scholarly journals A Rare Presentation of Ogilvie's Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Soler Bargiela ◽  
Maria João Gomes ◽  
Filipa Bordalo Ferreira ◽  
Ana Corte Real ◽  
Ana Sofia Ventura
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Ogilvie's Syndrome ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Ogilvie’S Syndrome ◽  
Serum Aldosterone ◽  
Secretory Diarrhoea ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

Ogilvie’s syndrome or acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is characterized by massive colon dilation in the absence of mechanical obstruction or toxic megacolon. The phenotype associated with secretory diarrhoea is rare and is related to increased potassium channel activity in the colon, inducing excessive potassium loss, with increased sensitivity to normal serum aldosterone levels. The recommended therapy is potassium-sparing agents. We present the case of an 85-year-old patient who was admitted at the emergency department with prostration, abdominal distension and diarrhoea, corresponding to functional colonic dilation precipitated by severe hypokalaemia. Resolution of the condition only occurred after spironolactone was administered for suspected primary hyperaldosteronism, which was not proved as the patient showed normal aldosterone serum levels. The pathophysiological mechanism of abnormal potassium secretion in this scenario corresponds to ‘relative hyperaldosteronism’ caused by increased sensitivity of colonocytes to aldosterone.

Ogilvie's syndrome presented with delirium in an older lady with corticobasal syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Feyza Mutlay ◽  
Derya Kaya ◽  
Ahmet Turan Isik
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Colonic Obstruction ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Corticobasal Syndrome ◽  
Ogilvie's Syndrome ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Ogilvie’S Syndrome ◽  
Neurological Illnesses

Abstract Objective Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is one of an atypical parkinsonian syndromes characterized by extrapyramidal features as well as cortical involvement signs. A variety of factors may lead to delirium in older adults with chronic progressive life-limiting neurological illnesses like CBS. Ogilvie's syndrome (OS) is an acute colonic pseudo-obstruction in which abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, and constipation can be seen. We report a case of OS identified as the underlying possible cause of delirium in an 80-year-old woman with CBS. We also discuss the importance of holistic approach which is essential to manage the underlying cause and to preserve the quality of life in particular for the frail geriatric population who potentially needs palliative care or already benefits from palliative care. Method An older patient with CBS presented with symptoms similar to that of acute colonic obstruction and subsequently developed delirium. The patient was found to have colonic pseudo-obstruction (OS). Result Neostigmin infusion was therefore given to treat it and delirium was resolved. Significance of results To the best of our knowledge, clinical manifestation of delirium as OS in a patient with CBS has not been previously reported. OS may be superimposed to CBS in older patients, and OS in such patients may play a role as a precipitating factor for the development of delirium. Given the fact that CBS is progressive and rare neurodegenerative disease and almost all of these patients need palliative care, eventually, health-care professionals, especially in palliative care, should be aware of distinctive challenges of life-limiting chronic neurological illnesses, such as conditions that may lead to the development of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction because the rapid treatment of them prevents the use of potentially harmful drugs, surgical procedures, or inappropriate interventions.

scholarly journals Use of Aldosterone Antagonist to Treat Diarrhea and Hypokalemia of Ogilvie’s Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradhum Ram ◽  
Abhinav Goyal ◽  
Marvin Lu ◽  
Joshua Sloan ◽  
William McElhaugh
Keyword(s):  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Bk Channels ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Ogilvie's Syndrome ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Ogilvie’S Syndrome ◽  
Aldosterone Antagonist ◽  
Neck Fracture

Ogilvie’s syndrome (OS) is a functional obstruction of the bowel due to an autonomic imbalance. It often presents with diarrhea and is associated with hypokalemia. We present a case of a 70-year-old male who developed severe abdominal distension, watery diarrhea, and persistent hypokalemia status after left hip arthroplasty after suffering from a femoral neck fracture due to a fall and was diagnosed with OS. The persistent hypokalemia was slow to improve despite aggressive repletion because of the high potassium losses in the stool. This is most likely mediated through the increased expression of BK channels in the colonic mucosa. Aldosterone is theorized to have a role in the regulation of BK channels. Spironolactone was subsequently given and resulted in marked improvement of the diarrhea and hypokalemia. Thus, this case suggests a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of Ogilvie’s syndrome-associated diarrhea and hypokalemia.

