The article offers an approach to the analysis of the structure and subsequent assessment of the production and technological potential of the enterprise, which is based on the rejection of the position that the concept of potential includes all the resources that are involved in the production process, become its factors. It is proposed to consider the potential as the state of an enterprise that characterizes its ability to perform the roles of an enterprise as a production system, as an economic entity, and as a system of collective action. To identify the information components of the enterprise's potential, the concept of system aspects of the enterprise's functioning is introduced, which is based on the fact of its involvement in the life of society as a larger social whole. The objects of such analysis include ethical, informational, economic, industrial, personnel, spatial and social aspects – all those in which people's interactions are characterized by conflicts of interests. Performance characteristics of system requirements are parameters of the state of the enterprise, which serve to describe the ability of the enterprise to perform its functions in the relevant aspects. To characterize the measurement of changes in the value of indicators, it is proposed to use indicators that reflect the use of certain methods to achieve their values. Such indicators should be included in the indicators of internal statistical accounting at the enterprise. The article offers a unified terminological system of indicators used to assess the production and technological potential of an enterprise, including indicators of the production function, marketing and organization of production-functions that are associated with the formation of the production and technological potential of the enterprise.