scholarly journals Fetuin-A in patients with metabolic syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-308
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Fetuin A ◽  
Artery Disease

Metabolic syndrome is a common disorder the prevalence of which is estimated to be about 20% in Polish adult population. Abdominal obesity and insulin resistance are important pathogenetic factors. Metabolic syndrome plays a role as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Fetuin-A is a multifunctional plasma glycoprotein. It is a physiological inhibitor of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and thus associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and an increased risk for type 2 diabetes. The study was conducted in 62 patients with metabolic syndrome (34F and 28M) aged 35-83. In 47 persons type 2 diabetes was a component of metabolic syndrome, 62% of diabetics had coronary artery disease as a macrovascular complication. Determinations of biochemical parameters and anthropometric measurements were performed in the studied group. We analysed a relationship between serum fetuin-A concentration and components of metabolic syndrome and total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HbA1C, BMI as well. Diabetics had lower fetuin-A concentrations than patients without diabetes (0.550 g/l vs 0.600 g/l). Fetuin-A levels in patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease were significantly lower (0.535 g/l) than in those without macrovascular complications (0.590 g/l) (Z=1.969; p=0.048). Furthermore the correlation between fetuin-A serum concentration and fasting plasma glucose, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides levels were observed. Patients with higher fasting glucose had lower fetuin-A levels. However, fetuin-A concentration was positive correlated with LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides levels. No association between fetuin-A and waist circumference, blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, HbA1C and BMI were found. In summary, serum fetuin-A level has a correlation with some components of metabolic syndrome. We concluded that fetuin-A could be used not only as a marker, but also plays some role in pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and higher risk of cardiovascular disease.

Characterization of Glyoxal Modified LDL: Role in the Generation of Circulating Autoantibodies in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Masum Rizwee ◽  
Minhal Abidi ◽  
Safia Habib ◽  
Abdul Rouf Mir ◽  
Asif Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Modified Ldl ◽  
Circulating Antibodies ◽  
Artery Disease

Aims: To investigate role of glyoxal modified LDL in immunopathology of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Background: Glycoxidation of proteins is widely studied in relation to diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Objective: This study probed the glyoxal mediated modifications in LDL, analyzed the immunogenicity of the glycated LDL and ascertained the presence of circulating antibodies against modified LDL in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), coronary artery disease (CAD) and patients with both (T2DM+CAD). Methods: Glyoxal mediated modifications in LDL were studied by multiple spectroscopic techniques, high performance liquid chromatography and electron microscopy. Immunization studies were carried in New Zealand rabbits. Presence of antibodies against glyoxal modified LDL in immunized rabbits and human subjects were analyzed by ELISA. Results: Glyoxal altered the structural integrity of LDL and lead to the formation of AGEs. It decreased the alpha helix content of LDL; increased β sheet formation; increased carbonyl content and decreased free lysine and arginine content. Modified LDL showed aggregation, generation of of Nε-(Carboxymethyl) lysine and the formation of amorphous type aggregates. It exhibited high antigenicity and generated specific immune response that shared common antigenic determinants with other glycated proteins. Direct binding data showed the presence of anti- glyoxal modified LDL antibodies in patients with T2DM, CAD and patients with both T2DM and CAD. Further analysis in competitive binding assay revealed specific binding characteristics of auto-antibodies. Sera from patients with T2DM+CAD exhibited highest binding with glyoxal modified LDL. Conclusion: Glyoxal modified LDL has neo-antigenic determinants that cause the generation of circulating antibodies in diabetes and coronary artery disease. The study might have potential relevance in biomarker development.