Amitraz: an unusual aetiology of Ogilvie's syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 481-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahin Aslan ◽  
Fatih Bilge ◽  
Bulent Aydinli ◽  
Tarik Ocak ◽  
Mustafa Uzkeser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gastric Lavage ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Fluid Replacement ◽  
Supportive Treatment ◽  
Ogilvie's Syndrome ◽  
Ogilvie’S Syndrome ◽  
The Third

Amitraz is an insecticide/acaricide of formamidine pesticides used worldwide for ectoparasites in animals. Because of its widespread use, amitraz poisoning is frequently encountered in Turkey. Case report: A 36-year-old, comatose female was admitted to the hospital. Although it was stated that she had taken a glass of water containing amitraz, the exact volume of the substance was unknown. On admission, her Glasgow Coma Scale score was 10/15. Clinical findings were vomiting, miosis, bradycardia and hypotension. The patient's vital signs were body temperature 37.28C, pulse 54 bpm, blood pressure 80/50 mmHg and pulse-oximetry 84%. Supportive treatment consisting of oxygen, fluid replacement and gastric lavage, activated charcoal and atropine was administered. On the second day, signs of Ogilvie's syndrome characterized by severe tenderness, distension and pain in the abdomen were seen. On the third day, the patient's condition improved except for abdominal distension and pain, inability to pass faeces or flatus through the anus. Although continuous nasogastric tube decompression was performed, her complaints were not resolved completely. Neostigmine was administered on the fourth day. On the fifth day, abdominal pain and distension were decreased, and stool passage began. She had a complete clinical and laboratory improvement, which warranted her discharge on the seventh day of admission.

Ogilvie's syndrome after pediatric spinal deformity surgery: successful treatment with neostigmine

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristopher G. Hooten ◽  
Seth F. Oliveria ◽  
Shawn D. Larson ◽  
David W. Pincus
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Deformity ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Bowel Perforation ◽  
Deformity Correction ◽  
Tethered Cord ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Ogilvie's Syndrome ◽  
Ogilvie’S Syndrome ◽  
Adynamic Ileus ◽  
Spinal Deformity Surgery

Ogilvie's syndrome is a rare and potentially fatal disease that can easily be mistaken for postoperative ileus. Also known as acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, early recognition and diagnosis of the syndrome allows for treatment prior to bowel perforation and requisite abdominal surgery. The authors report a case of Ogilvie's syndrome following spinal deformity correction and tethered cord release in an adolescent who presented with acute abdominal distension, nausea, and vomiting on postoperative Day 0. The patient was initially diagnosed with adynamic ileus and treated conservatively with bowel rest, reduction in narcotic dosage, and a regimen of stool softeners, laxatives, and enemas. Despite this treatment, her clinical course failed to improve, and she demonstrated significant colonic distension radiographically. Intravenous neostigmine was administered as a bolus with a rapid and dramatic response. This case is the first reported instance of neostigmine use for Ogilvie's syndrome treatment following a pediatric neurosurgical operation.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and management of Ogilvie’s Syndrome post Caesarean Section.

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
Leah Hawkins ◽  
Sunny Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Good Recovery ◽  
Ogilvie's Syndrome ◽  
Ogilvie’S Syndrome ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Return Home ◽  
Hospital Acquired

A 36-year-old woman presented to maternity unit two days post caesarean section (CS) with abdominal distension, pain and constipation. She was found to be septic on admission. Imaging demonstrated dilated bowel loops without an identifiable site of obstruction highlighting Ogilvie’s syndrome (OS) as the cause of her symptoms. Hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) was identified as the source of infection with accompanying right sided lower lobe collapse. She was reviewed by multiple specialties to aid management and was subsequently managed conservatively for pseudo-obstruction. She made a good recovery and was able to return home after 10 days in hospital.

scholarly journals Ogilvie’s syndrome following cesarean delivery: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 5045
Author(s):  
Syed Uzair Mahmood ◽  
Maheen Zaidi ◽  
Syeda Kashaf Zaidi ◽  
Hanaa Tariq ◽  
Mohammad Yasir Umer
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Ogilvie's Syndrome ◽  
Ogilvie’S Syndrome ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Unit Management ◽  
Plain Abdominal Film

