scholarly journals Avaliação proteica e parâmetros populacionais de Cynaeus angustus Le Conte (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Pedro Gomes Peixoto ◽  
Renato Ventresqui Oliveira ◽  
Vanessa Silva Miranda ◽  
Tony de Paiva Paulino ◽  
Rodrigo Magrin De Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Electrophoretic Method ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Resumo. Cynaeus angustus (LeConte) caracteriza-se como praga de grãos armazenados, possui diversos substratos alimentares listados em sua ecologia alimentar entre eles o milho, trigo, sorgo e soja. Porém não há registro de seus hábitos no amendoim in natura, assim o objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar a tabela de vida estática, para C. Angustus em condições de laboratório utilizando como substrato o amendoim, e avaliar a composição proteica nos diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento de C. angustus. A quantificação de proteínas foi feita pelo método de microbiureto e o método qualitativo foi feito per método eletroforético. Assim a quantificação de proteínas indicou um aumento de seus valores durante o desenvolvimento dos insetos: larvas 38,22 mg/mL, pupas 47,53 mg/mL e adultos de 60.00 mg/mL. Foi possível observar o perfil electroforético de C. angustus indicando um aumento significativo na variedade de proteínas (29 a 700 kDa) sobre as diferentes etapas deste inseto. Os dados obtidos pela analise populacional indicam que C. angustus apresenta maiores taxas iniciais de sobrevivência, alto potencial biótico e desenvolvimento contínuo em condições favoráveis que mostram potenciais condições de cultivo e pode ser usado como uma fonte nutricional tal como mencionado para outras espécies da mesma família.Protein Evaluation and Static life Table Cynaeus angustus (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Abstract. Cynaeus angustus (LeConte) is characterized as a pest of stored grain, there is several food substrates on their feeding ecology including corn, wheat, sorghum and soybeans. But there is no record of their habits in peanut in natura, so the aim of this study was to present the static life table, to C. angustus in laboratory conditions using as substrate the peanut, and evaluate the protein composition in different stages of development C. angustus. The quantification of proteins was taken by microbiureto method and qualitative method was done per electrophoretic method. Protein quantitation indicated an increase of its values during development of insects: larvae 38,22 mg/mL, pupae 47,53 mg/mL and adults 60,00 mg/mL. It was possible to observe the electrophoretic profile C. angustus showed a significant increase in the variety of proteins (29-700 kDa) on the different stages of the insect. Data obtained from the population analysis indicate that C. angustus shows higher initial survival rates, high biotic potential and continuous developing in favorable conditions showing potential growing conditions and, that can be used as a nutritional source such as mentioned for other species of the same family.

Ricerche immunoelettroforetiche sul sangue funicolare nei gemelli

1962 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
G. Abelli ◽  
A. Esposito
Keyword(s):  
Protein Composition ◽  
Monochorionic Twins ◽  
Electrophoretic Method

SUMMARYThe Authors have investigated by means of the immuno-electrophoretic method the protein composition of the funicular blood of 19 twin-pairs from pregnancies of 5 to 9 months. Monochorionic twins showed a concordant picture, while in 7 of the 14 bichorionic twin-pairs slight differences could be observed, due to the presence in one of the twins of one or two more lines. The Authors put these results in correlation with the hypothesis of a genie control of the production of proteins.

scholarly journals How Is Fitness of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Affected When Different Developmental Stages Are Exposed to Chlorfenapyr?

