scholarly journals Market Efficient Portfolios in a Systemic Economy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Awiszus ◽  
Agostino Capponi ◽  
Stefan Weber
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Markets ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Portfolio Holdings ◽  
Aggregate Information ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Efficient Portfolios ◽  
Target Leverage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fundamental Values

Diversification vs. Diversity – How is the Efficiency of Markets Affected? Prices aggregate information that is dispersed in the economy; they thereby facilitate the allocation of scarce resources. Inefficiencies may arise from deviations of market prices from their fundamental values. In “Market Efficient Portfolios in a Systemic Economy”, Awiszus, Capponi, and Weber investigate the impact of the trade-off between diversity and diversification on inefficiencies in secondary markets due to asset illiquidity and leverage constraints of financial institutions. The authors identify two key determining factors. These are the systemic significance of the banks and the statistical properties of the fundamental asset shocks. Systemic significance is driven by the banks’ target leverage, their trading strategies, and the illiquidity characteristics of the assets. The paper demonstrates that portfolio diversification is typically not efficient. In fact, efficient portfolio holdings may strongly deviate from this standard paradigm, especially if the banks have similar characteristics.

scholarly journals Ethical dilemmas in COVID-19 times: how to decide who lives and who dies?

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedy M. B. C. Neves ◽  
Flávia B. C. S. N. Bitencourt ◽  
Almir G. V. Bitencourt
Keyword(s):  
Health Resources ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ethical Question ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Instrumental Values ◽  
Special Hospital ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fundamental Values

SUMMARY The respiratory disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is a pandemic that produces a large number of simultaneous patients with severe symptoms and in need of special hospital care, overloading the infrastructure of health services. All of these demands generate the need to ration equipment and interventions. Faced with this imbalance, how, when, and who decides, there is the impact of the stressful systems of professionals who are at the front line of care and, in the background, issues inherent to human subjectivity. Along this path, the idea of using artificial intelligence algorithms to replace health professionals in the decision-making process also arises. In this context, there is the ethical question of how to manage the demands produced by the pandemic. The objective of this work is to reflect, from the point of view of medical ethics, on the basic principles of the choices made by the health teams, during the COVID-19 pandemic, whose resources are scarce and decisions cause anguish and restlessness. The ethical values for the rationing of health resources in an epidemic must converge to some proposals based on fundamental values such as maximizing the benefits produced by scarce resources, treating people equally, promoting and recommending instrumental values, giving priority to critical situations. Naturally, different judgments will occur in different circumstances, but transparency is essential to ensure public trust. In this way, it is possible to develop prioritization guidelines using well-defined values and ethical recommendations to achieve fair resource allocation.

Assessing Impact of Freshwater Lake Ecosystem on Residential Property Prices using Hedonic Property Pricing approach: Evidence from Vellayanilake of Kerala

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-130
Keyword(s):  
Economic Effect ◽  
Lake Ecosystem ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Scenic Beauty ◽  
Property Prices ◽  
Property Price ◽  
Valuation Technique ◽  
Hedonic Property ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The ecosystem services provided by wetlands can be direct or indirect. The direct services can be mostly valued through market prices, but the indirect service like aesthetic beauty and its impact on property prices surrounding the natural resource cannot be directly measured. To single out the economic effect of particular amenity which influenced the land property prices, the advanced valuation technique Hedonic property pricing was most popularly used. In this study, it was attempted to assess using the hedonic property pricing technique, the impact of the presence of the freshwater body, the Vellayani Lake on land property prices surrounding it. The results revealed that the marginal implicit price of getting one cent of land with lake view evaluated at mean property price of Rs. 2,44250 was Rs.79171. The total aesthetic value of land with the scenic beauty of the lake was Rs. 275.92 crores.

scholarly journals Effect of Storage Conditions on Storability and Antioxidant Potential of Pears cv. ‘Conference’

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Grzegorz P. Łysiak ◽  
Krzysztof Rutkowski ◽  
Dorota Walkowiak-Tomczak
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Postharvest Diseases ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Impact

Late pear cultivars, such as ‘Conference’, can be stored for a long period if kept in good storage conditions. A three-year study (2011–2013) compared the impact of six-month storage using four technologies—normal atmosphere, normal atmosphere + 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), controlled atmosphere, and controlled atmosphere + 1-MCP—on the quality parameters of ‘Conference’ pears, such as mass loss, firmness, total soluble solids, acidity, antioxidant capacity, and the incidence of diseases and disorders. Additionally, the study analysed different storage conditions in terms of profitability, based on the market prices for pears in the seasons during which the pears were stored. The storage conditions had a very strong influence on the fruit quality parameters, and were found to affect most visibly the mass loss and the incidence of postharvest diseases and disorders. The storage of ‘Conference’ pears for 180 days in normal atmosphere is not economically viable, even if the fruit is subjected to 1-MCP treatment; at the same time, it is profitable to store ‘Conference’ pears in controlled atmosphere for the same period, no matter whether 1-MCP was applied or not.

scholarly journals Effective Demand Forecasting in Health Supply Chains: Emerging Trend, Enablers, and Blockers

Logistics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Lakshmy Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Demand Forecasting ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Weakest Link ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Health Commodities ◽  
The Impact

