Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyl/Dioxin Exposure and Feeding Type on Infants' Mental and Psychomotor Development

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 700-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corine Koopman-Esseboom ◽  
Nynke Weisglas-Kuperus ◽  
Maria A. J. de Ridder ◽  
Cornelis G. Van der Paauw ◽  
Louis G. M. Th. Tuinstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Development ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Feeding Type ◽  
Dioxin Exposure ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Pcb Exposure

Objective. To evaluate the effects of in utero and lactational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins on the mental and psychomotor development of infants. Design. Prenatal PCB exposure was estimated from the levels in maternal plasma during the last month of pregnancy. Postnatal PCB and dioxin exposure of breastfed infants was calculated from levels in human milk samples and the duration of breastfeeding. Infants were examined at 3, 7, and 18 months of age with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Setting. General community. Participants. Voluntary sample of 207 mother-infant pairs. One hundred five infants were breastfed and 102 were bottle-fed. Interventions. None. Results. Higher in utero exposure to PCBs was associated with lower psychomotor scores at 3 months of age: a doubling of the PCB load resulted in a decrease of 3 points. Breastfed infants scored significantly higher on the psychomotor score at 7 months of age, compared with formula-fed infants. However, when corrected for confounders, the psychomotor score of the 66% highest-exposed breastfed infants (>756 pg total PCB-dioxin toxic equivalent) was negatively influenced by this postnatal exposure to PCBs and dioxins, and was comparable to the psychomotor score of the formula-fed infants. Breastfed infants also scored higher on the mental scale at 7 months of age in a dose-dependent way. There was no significant influence of the perinatal PCB and dioxin exposure on the mental outcome at 3 and 7 months of age. At 18 months of age neither the mental nor the psychomotor score was related to perinatal PCB or dioxin exposure, nor to the duration of breastfeeding. Conclusions. Prenatal PCB exposure has a small negative effect on the psychomotor score at 3 months of age. PCB and dioxin exposure through breastfeeding has an adverse effect on the psychomotor outcome at 7 months of age. The mental outcome at 7 months of age is positively influenced by breastfeeding per se; the perinatal exposure to PCBs and dioxins does not influence this outcome. At 18 months of age the development is affected neither by PCB and dioxin exposure nor by feeding type.

Psychomotor development and minor anomolies in children exposed to antiepileptic drugs in utero: a population-based study

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-356
Author(s):  
Katarina Wide ◽  
Birger Winbladh ◽  
Torbjörn Tomson ◽  
Kerstin Sars-Zimmer ◽  
Eva Berggren
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Population Based ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals The influence of perinatal and current dioxin and PCB exposure on reproductive parameters (sex-ratio, menstrual cycle characteristics, endometriosis, semen quality, and prematurity): a review

Biomonitoring ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Leijs ◽  
L.M. van der Linden ◽  
J.G. Koppe ◽  
K. Olie ◽  
W.M.C. van Aalderen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Dioxin Exposure ◽  
Pcb Exposure

AbstractPolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins (PCDDs/Fs) are well-known endocrine disrupters. This paper strives to elucidate the data on reproductive consequences of perinatal dioxin and PCB exposure in men and women. We focused on the following end-points: sex-ratio, endometriosis, menstrual cycle characteristics, sperm quality, and prematurity. We summarize 46 papers and compare their results including effects seen after exposure to background concentrations. Seven of twelve studies showed a decrease in sex-ratio after parental dioxin or PCB exposure. In three of the seven studies, effects were seen after paternal exposure and in three after maternal exposure. In eight of the nine studies on menstrual cycle characteristics, abnormalities were associated with PCB or dioxin exposure, however the results differed. In three studies PCB and TCDD were associated with longer menstrual cycles, while three studies indicated that an increase in PCB/PCDF exposure was associated with shorter cycles. Five studies showed effects on menstrual bleeding with higher PCB or dioxin exposure. A higher rate of irregular menstrual cycles in exposed women was seen in four studies. The conflicting outcomes probably result from variability in study design, timing of exposure and endocrine disrupting properties of the measured congeners. Nine of sixteen studies detected higher PCB or dioxin exposure in women with endometriosis. However, the manner of diagnosing endometriosis and the character of the studies varied from prospective to retrospective. Five of eight studies focusing on sperm quality showed that men, with higher serum concentrations of PCBs and/or PCB congeners and/or PCDFs, had reduced sperm quality, including increased abnormal morphology and reduced motility. The exposure timeframe seemed important here. There are two studies addressing preterm birth in relation to PCBs, one mentioned a shortening of three days of gestational age, two other studies did not find a relation. Recently one study related a shorter gestational age of half a week with overall dioxin activity measured with the CALUX method in cord blood, particularly in boys. In conclusion, exposure to PCBs and dioxins has a negative effect on the reproductive systems of human populations. Although some speculations have been made, the exact mechanism of these effects and the interactions of these compounds with other endocrine disruptors are not yet known. Age at exposure and congener specific properties are probably crucial in interpreting the observed results.

scholarly journals A cohort study of developmental polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure in relation to post-vaccination antibody response at 6-months of age

2010 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd A. Jusko ◽  
Anneclaire J. De Roos ◽  
Stephen M. Schwartz ◽  
B. Paige Lawrence ◽  
Lubica Palkovicova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Pcb Exposure

scholarly journals Genome-wide DNA methylation differences and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure in a US population

Epigenetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Sarah W. Curtis ◽  
Dawayland O. Cobb ◽  
Varun Kilaru ◽  
Metrecia L. Terrell ◽  
M. Elizabeth Marder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Pcb Exposure

scholarly journals Exclusive breastfeeding rate and factors associated with infant feeding practices in Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yovita Ananta ◽  
Ellen Gandaputra ◽  
Elina Waiman ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Nyoman Partiwi ◽  
Nanis Sacharina Marzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Developmental Status ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Breastfeeding Rate ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

Background Breast milk is the ideal food for infants. According to the 2007 Indonesian National Household Health Survey, only 23% of mothers exclusively breastfeed for six months.Objectives To determine the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia, to evaluate factors associated with infant feeding practices, and to compare the nutritional and developmental status between exclusively-breastfed and formula-fed infants.Methods A survey was conducted in hospitals located in 17 provinces in Indonesia. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding was calculated. Many variables were investigated as potential predictors for exclusive breastfeeding using a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Further analysis was performed to compare the nutritional and developmental status between exclusively breastfed and formula-fed infants at the time of survey.Results From 1,804 infant subjects, the overall rate of exclusive breastfeeding was 46.3%, ranging from 10.5% in East Java to 66.9% in Jambi. Predominant breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and formula feeding rates were 14.3%, 8.6%, and 30.7%, respectively. Maternal unemployment was associated with a longer duration of breastfeeding (P=0.000). There were significantly more formula-fed infants who were undernourished compared to exclusively-breastfed infants (14% vs. 8%, P=0.001). There were also significantly more infants in the formula-fed group who had abnormal head circumference compared to those in the exclusively-breastfed group (9% vs. 6%, P=0.031). Child development, as assessed by the Pre-screening Developmental Questionnaire, was similar between the two groups (P=0.996).Conclusion The overall rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia is 46.3%. Maternal unemployment is associated with longer duration of breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfed infants have significant better growth and head circumference compared to formula fed infants, while the development is similar between the two groups.

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