scholarly journals Social Class and Social Capital in China and Britain: A Comparative Study

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaojun Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Comparative Study

Open But Segregated? Class Divisions And the Network Structure of Social Capital in Chile

Social Forces ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Otero ◽  
Beate Volker ◽  
Jesper Rozer
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Economic Disadvantage ◽  
Occupational Class ◽  
Class Divisions ◽  
Heterogeneous Class

Abstract This paper studies how social capital is divided across classes in Chile, one of the most unequal countries in the world. We analyse the extent to which upper-, middle-, and lower class individuals congregate in social networks with similar others, while following Bourdieu and expecting that in particular the networks of the higher social strata are segregated in terms of social capital. We test our argument with large-scale, representative survey data for the Chilean urban population aged 18–75 years (n = 2,517) and build an integrated indicator of people’s social class that combines measures of education, occupational class, and household income. Our regression analyses show that upper-class individuals have larger networks and access to more varied and prestigious social resources than their middle- and lower class counterparts. Interestingly, however, we found a U-shaped relationship between social class and class homogeneity, indicating that network segregation is high at the top as well as at the bottom of the class-based social strata. In contrast, the classes in the middle have more heterogeneous class networks, possibly forming an important bridge between the “edges” of the class structure. These findings demonstrate that whereas social and economic capital cumulates in higher classes, the lower classes are socially deprived next to their economic disadvantage.

scholarly journals Social Class and Changes in Australian Women's Affect and Alcohol Consumption During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Lunnay ◽  
Barbara Toson ◽  
Carlene Wilson ◽  
Emma R. Miller ◽  
Samantha Beth Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Time Points

Introduction: Before the pandemic, mid-life women in Australia were among the “heaviest” female alcohol consumers, giving rise to myriad preventable health risks. This paper uses an innovative model of social class within a sample of Australian women to describe changes in affective states and alcohol consumption patterns across two time points during COVID-19.Methods: Survey data were collected from Australian mid-life women (45–64 years) at two time points during COVID-19—May 2020 (N = 1,218) and July 2020 (N = 799). We used a multi-dimensional model for measuring social class across three domains—economic capital (income, property and assets), social capital (social contacts and occupational prestige of those known socially), and cultural capital (level of participation in various cultural activities). Latent class analysis allowed comparisons across social classes to changes in affective states and alcohol consumption patterns reported at the two time points using alcohol consumption patterns as measured by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test—Consumption (AUDIT-C) and its component items.Results: Seven social classes were constructed, characterized by variations in access to capital. Affective states during COVID-19 differed according to social class. Comparing between the survey time points, feeling fearful/anxious was higher in those with high economic and cultural capital and moderate social capital (“emerging affluent”). Increased depression was most prominent in the class characterized by the highest volumes of all forms of capital (“established affluent”). The social class characterized by the least capital (“working class”) reported increased prevalence of uncertainty, but less so for feeling fearful or anxious, or depressed. Women's alcohol consumption patterns changed across time during the pandemic. The “new middle” class—a group characterized by high social capital (but contacts with low prestige) and minimal economic capital—had increased AUDIT-C scores.Conclusion: Our data shows the pandemic impacted women's negative affective states, but not in uniform ways according to class. It may explain increases in alcohol consumption among women in the emerging affluent group who experienced increased feelings or fear and anxiety during the pandemic. This nuanced understanding of the vulnerabilities of sub-groups of women, in respect to negative affect and alcohol consumption can inform future pandemic policy responses designed to improve mental health and reduce the problematic use of alcohol. Designing pandemic responses segmented for specific audiences is also aided by our multi-dimensional analysis of social class, which uncovers intricate differences in affective states amongst sub-groups of mid-life women.

scholarly journals Caste, Class, and Urbanization: The Shaping of Religious Community in Contemporary India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Stroope
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Qualitative Work ◽  
Nationally Representative

AbstractBuilding on the implications of qualitative work from India and urbanism theories, I aim to understand whether religious bonding social capital in contemporary India increases with greater urbanization and whether such increases are moderated by caste or social class position. Results from multinomial logistic regression on 1,417 Hindu respondents in a nationally representative sample of India (World Values Survey-India 2001) indicate that religious bonding is fostered by urbanism and that this association is stronger for upper castes. But there is little evidence that social class similarly moderates the association between urbanism and religious bonding. In light of these findings, religious bonding might be better understood as rooted in the interaction of caste dynamics and changes in the urban environment, rather than as a result of greater affluence. The data are also consistent with work underscoring the importance of disentangling social class and caste among Hindus in contemporary India.

scholarly journals Architectural development of urban social capital : cohousing in downtown Toronto

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Capital Social ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Housing Developments ◽  
Family Housing ◽  
Architectural Development ◽  
Urban Conditions

his thesis is an investigation in to the opportunities to create multi-family housing developments in an urban centre, namely downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada, that facilitate the development of social capital. Social capital refers to the connection that unifies a community, and creates a sense of belonging. A comparative study of social capital creation was undertaken using two typical Toronto housing models, condominiums and cooperatives and a third form of housing not yet found in Toronto, cohousing. Through this comparison, cohousing was determined to have the greatest opportunity for creating social capital. To determine an appropriate design methodology for urban cohousing, the principles of social capital that inspired cohousing design were exposed and used to reinterpret cohousing to include urban conditions. An exploration of the reinterpreted cohousing design methodlogy through the hypothetical redevelopment of an industrial urban five storey complex for a diverse client concludes the design thesis.

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