THE EFFECT OF HUMAN CAPITAL ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SOME SUB SAHARA AFRICAN COUNTRIES (SSA)

Purpose: This research looked into debate on the possible impact of human capital on economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and considers two alternative measures of human capital: health and education. Methodology: The research used a dynamic model based on the system generalized method of moments (SGMM) and analysed a balanced panel data covering 35 countries from 1986–2018. The research used Microsoft excel to record all the data gotten from the world indicator data base from world bank, penn world table data base and CANA database. The analysis was presented in a tabular form. Findings: This study found that human capital has an overall positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth in the SSA region, although, democracy has a negative and statistically significant impact on economic growth in the region. This finding shows the importance of both measures of human capital and aligns with the argument in the literature that neither education nor health is a perfect substitute for the other as a measure of human capital. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy:Generally, the finding emphasised that both education and health measures of human capital are important, and that policymakers must consider the level of economic development while formulating policies that can enhance the impact of human capital on economic growth in the Sub-Saharan Africa region.

Validation of Two Instruments for the Correct Allocation of School Furniture in Secondary Schools to Prevent Back Pain

Background: Back pain is common in secondary school students. If we adjust the school furniture to the anthropometric characteristics of the pupils, we will improve their posture and reduce back pain. There is a high degree of mismatch between the furniture used by students and that which should be used. The objectives of this research are to discover the degree of mismatch and validate two instruments that allow a correct allocation of the furniture. Methods: The selected sample was 132 secondary students (14.08 ± 1.10 years). An anthropometer was used to determine the ideal height of the chair and table; data were taken from body segments. The recorded values were compared with those obtained by the two measurement instruments to be validated. Inter-measurer and intra-measurer reliability and validation were performed using t-tests and Pearson’s coefficient, respectively. Different analysis techniques were used: descriptive, one-way ANOVA, t-test, and effect size. The established level of significance was ρ < 0.05. Results: The mismatch between the anthropometric dimensions of the students and the existing furniture in the classrooms was 98.5 % for the chairs and 100 % for the tables. The correlational analysis of the instruments to be validated shows an r = 0.993 in the chair and r = 0.996 in the table. Conclusions: There is a high degree of mismatch between the furniture and the anthropometric characteristics of the students. The proposed furniture allocation instruments are adequate.

Towards Generating Financial Reports From Table Data Using Transformers

Financial reports are commonplace in the business world, but are long and tedious to produce. These reports mostly consist of tables with written sections describing these tables. Automating the process of creating these reports, even partially has the potential to save a company time and resources that could be spent on more creative tasks. We implement a transformer network to solve the task of generating this text. By generating matching pairs between tables and sentences found in financial documents, we created a dataset for our transformer. We were able to achieve promising results, with the final model reaching a BLEU score of 63.3. Generated sentences are natural, grammatically correct and mostly faithful to the information found in the tables.

Towards Generating Financial Reports From Table Data Using Transformers

Financial reports are commonplace in the business world, but are long and tedious to produce. These reports mostly consist of tables with written sections describing these tables. Automating the process of creating these reports, even partially has the potential to save a company time and resources that could be spent on more creative tasks. We implement a transformer network to solve the task of generating this text. By generating matching pairs between tables and sentences found in financial documents, we created a dataset for our transformer. We were able to achieve promising results, with the final model reaching a BLEU score of 63.3. Generated sentences are natural, grammatically correct and mostly faithful to the information found in the tables.

