In Utero Glyphosate Exposure and Anogenital Distance in Newborns from The Infant Development and Environment Study (TIDES)

Abstract Background Congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) is seen in 5–12% of newborns from Zika virus (ZIKV)-infected pregnancies and includes severe neurologic abnormalities. However, the majority of ZIKV-exposed newborns do not have CZS. The risk for neurodevelopmental impairment for infants without CZS following in utero ZIKV is not well known. The objective was to determine whether infants without CZS exposed to ZIKV in utero, have normal neurodevelopment. Methods We performed a longitudinal study of neurodevelopment in Colombia for infants exposed to ZIKV in utero who had a normal fetal brain MRI (Mulkey et al, JAMA Peds 2019) and normal head circumference at birth. Infant development was assessed by the Warner Initial Developmental Evaluation of Adaptive and Functional Skills (WIDEA) and the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) between 6 and 18 months of age. In-person training was done by a neurologist. The AIMS were video-recorded and scored centrally. Interrater reliability for the novel method of video-based AIMS was determined. WIDEA and AIMS scores were converted to Z-scores compared with normative samples. We also compared development between infants with normal and nonspecific findings on cranial ultrasound (US). Results Seventy-two non-CZS infants had neurodevelopmental tests; 40 were at a mean (SD) of 5.7 (0.9) months and 66 were at 13.5 (3.2) months of age. Thirty-four had two assessments. The total WIDEA, social cognition, and mobility domain scores became more abnormal with postnatal age (figure). The AIMS scores were similar to the normative sample. Three infants had an AIMS score < 2 SD’s below the norm. On cranial US, 19 infants (26%) had a nonspecific finding (lenticulostriate vasculopathy, choroid plexus cysts, subependymal cysts, and/or calcification). Infants with a US finding had a lower WIDEA mobility score than infants with normal US (P = .054). There was a trend toward lower AIMS scores in infants with US findings compared with infants with normal US (P = .26). AIMS Interrater agreement on video-based scoring was good (ICC = 0.73, 95% CI 0.42, 0.87). Conclusion ZIKV-exposed infants without CZS are at risk for neurodevelopmental delay. Nonspecific cranial US findings may represent mild ZIKV-related injury. Long-term neurodevelopmental follow-up is important for all ZIKV-exposed infants. Disclosures All Authors: No reported Disclosures.

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Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Children after in Utero Exposure to Chemotherapy

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers12123623 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 3623

Author(s):

Anna-Maria Korakiti ◽

Eleni Zografos ◽

Mathilde van Gerwen ◽

Frédéric Amant ◽

Meletios-Athanasios Dimopoulos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Infant Development ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽

Fetal Brain ◽

In Utero ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

In Utero Exposure ◽

Cancer Management ◽

Anti Cancer

Pregnancy-related cancer management represents a real challenge for both the patients and the physicians. The long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of children in utero exposed to chemotherapeutic agents has only recently been addressed. This review aims to systematically integrate and highlight all existing data from the literature regarding the effect of prenatal exposure to chemotherapy on fetal brain growth and child development. All eligible studies are based on validated neurodevelopmental testing scales (e.g., Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence) and/or well-defined questionnaires. Our systematic review including 17 studies demonstrates that no major consequences on the neurodevelopment of children after in utero exposure to anti-cancer drugs have been reported; nevertheless, longer and more thorough follow-up with large-scale multicenter prospective studies is certainly required in order to draw firm conclusions.

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Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyl/Dioxin Exposure and Feeding Type on Infants' Mental and Psychomotor Development

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.97.5.700 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 97 (5) ◽

pp. 700-706 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Corine Koopman-Esseboom ◽

Nynke Weisglas-Kuperus ◽

Maria A. J. de Ridder ◽

Cornelis G. Van der Paauw ◽

Louis G. M. Th. Tuinstra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infant Development ◽

Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽

In Utero ◽

Psychomotor Development ◽

Postnatal Exposure ◽

Breastfed Infants ◽

Feeding Type ◽

Dioxin Exposure ◽

Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽

Pcb Exposure

Objective. To evaluate the effects of in utero and lactational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins on the mental and psychomotor development of infants. Design. Prenatal PCB exposure was estimated from the levels in maternal plasma during the last month of pregnancy. Postnatal PCB and dioxin exposure of breastfed infants was calculated from levels in human milk samples and the duration of breastfeeding. Infants were examined at 3, 7, and 18 months of age with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Setting. General community. Participants. Voluntary sample of 207 mother-infant pairs. One hundred five infants were breastfed and 102 were bottle-fed. Interventions. None. Results. Higher in utero exposure to PCBs was associated with lower psychomotor scores at 3 months of age: a doubling of the PCB load resulted in a decrease of 3 points. Breastfed infants scored significantly higher on the psychomotor score at 7 months of age, compared with formula-fed infants. However, when corrected for confounders, the psychomotor score of the 66% highest-exposed breastfed infants (>756 pg total PCB-dioxin toxic equivalent) was negatively influenced by this postnatal exposure to PCBs and dioxins, and was comparable to the psychomotor score of the formula-fed infants. Breastfed infants also scored higher on the mental scale at 7 months of age in a dose-dependent way. There was no significant influence of the perinatal PCB and dioxin exposure on the mental outcome at 3 and 7 months of age. At 18 months of age neither the mental nor the psychomotor score was related to perinatal PCB or dioxin exposure, nor to the duration of breastfeeding. Conclusions. Prenatal PCB exposure has a small negative effect on the psychomotor score at 3 months of age. PCB and dioxin exposure through breastfeeding has an adverse effect on the psychomotor outcome at 7 months of age. The mental outcome at 7 months of age is positively influenced by breastfeeding per se; the perinatal exposure to PCBs and dioxins does not influence this outcome. At 18 months of age the development is affected neither by PCB and dioxin exposure nor by feeding type.

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