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Anna Skourti ◽  
Nickolas G. Kavallieratos ◽  
Nikos E. Papanikolaou
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is an important pest of stored products. Insecticidal treatment is a common practice for the control of this notorious insect pest. Most studies are focused on the immediate and/or delayed mortality effects, while there are no data on the effects of insecticides on the population fitness. This study deals with the effect of chlorfenapyr on T. castaneum, investigating the cost of exposure of different developmental stages on population performance, by using life table statistics and a survival analysis method. For this purpose, eggs, larvae, and parental adult females of T. castaneum were exposed to chlorfenapyr and birth or death rates were calculated daily. The exposure of eggs and larvae to chlorfenapyr was detrimental for T. castaneum and they did not complete development. When parental females were exposed to chlorfenapyr, the progeny survival curve, biological features, as well as the life table parameters did not differ significantly compared to the control treatment. Thus, egg hatching, larval and pupal developmental periods, female and male longevities for the control treatment, and the progeny of the females that were exposed to chlorfenapyr were 4.66 and 4.76 days, 25.85 and 25.71 days, 5.00 and 5.26 days, 87.33 and 104.22 days, and 76.87 and 91.87 days, respectively. In addition, the mean values of the net reproductive rate, the intrinsic rate of increase, the mean generation time and the doubling time for the control treatment and the progeny of the parental females which were exposed to chlorfenapyr were 14.3 and 9.3 females/female, 0.038 and 0.028 females/female/day, 1.039 and 1.029, 70.0 and 76.9 days, and 18.5 and 24.9 days, respectively. We expect these results to have bearing on the management of T. castaneum, since the repeatedly insecticidal applications could be reduced in storage facilities.

Determination of optimal sowing dates and densities of winter wheat under Quebec growing conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Allard ◽  
Anne Vanasse ◽  
Denis Pageau ◽  
Gilles Tremblay ◽  
Julie Durand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Good Survival ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Yield Gain ◽  
Growing Conditions

The objective of this project was to determine the optimal sowing dates and densities for winter wheat to increase winter survival and yield under Quebec growing conditions. The trials were carried out from 2014 to 2016 at four sites, representing three cereal production zones (zones 1, 2, and 3). Three cultivars were assessed using four sowing dates and four seeding densities (250, 350, 450, and 550 seeds m−2). In the first year, the wheat at two of the four sites survived (82%–100%), and in the second year, all the sites showed good survival rates (69%–99%). In zone 2, winter survival was higher for the early sowing dates compared with later dates. Sowing date and seeding density had no effect on survival in zones 1 and 3. Maximum yields were attained with sowing dates from mid- to late September in zone 1; from early to mid-September in zone 2; and from mid-August to mid-September in zone 3. An increase in seeding density from 250 to 550 seeds m−2 led to an average yield gain of 9% in zones 2 and 3, but no gain in zone 1. Winter survival rates and yield differ between cultivars.

Potential of wild common bean for seed yield improvement of cultivars in the tropics

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shree P. Singh ◽  
Albeiro Molina ◽  
Paul Gepts
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Test Environment ◽  
Yield Improvement ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Wild Beans

Thirty nine wild or weedy common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions, representing the two extremes of geographical range of distribution and domestication of cultigens in the Americas, were crossed to a high-yielding, small-seeded cultivar, ICA Pijao. The resulting F1, F2, and F3 population bulks, along with ICA Pijao, were evaluated for seed yield, days to maturity, and 100-seed weight under favorable growing conditions at two locations in Colombia. The F3 and F4 bulks were tested separately under soil-fertility and moisture stresses. Thirty random F5-derived F8 lines from the highest yielding population involving both Andean and Middle American wild beans, along with the parents and a control cultivar, were also evaluated for 2 yr, under favorable conditions. No F1 hybrid, population bulk, or F5-derived F8 line significantly outyielded ICA Pijao in any test environment. The mean yield of F1 hybrids, population bulks, and F5-derived F8 lines involving wild and weedy beans of Middle America was higher than that involving Andean South American wild beans. Heritability for seed yield, seed weight, and days to maturity, as well as gains from selection were comparable to those obtained in crosses among cultivars. The small seed of the progenies and the positive correlation between seed size and seed yield suggest that alternative mating schemes that increase the recovery of progenies with a cultivated phenotype should be investigated. Until this research is done, it would be premature to draw conclusions about the yield improvement potential of wild beans. Key words:Phaseolus vulgaris, common bean (wild), yield, heterosis, heritability, selection gain

THE EFFECT OF YEAR, PLANTING DATE, MULCHES AND TUNNELS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF FIELD CUCUMBERS IN SOUTHERN QUEBEC

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1207-1213
Author(s):  
J. F. ARGALL ◽  
K. A. STEWART
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Late Frost ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
All Treatment