Hubungan Kebiasaan Makan dengan Status Gizi Remaja Asrama

Kebiasaan makan yang tidak baik pada masa remaja dalam rentang usia 10-19 tahun dapat menghambat proses pertumbuhan fisik, perkembangan dan performa akademik. Studi pendahuluan mendapatkan tujuh dari sepuluh remaja memiliki kebiasaan makan yang tidak baik. Tujuan: untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan kebiasaan makan dengan status gizi remaja di asrama. Metode: penelitian kuantitatif korelasional ini menggunakan populasi remaja berusia 18-19 tahun yang bertempat tinggal di asrama satu fakultas di Indonesia bagian barat. Teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah total sampling sebanyak 192 responden. Instrumen untuk mengukur kebiasaan makan menggunakan instrumen yang telah valid dan reliabel. Status gizi didapatkan melalui penghitungan z-score dari tabel Standar Antropometri. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis bivariat. Hasil: Didapatkan lebih dari setengah responden memiliki kebiasaan makan yang baik (58,3%) dan mayoritas status gizi responden berada dalam kondisi normal (91,1%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan bermakna antara kebiasaan makan dengan status gizi remaja asrama (p=0,764). Diskusi: Hampir setengah dari responden memiliki kebiasaan makan yang tidak baik walau berada dalam satu asrama yang sama. Monitoring asupan makanan dan budaya makan remaja diperlukan untuk mempertahankan status gizi yang baik. Simpulan: Kebiasaan makan yang baik dan status gizi remaja asrama tetap harus dipertahankan untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan performa akademik dan klinik yang optimal.Kata Kunci: Kebiasaan makan, remaja, status gizi Correlation Between Eating Habits and Nutritional Status of Adolescents at DormitoryABSTRACTBad eating habits in adolescence in the age range of 10-19 years can inhibit the process of physical growth, development, and academic performance. Preliminary studies found that seven out of ten adolescents have bad eating habits. Objective: To identify the correlation between eating habits and nutritional status of adolescents at the dormitory. Methods: This quantitative correlational study employed a population of adolescents aged 18-19 years who lived in a dormitory at one faculty in western Indonesia. Samples were taken using a total sampling of 192 respondents. The instruments to measure eating habits were valid and reliable. Nutritional status was obtained by calculating the z-score from the Anthropometric Standards table. Data were analyzed using bivariate analysis. Results: It was found that more than half of the respondents had good eating habits (58.3%), and most of the respondents' nutritional status was in normal condition (91.1%). Bivariate analysis indicated no significant correlation between eating habits and the nutritional status of adolescents at the dormitory (p=0.764). Discussion: Almost half of all respondents had bad eating habits, although they were in the same dormitory. Monitoring of the food intake and adolescent eating culture is needed to maintain a good nutritional status. Conclusion: Good eating habits and continuous nutritional status monitoring of adolescents at the dormitory must be maintained to support optimal academic and clinical growth and performance. Keywords: Adolescents, Eating Habits, Nutritional Status

Automatic Table Detection, Structure Recognition and Data Extraction from Document Images

In the recent advancement, the extensive usage of electronic devices to photograph and upload documents, the requirement for extracting the information present in the unstructured document images is becoming progressively intense. The major obstacle to the objective is, these images often contain information in tabular form and extracting the data from table images presents a series of challenges due to the various layouts and encodings of the tables. It includes the accurate detection of the table present in an image and eventually recognizing the internal structure of the table and extracting the information from it. Although some progress has been made in table detection, obtaining the table contents is still a challenge since this involves more fine-grained table structure (rows and columns) recognition. The digitization of critical information has to be carried out automatically since there are millions of documents. Based on the motivation that AI-based solutions are automating many processors, this work comprises three different stages: First, the table detection using Faster R-CNN algorithm. Second, table internal structure recognition process using morphology operation and refine operation and last the table data extraction using contours algorithm. The dataset used in this work was taken from the UNLV dataset.

Prasangka dan Perilaku Destruktif dalam Novel Si Anak Badai Karya Tere Liye

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: 1) prasangka tokoh terhadap utusan gubernur dalam novel Si Anak Badai karya Tere Liye, 2) dampak prasangka tokoh terhadap utusan gubernur pada novel Si Anak Badai karya Tere Liye. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan psikologi sastra, dengan sumber datanya novel Si Anak Badai karya Tere Liye. Data berupa satuan cerita yang terwujud dalam dialog, paragraf, maupun narasi yang menjelaskan prasangka tokoh terhadap tokoh lain. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik baca catat kemudian dikelompokkan dalam tabel. Analisis data menggunakan langkah reduksi data yang meliputi menyeleksi, meringkas, serta menggolongkan data. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: 1) prasangka tokoh terhadap utusan gubernur yang hendak mendirikan secara paksa pelabuhan di kampung Manowa yang terwujud dalam persepsi, kekhawatiran, bahkan tindakan perlawanan yang dilakukan oleh rakyat Manowa, 2) dampak prasangka tokoh terhadap utusan gubernur yang berwujud kemarahan dan juga kenekatan dalam melancarkan pembangunan pelabuhan tersebut. This study aims to describe 1) the prejudice of the characters on the governor's delegation in Si Anak Badai novel by Tere Liye, 2) The impact of the character's prejudice on the governor's delegation in Si Anak Badai novel by Tere Liye. This research is a descriptive qualitative study with a literary psychology approach. The data source is the novel Si Anak Badai by Tere Liye. Data in the form of story units that are manifested in dialogues, paragraphs, and narratives that explain the character's prejudice about other characters. The data collection technique used the reading and notes technique and then grouped them in a table. Data analysis uses data reduction steps which include selecting, summarizing, and classifying data. The results of this study are 1) the prejudice of the figures regarding the governor's delegation who want to forcibly establish a port in Manowa Village which are manifested in perceptions, worries, and even acts of resistance by the people of Manowa, 2) the impact of the figures' prejudice on the governor's delegation who is angry and impetuous in accelerating the construction of the port.