How Firms Build Isolating Mechanisms for Knowledge: A Study in Offshore Research and Development Captives

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-116
Author(s):  
Kannan Srikanth ◽  
Anand Nandkumar ◽  
Deepa Mani ◽  
Prashant Kale
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Organizational Practices ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Knowledge Leakage ◽  
Isolating Mechanisms ◽  
The Ideal

Understanding how firms protect their knowledge from leakage is becoming increasingly important, especially when knowledge is not well protected by legal mechanisms such as patents. The rapid rise in research and development (R&D) activities taking place in offshore locations that only offer weak legal protection for intellectual property provides the ideal context to study this question. Using interview and survey data from captive R&D centers of multinational firms in India, we (1) identify five organizational practices that firms use to protect their knowledge from leaking to competitors in offshore locations, (2) consider whether these practices limit knowledge leakage or limit damage from leaked knowledge, and (3) explore whether they are complements or substitutes.

Intellectual Property Systems in Software

2013 ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Ricardo Rejas-Muslera ◽  
Elena Davara ◽  
Alain Abran ◽  
Luigi Buglione
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Software Protection ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Eu

Support for research and development in information technology is considered today as critical by most governments in the industrially advanced countries. Traditionally the way of stimulating research has been to ensure to the investor the appropriability of the returns generated. Such appropriability is typically implemented by means of the Intellectual Property Rigths. Nevertheless the protection of such rights is heterogeneous worldwide. Today two different legal systems for the protection of software coexist: the system of patents and the system of author’s copyrights. This chapter explains these two main systems of ‘intellectual property’ to provide legal protection to software, including the licenses to transfer rights on software. The end of the chapter presents the most recent trends of the EU government to replace the current European software protection system, including a discussion onf the software patents and the legal initiatives on the subject. In addition, legal issues linked with new ways in software comercialization are presented.

Intellectual Property Systems in Software

2011 ◽  
pp. 121-135
Author(s):  
Ricardo Rejas-Muslera ◽  
Elena Davara ◽  
Alain Abran ◽  
Luigi Buglione
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Software Protection ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Eu

Support for research and development in information technology is considered today as critical by most governments in the industrially advanced countries. Traditionally the way of stimulating research has been to ensure to the investor the appropriability of the returns generated. Such appropriability is typically implemented by means of the Intellectual Property Rigths. Nevertheless the protection of such rights is heterogeneous worldwide. Today two different legal systems for the protection of software coexist: the system of patents and the system of author's copyrights. Chapter 8 explains these two main systems of ‘intellectual property’ to provide legal protection to a software, including the licenses to transfer rights on software. The end of the chapter presents the most recent trends of the EU government to replace the current European software protection system, including a discussion onf the software patents and the  legal initiatives on the subject. In addition, legal issues linked with new ways in software comercialization are presented.

Intellectual Property Systems in Software

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Rejas-Muslera ◽  
Elena Davara ◽  
Alain Abran ◽  
Luigi Buglione
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Software Protection ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Eu

Support for research and development in information technology is considered today as critical by most governments in the industrially advanced countries. Traditionally the way of stimulating research has been to ensure to the investor the appropriability of the returns generated. Such appropriability is typically implemented by means of the Intellectual Property Rigths. Nevertheless the protection of such rights is heterogeneous worldwide. Today two different legal systems for the protection of software coexist: the system of patents and the system of author's copyrights. This paper explains these two main systems of ‘intellectual property’ to provide legal protection to a software, including the licenses to transfer rights on software. The end of the paper presents the most recent trends of the EU government to replace the current European software protection system, including a discussion onf the software patents and the legal initiatives on the subject. In addition, legal issues linked with new ways in software comercialization are presented.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KARYA SENI BATIK YANG BELUM TERDAFTAR MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 28 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG HAK CIPTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inggrit Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Property Law ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Work Of Art

Batik artwork is one of the treasures of the nation's cultural heritage. Batik artwork is currently experiencing rapid growth. The amount of interest and market demand for this art resulted batik artwork became one of the commodities in the country and abroad. Thus, if the batik artwork is not protected then the future can be assured of a new conflict arises in the realm of intellectual property law. Act No. 28 of 2014 on Copyright has accommodated artwork batik as one of the creations that are protected by law. So that this work of art than as a cultural heritage also have economic value for its creator. Then how the legal protection of the batik artwork yaang not registered? Does this also can be protected? While in the registration of intellectual property rights is a necessity so that it has the force of law to the work produced

GENESIS OF LEGAL PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Амала Алиевна Умарова
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The European Union

В статье анализируются отдельные нормативные акты, выступающие в качестве основы правовой охраны интеллектуальность собственность в Европейском Союзе. The article analyzes individual normative acts that act as the basis of legal protection of intellectual property in the European Union.

scholarly journals The IDEAL household energy dataset, electricity, gas, contextual sensor data and survey data for 255 UK homes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Pullinger ◽  
Jonathan Kilgour ◽  
Nigel Goddard ◽  
Niklas Berliner ◽  
Lynda Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Power Measurement ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Energy Awareness ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractThe IDEAL household energy dataset described here comprises electricity, gas and contextual data from 255 UK homes over a 23-month period ending in June 2018, with a mean participation duration of 286 days. Sensors gathered 1-second electricity data, pulse-level gas data, 12-second temperature, humidity and light data for each room, and 12-second temperature data from boiler pipes for central heating and hot water. 39 homes also included plug-level monitoring of selected electrical appliances, real-power measurement of mains electricity and key sub-circuits, and more detailed temperature monitoring of gas- and heat-using equipment, including radiators and taps. Survey data included occupant demographics, values, attitudes and self-reported energy awareness, household income, energy tariffs, and building, room and appliance characteristics. Linked secondary data comprises weather and level of urbanisation. The data is provided in comma-separated format with a custom-built API to facilitate usage, and has been cleaned and documented. The data has a wide range of applications, including investigating energy demand patterns and drivers, modelling building performance, and undertaking Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring research.

Asian Borderlands and the Legal Protection of Traditional Knowledge and Traditional Cultural Expressions

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1403-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPH ANTONS
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
World Intellectual Property Organization ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Nuanced Understanding

AbstractTraditional knowledge related to biodiversity, agriculture, medicine and artistic expressions has recently attracted much interest amongst policy makers, legal academics and social scientists. Several United Nations organizations, such as the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and the Convention on Biological Diversity under the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), have been working on international models for the protection of such knowledge held by local and indigenous communities. Relevant national, regional or provincial level legislation comes in the form of intellectual property laws and laws related to health, heritage or environmental protection. In practice, however, it has proven difficult to agree on definitions of the subject matter, to delineate local communities and territories holding the knowledge, and to clearly identify the subjects and beneficiaries of the protection. In fact, claims to ‘cultural property’ and heritage have led to conflicts and tensions between communities, regions and nations. This paper will use Southeast Asian examples and case studies to show the importance of concepts such as Zomia, ‘regions of refuge’ and mandala as well as ‘borderlands’ studies to avoid essentialized notions of communities and cultures in order to develop a nuanced understanding of the difficulties for national and international lawmaking in this field. It will also develop a few suggestions on how conflicts and tensions could be avoided or ameliorated.

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