Sex Determination by Discriminant Analysis of Three Dimensions Computed Tomography Measurements of the Foramen Magnum = تحديد نوع الجنس بالتحليل المميز لقياسات الثقب الأعظم عن طريق التصوير المقطعي الثلاثي الأبعاد

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the condylar displacement following sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) in asymmetric setback patients between the conventional approach and surgery-first approach and to determine whether the condylar displacement is affected by asymmetric setback in SSRO patients. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study. The subjects consisted of patients with facial asymmetry who underwent SSRO and had cone-beam computed tomography taken before and 1 month after surgery. They were allocated into the conventional (n = 18) and surgery-first (SF) groups (n = 20). Descriptive, independent t-tests and Pearson correlation analysis were computed. Results: The amount of condylar displacement in x-, y-, and z-directions and Euclidean distance showed no statistically significant differences between the conventional and SF groups. Comparing the postoperative condylar position with the preoperative position, the condylar displacement occurred in posterior (P < .05) and downward (P < .05) directions in both groups except on the deviated side in the conventional group. The condylar displacement occurred in a posterior (P < .05) direction on the deviated side of the conventional group. However, the condylar displacement in three dimensions showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups. In the correlation analysis, the condylar displacement in both the deviated and contralateral sides showed no significant correlation with asymmetric setback in either group. Conclusion: The condylar displacement in three dimensions and the distance of condylar displacement in SSRO patients with facial asymmetry showed no significant difference between conventional and SF groups. Condylar displacement was not associated with asymmetric setback.

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Assessment of dehiscence and fenestration in children and adolescents using cone beam computed tomography

Dentistry 3000 ◽

10.5195/d3000.2021.143 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aslıhan Akbulut ◽

Beyza Ballı Akgöl ◽

Kaan Orhan ◽

Merve Bayram

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Primary Teeth ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Type I ◽

Chi Square ◽

Children And Adolescent ◽

Adolescent Patients

Objectives: To define the prevalence of dehiscence and fenestration and classify them in terms of the localization of fenestrations in a random sampled group of children and adolescent patients using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Methods: CBCT performed at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology of patients referred by the paediatric dentistry clinic were included in this retrospective study. Image evaluations were performed by dentomaxillofacial radiologist (AA, asst. prof.), and these images were examined in three dimensions of the axial, coronal, and sagittal planes. Intraexaminer agreement for the evaluations were found acceptable. The presence/absence of dehiscence and/or fenestration, fenestration’s classification type, and localization of defects were recorded. Moreover, the presence/absence of periapical lesion in related root with dehiscence and fenestration was noted. For statistical analysis, The Chi-Square test, Fisher Freeman Halton Test, and Yates' Continuity of Correction were used.Results: 3061 roots in 1801 teeth of 120 cases were analyzed. The mean age was 9.97±2.22 years. Dehiscence was detected in 261(8.5%) roots of 161(8.9%) teeth, and fenestration was detected 63(2%) roots of 36(2%) teeth. The most common fenestration type was Type I, followed by Type II and IV. Dehiscence was observed more frequently in primary teeth than permanent teeth, and the difference was statistically significant (p:0.000). Dehiscence and fenestration incidence in maxillary teeth was significantly higher than in the mandibular teeth (pdehiscence:0.000, pfenestration:0.004). Apical lesions were observed more in primary teeth than permanent teeth for both defects.Conclusions: This study concludes that alveolar dehiscence and fenestrations are more common in primary teeth than permanent teeth. Moreover, these defects were detected more for the teeth in the maxilla. Concerning endodontic and orthodontic therapies in maxilla, use of CBCT is useful in determining the region's anatomical structure accurately in suspected cases of child and adolescent patients.

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Computed tomography based morphometric analysis of Foramen Magnum in South Indian population

10.36295/asro.2020.232373 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (23) ◽

Author(s):

S Aloysius Anton Hercules ◽

R Archana ◽

Aro Shime Hercules

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Morphometric Analysis ◽

Indian Population ◽

Foramen Magnum ◽

South Indian Population ◽

South Indian

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Sex identification from foramen magnum using computed tomography scanning in a sample of Egyptian population

Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging ◽

10.1016/j.jofri.2019.100341 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 100341

Author(s):

Heba I. Lashin ◽

Basma S. Eldeeb ◽

Mona M. Ghonem

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Foramen Magnum ◽

Sex Identification ◽

Egyptian Population ◽

Computed Tomography Scanning ◽

Tomography Scanning

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Gold Exploration in Two and Three Dimensions: Improved and Correlative Insights from Microscopy and X-Ray Computed Tomography

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min10050476 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 476

Author(s):

Joshua Chisambi ◽

Bjorn von der Heyden ◽

Muofhe Tshibalanganda ◽

Stephan Le Roux

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Gold Mineralization ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Low Grade ◽

X Ray ◽

3D Space ◽

X Ray Computed ◽

2D And 3D

In this contribution, we highlight a correlative approach in which three-dimensional structural/positional data are combined with two dimensional chemical and mineralogical data to understand a complex orogenic gold mineralization system; we use the Kirk Range (southern Malawi) as a case study. Three dimensional structures and semi-quantitative mineral distributions were evaluated using X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) and this was augmented with textural, mineralogical and chemical imaging using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy as well as fire assay. Our results detail the utility of the correlative approach both for quantifying gold concentrations in core samples (which is often nuggety and may thus be misrepresented by quarter- or half-core assays), and for understanding the spatial distribution of gold and associated structures and microstructures in 3D space. This approach overlays complementary datasets from 2D and 3D analytical protocols, thereby allowing a better and more comprehensive understanding on the distribution and structures controlling gold mineralization. Combining 3D XCT analyses with conventional 2D microscopies derive the full value out of a given exploration drilling program and it provides an excellent tool for understanding gold mineralization. Understanding the spatial distribution of gold and associated structures and microstructures in 3D space holds vast potential for exploration practitioners, especially if the correlative approach can be automated and if the resultant spatially-constrained microstructural information can be fed directly into commercially available geological modelling software. The extra layers of information provided by using correlative 2D and 3D microscopies offer an exciting new tool to enhance and optimize mineral exploration workflows, given that modern exploration efforts are targeting increasingly complex and low-grade ore deposits.

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