In 1986 and 1987, five mulch/tunnel treatments (bare soil (BS), black mulch (BM), transparent mulch (TM), black mulch/perforated transparent tunnel (BMT), and transparent mulch/perforated transparent tunnel (TMT)) were factorially combined with three planting dates representing very early (10 May), early (21 May) and normal (3 June) dates for Southern Québec. Following a late frost after the first two planting dates of 1986, all treatment combinations resulted in significant improvements in survival rates over BS plants. Only the TMT treatment proved justifiable for the earliest planting date across both years, though there were no significant differences between TMT and BMT treatments under milder growing conditions. Tunnel treatments proved superior to their mulch-only counterparts for earlier plantings and/or the cooler season (1986). TM resulted in superior yields over BM for all planting dates in 1986, and for no planting dates in the warmer season. TM generally resulted in yields superior to that of BS. BM treatments rarely improved early yields over BS, though total yields were improved in 1986.Key words: Cucumber, planting date, mulch, tunnels

scholarly journals Effect of Substrate Depth and Planting Season on Sedum Plug Survival on Green Roofs

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin L. Getter ◽  
D. Bradley Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Substrate Depth ◽  
Planting Season

Abstract Green roofs, a roofing technology that entails growing plants on rooftops, provide many benefits such as improved stormwater management, energy conservation, mitigation of the urban heat island effect, increased longevity of roofing membranes, reduction in noise and air pollution, and improved aesthetics. Plants on rooftops are more susceptible to extremes in temperature and drought due to their shallow substrate and elevation above ground. Because of these unfavorable growing conditions, plant selection and season of establishment are critical. The major objective of this study was to quantify the effect of substrate depth and planting season on successful establishment of plugs of Sedum species on green roofs. Plugs of nine species of Sedum were planted in East Lansing, MI, in autumn (September 20, 2004) or spring (June 8, 2005) and then evaluated for survival on June 1, 2005, and June 1, 2006, respectively. Overall, spring planting exhibited superior survival rates (81%) compared to autumn (23%) across substrate depths. Sedum cauticola ‘Lidakense’, S. floriferum, and S. sexangulare were not affected by season of planting. Sedum cauticola barely survived at any substrate depth or planting season, whereas the latter two exhibited nearly 100% survival regardless of planting season. All other species had superior survival percentages when planted during spring.

scholarly journals Age-stage, two-sex life table analysis of Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared on maize and kidney bean

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Xie ◽  
Junrui Zhi ◽  
Jiaqin Ye ◽  
Yeming Zhou ◽  
Cao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Kidney Bean ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith), or fall armyworm, is one of major migratory agricultural pests with a wide range of hosts. The effect of different hosts (maize and kidney bean) on the growth and reproduction of S. frugiperda were investigated using the age-stage, two-sex life table method. Results The results showed that S. frugiperda could complete its entire life cycle on both hosts, albeit with significantly different development and reproduction. The durations of larval and pupal development were significantly prolonged whereas adult lifespan was shortened on kidney bean compared to maize. The differences of survival rates at each instar, prepupal and pupal stages between the two hosts were not statistically significant. The total pre-oviposition period was longer on kidney bean than that on maize (42.05 vs 39.04 days), but there was no difference in the oviposition rate (64.77 on kidney bean vs 62.48 on maize). The differences of net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase and finite rate of increase were nonsignificant, while the mean generation time on kidney bean (42.05 days) was significantly longer than that on maize (40.92 days). Conclusions The results indicate that S. frugiperda can grow and reproduce normally on both hosts, although maize is more suitable. Nonetheless, the data show that this pest is harmful when the population density is high or when the preferred host is scarce. Graphic abstract

The Construction, Description, and Analysis of Age-Specific Life-Tables

2021 ◽  
pp. 336-361
Author(s):  
Peter A. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Frequency Data ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Life Table Data ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Demographic Methods ◽  
Key Factor Analysis ◽  
Table Data

Methods for constructing a life-table and budget for a species are described, and the various methods for the analysis of stage-frequency data reviewed. Stage-frequency data comprise counts of the individuals in different development stages in samples taken from a population over a period of time. The analysis of stage-frequency data to estimate the durations of the stages, the numbers entering stages, and survival rates is described. Examples of survivorship curves are presented, and the calculation of population growth rate described. Analysis of life-table data and demographic methods, including key-factor analysis, are described.

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