Ogilvie’s syndrome (OS) or acute pseudo-obstruction of the large bowel, is a rare condition and the true incidence is unknown. We present a case of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (OS) post cesarean section in a 35-year-old patient with fetal distress, following cesarean delivery at term under general anesthesia. On the second postoperative day, she complained of abdominal distension, pain, nausea, vomiting, bloating and no passage of stool. As the patient's condition did not improve, she continued to have persistent abdominal distention. A plain abdominal film was taken and abdominal ultrasound was done, which showed massive gaseous distention of the bowels without fluid level. At laparotomy, a huge distended gut, pussy flakes on intestine, and massive dilatation of the whole colon were found. Postoperatively, the patient was managed with fluids, antibiotics, nutritional support, etc., along with the standard guidelines for management of peritonitis. The patient recovered and was discharged after 1 day of intensive care unit management to the ward. The need for awareness about the syndrome and early diagnosis is emphasized. 

The Potentially Fatal Ogilvie's Syndrome in Lateral Transpsoas Access Surgery: A Multi-Institutional Experience with 2930 Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 302-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Januszewski ◽  
Sean K. Keem ◽  
William Smith ◽  
Joshua M. Beckman ◽  
Adam S. Kanter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ogilvie's Syndrome ◽  
Ogilvie’S Syndrome ◽  
Institutional Experience ◽  
Access Surgery

scholarly journals Low Serum Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) in Family Members of Individuals with Autism Correlates with PiMZ Genotype

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. BMI.S1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Russo ◽  
Lauren Neville ◽  
Christine Wroge
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Low Serum

Aim Deficiency of Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) can be a genetic condition that increases the risk of developing liver, lung and possibly gastrointestinal disease. Since many autistic children also have gastrointestinal disorders, this study was designed to measure serum concentration of AAT and establish AAT genotypes in autistic children, age and gender matched non-autistic siblings, parents and controls. Subjects and Methods We used an indirect ELISA with monoclonal IgG to AAT to measure AAT serum concentrations in 71 members from 16 families of individuals with autism and 18 controls (no family history of autism). We used a duplex polymerase chain reaction to detect M, S and Z alleles for alpha-1 antitrypsin expression in 52 members of 12 of the above families. Results A significantly high number of autistic family members had lower than normal serum levels of AAT when compared to controls. Autistic children with regressive onset had significantly lower levels of AAT compared to controls, and a significant number of autistic children with low serum AAT also had hyperbilirubinemia, gastrointestinal disease and respiratory problems. We also found that a significantly high number of these individuals had the PiMZ genotype and correspondingly low levels of serum alpha-1 antitrypsin. Discussion Knowing that low levels of alpha-1 antitrypsin may be inherited, and that low levels of AAT may be associated with GI disease in autistic children, genotyping autistic children may help identify individuals susceptible to developing digestive problems.

scholarly journals The relationship between plasma renin activity and serum lipid profiles in patients with primary arterial hypertension

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 147032031881002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Pizoń ◽  
Marek Rajzer ◽  
Wiktoria Wojciechowska ◽  
Małgorzata Wach-Pizoń ◽  
Tomasz Drożdż ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Serum Aldosterone ◽  
Primary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Aldosterone To Renin Ratio

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical and biochemical differences between patients with low-renin and high-renin primary arterial hypertension (AH), mainly in reference to serum lipids, and to identify factors determining lipid concentrations. Materials and methods: In untreated patients with AH stage 1 we measured plasma renin activity (PRA) and subdivided the group into low-renin (PRA < 0.65 ng/mL/h) and high-renin (PRA ⩾ 0.65 ng/mL/h) AH. We compared office and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure, serum aldosterone, lipids and selected biochemical parameters between subgroups. Factors determining lipid concentration in both subgroups were assessed in regression analysis. Results: Patients with high-renin hypertension ( N = 58) were characterized by higher heart rate ( p = 0.04), lower serum sodium ( p < 0.01) and aldosterone-to-renin ratio ( p < 0.01), and significantly higher serum aldosterone ( p = 0.03), albumin ( p < 0.01), total protein ( p < 0.01), total cholesterol ( p = 0.01) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ( p = 0.04) than low-renin subjects ( N = 39). In univariate linear regression, only PRA in the low-renin group was in a positive relationship with LDL-C ( R2 = 0.15, β = 1.53 and p = 0.013); this association remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, and serum albumin and aldosterone concentrations. Conclusions: Higher serum levels of total and LDL-C characterized high-renin subjects, but the association between LDL-C level and PRA existed only in low-renin primary AH.

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