account the direction and speed of the wind, including for the anti-ice regime, is given. The parameters of this formula do not coincide with the existing ones, since they are based on the experimental data for spiral and shaped wires, and not for round pipes. The formula for calculating the power of heat transfer under solar radiation is given. A generalized formula is given for calculating the continuous allowable current, all components of which are described in detail in the article.

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