Health supply chains aim to improve access to healthcare, and this can be attained only when health commodities appropriate to the health needs of the global population are developed, manufactured, and made available when and where needed. The weak links in the health supply chains are hindering the access of essential healthcare resulting in inefficient use of scarce resources and loss of lives. A chain is only as strong as its weakest link, and demand forecasting is one of the weakest links of health supply chains. Also, many of the existing bottlenecks in supply chains and health systems impede the accurate forecasting of demand, and without the ability to forecast demand with certainty, the stakeholders cannot plan and make commitments for the future. Forecasts are an important feeder for budgeting and logistics planning. Under this backdrop, the study examines how improved forecasting can lead to better short-term and long-term access to health commodities and outlines market-related risks. It explores further how incentives are misaligned creating an uneven distribution of risks, leading to the inability to match demand and supply. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was performed, analyzing 71 articles from a descriptive and content approach. Findings indicate the emerging trends in global health and the consequences of inaccurate demand forecasting for health supply chains. The content analysis identifies key factors that can pose a varying degree of risks for the health supply chain stakeholders. The study highlights how the key factors emerge as enablers and blockers, depending on the impact on the overall health supply chains. The study also provides recommendations for actions for reducing these risks. Consequently, limitations of this work are presented, and opportunities are identified for future lines of research. Finally, the conclusion confirms that by adopting a combination of approaches, stakeholders can ensure better information sharing, identify avenues of diversifying risks, and understand the implications.

Differential impact of on-site or telepharmacy in the intensive care unit: a controlled before–after study

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao Gabriel Rosa Ramos ◽  
Sandra Cristina Hernandes ◽  
Talita Teles Teixeira Pereira ◽  
Shana Oliveira ◽  
Denis de Melo Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Clinical Pharmacists ◽  
Versus Phase ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Clinical pharmacists have an important role in the intensive care unit (ICU) team but are scarce resources. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of on-site pharmacists on medical prescriptions in the ICU. Methods This is a retrospective, quasi-experimental, controlled before-after study in two ICUs. Interventions by pharmacists were evaluated in phase 1 (February to November 2016) and phase 2 (February to May 2017) in ICU A (intervention) and ICU B (control). In phase 1, both ICUs had a telepharmacy service in which medical prescriptions were evaluated and interventions were made remotely. In phase 2, an on-site pharmacist was implemented in ICU A, but not in ICU B. We compared the number of interventions that were accepted in phase 1 versus phase 2. Results During the study period, 8797/9603 (91.6%) prescriptions were evaluated, and 935 (10.6%) needed intervention. In phase 2, there was an increase in the proportion of interventions that were accepted by the physician in comparison to phase 1 (93.9% versus 76.8%, P < 0.001) in ICU A, but there was no change in ICU B (75.2% versus 73.9%, P = 0.845). Conclusion An on-site pharmacist in the ICU was associated with an increase in the proportion of interventions that were accepted by physicians.

scholarly journals The Impact of Business Incubator Facilities on Investment Promotion in Jordan: A Case of King Hussein Business Park

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alshamaileh ◽  
Fouad Sheikh Salem
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Occupancy Rate ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Business Incubator ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Investment Promotion ◽  
Investment Law ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to measure the impact of facilities provided by King Hussein Business Park on investment promotion. King Hussein Business Park has reached 100% occupancy rate, with a crucial plan for expansion to over 1.4 million m2 of land. The problem of the study lies on how King Hussein Business Park will attract additional investments to occupy the spaces targeted for expansion. Results of the study reveal a significant positive impact of the facilities on investment promotion. The robust infrastructure, complementary services, and investment law benefits influence the creation of attractive business environment for investments. These findings show that countries with scarce resources face many challenges in promoting investment either locally or internationally, and they must improve their business climate for investment promotion. Governments also have the means to make conducting the businesses and projects easier for people.

Increasing revenue and attendance in Canadian Baptist churches

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1071-1089
Author(s):  
Alan Chan ◽  
Bruce G. Fawcett ◽  
Shu-Kam Lee
Keyword(s):  
Church Health ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Baptist Churches ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Simulation Exercises

Purpose – Church giving and attendance are two important indicators of church health and performance. In the literature, they are usually understood to be simultaneously determined. The purpose of this paper is to estimate if there a sustainable church congregation size using Wintrobe’s (1998) dictatorship model. The authors want to examine the impact of youth and adult ministry as well. Design/methodology/approach – Using the data collected from among Canadian Baptist churches in Eastern Canada, this study investigates the factors affecting the level of the two indicators by the panel-instrumental variable technique. Applying Wintrobe’s (1998) political economy model on dictatorship, the equilibrium level of worship attendance and giving is predicted. Findings – Through various simulation exercises, the actual church congregation sizes is approximately 50 percent of the predicted value, implying inefficiency and misallocation of church resources. The paper concludes with insights on effective ways church leaders can allocate scarce resources to promote growth within churches. Originality/value – The authors are the only researchers getting the permission from the Atlantic Canada Baptist Convention to use their mega data set on church giving and congregation sizes as per the authors’ knowledge. The authors are also applying a theoretical model on dictatorship to religious/not for profits organizations.

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