scholarly journals Effects of exercise training on inflammasome-related mediators and their associations to glucometabolic variables in patients with combined coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Sub-study of a randomized control trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-368
Author(s):  
Hani Zaidi ◽  
Rune Byrkjeland ◽  
Ida U Njerve ◽  
Sissel Åkra ◽  
Svein Solheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: Adipose tissue produces pro-inflammatory mediators involved in the atherosclerotic process. We investigated whether 12-month exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease would reduce circulating levels and genetic expression of mediators in the interleukin-18, Caspase-1 and NLR pyrin domain containing 3 pathways. Correlations to glucometabolic variables; fasting glucose, HbA1c, duration of diabetes, insulin, C-peptide, insulin resistance (measured by homeostatic model assessment indexes – insulin resistance) and body mass index at baseline were further assessed. Methods: 137 patients (aged 41–81 years, 17.2% female participants) were included and randomized to a 12-month exercise programme or to a control group. Fasting blood and adipose tissue samples were taken at inclusion and after 12 months. Results: No statistically significant difference in changes of any variable between the intervention and the control group was found. At baseline, a positive correlation between insulin and homeostatic model assessment indexes – insulin resistance, interleukin-18 expression in adipose tissue and an inverse correlation between some glucometabolic variables and leukocyte expression of NLR pyrin domain containing 3 and Caspase-1 were observed. Conclusion: No significant effects of long-term exercise training were observed on the inflammasome-related mediators in our patients with combined coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The observed correlations may indicate a pro-inflammatory state in adipose tissue by overweight and a compensatory downregulation of these mediators in circulating leucocytes.

scholarly journals Potential Biomarkers of Insulin Resistance and Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharifah Intan Qhadijah Syed Ikmal ◽  
Hasniza Zaman Huri ◽  
Shireene Ratna Vethakkan ◽  
Wan Azman Wan Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Artery Disease

Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with coronary artery disease have become a major public health concern. The occurrence of insulin resistance accompanied with endothelial dysfunction worsens the state of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The combination of insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction leads to coronary artery disease and ischemic heart disease complications. A recognized biological marker, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, has been used widely to assess the progression of atherosclerosis and inflammation. Along with coronary arterial damage and inflammatory processes, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein is considered as an essential atherosclerosis marker in patients with cardiovascular disease, but not as an insulin resistance marker in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. A new biological marker that can act as a reliable indicator of both the exact state of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis is required to facilitate optimal health management of diabetic patients. Malfunctioning of insulin mechanism and endothelial dysfunction leads to innate immune activation and released several biological markers into circulation. This review examines potential biological markers, YKL-40, alpha-hydroxybutyrate, soluble CD36, leptin, resistin, interleukin-18, retinol binding protein-4, and chemerin, as they may play significant roles in insulin resistance and atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with coronary artery disease.

scholarly journals A study of prevalence of silent coronary artery disease in asymptomatic type II diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Moogaambiga S ◽  
Kirubhakaran K ◽  
Devi PL ◽  
Santhosh P
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Treadmill Test ◽  
Silent Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetics. However diabetic patients do not present with typical anginal symptoms or may be even asymptomatic and silent coronary artery disease (CAD) is prevalent in diabetics. Moreover silent CAD is not different from symptomatic CAD with respect to prognosis and adverse effects. Aim: The study was done to demonstrate the prevalence of silent myocardial ischemic changes in asymptomatic type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with normal resting ECG by doing a stress exercise test. Methodology: This descriptive study was done in 100 patients with type 2 diabetes more than 2 years who did not have any history of cardiovascular disease or symptoms. Detailed history was taken and investigations such as HbA1c, fasting and postprandial blood sugar, serum creatinine, urine examination were done. Resting ECG, Echocardiogram was found to be normal and they were subjected to a treadmill test. Results: Among the 100 participants 18 persons (18%) had positive ECG findings in treadmill test. A positive association was found between the duration of diabetes and prevalence of positive treadmill test. Conclusion: There is significant prevalence of silent CAD in diabetic patients and they tend to present with advanced disease at presentation and have poorer prognosis compared to non diabetic population. Hence it is necessary to screen early for silent CAD in diabetics to improve disease outcomes.

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