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2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Rizal Ula Ananta Fauzi ◽  
Arman Ahmad ◽  
Zaki Bahrun Niam ◽  
Izian Idris ◽  
Isabela Indah Puspita Ningrum

With a majority Muslim population, Indonesia has a good market share for Islamic banks. The existence of conventional banks becomes a competition to determine the strategy of Islamic bank managers. This study aimed to examine the effect of honesty and profit-sharing on trust mediation on consumer intentions. This study uses SPSS analysis and the Sobel test to see the role of mediation. Samples were taken as many as 384 respondents from the Muslim community. The analysis results obtained that religiosity significantly affects consumer trust and intentions. Profit and loss sharing significantly impacts confidence and does not affect consumer intentions. Trust can provide a significant mediating role. In terms of increasing the factors that influence consumer intentions, company managers must build consumer trust, the opportunity for a religious community to become a potential target market.


2022 ◽  
pp. 216769682110646
Author(s):  
Seanna Leath ◽  
Meredith O. Hope ◽  
Gordon J. M. Palmer ◽  
Theda Rose

To date, few scholars have explored religious and spiritual socialization among emerging adult Black women. In this study, we analyzed semi-structured interview data from 50 Black undergraduate women to explore associations between childhood religious socialization messages and current religious beliefs in emerging adulthood. Consensual qualitative methods revealed two broad domains and six themes. The first domain, “religious alignment,” included: (1) internalizing religion and (2) educating others on religious beliefs. The second domain, “religious departure,” included: (3) modifying religious expectations to fit developing beliefs, (4) employing religion as a pathway to self-acceptance, (5) picking and choosing battles within their religious community, and (6) choosing an alternate religious or faith system. Findings highlighted how the women started to take ownership of their religious experiences, as well as how they used religious practices, such as prayer, to cope with gendered racism. Authors discuss the implications of emerging adulthood on Black women’s religious identities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-69
Author(s):  
Wilhelm Rees

Refugees and migrants have always been of particular concern to the Roman Catholic Church and its pastoral care. Even if the large influx of refugees happening in 2015 and 2016 is no longer the case, flight and migration are still relevant topics in Austria. The contribution deals with the historical development of canonical regulations, the situation of refugees and migrants in Austria, the legal basis, the implementation of asylum procedures and numbers, the statements of the Austrian Bishop’s Conference, the access to a Church or religious community and converting from one to another, the question of the Catholic Church’s necessity of salvation, regulations concerning catechumenate and the question of church asylum. It provides figures, data and facts, presents the canonical and state legal situation and analyses it. It tries to make weak points obvious and would like to provide help for future considerations.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-295
Author(s):  
Fikri Hamdani ◽  
Moh. Muhtador

This paper is a critical study of the discourse on religion and patriarchal culture. The development of religious patriarchism results from the interpretation of spiritual teachings that have the impression of a gender bias; the gender bias interpretation model is one of the relationships that shows the interaction of patriarchal culture with religion. Disclosure of the relationship between religion and patriarchism to understand the boundaries of what is called religion and interpretation and other elements in the meaning of religion. This paper is library research that relies on literature data related to gender and religion by using the theory of gender criticism to find answers to religious alliances and patriarchism. This paper shows that epistemologically, a series of meanings related to women's lives is interpreted textually. The meanings that are born are motivated by elements of male culture. There is a patriarchal ideology that is still strong in the body of a religious community that interprets the meaning of religion as religion.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 3-24
Author(s):  
Henriette Hanky

While meditation has undeniably become a part of popular culture, the term encompasses a wide variety of practices and conceptualizations on the religious-secular spectrum. In this paper, I explore how this wide scope is dealt with at meditation retreats offered at the Norwegian center Dharma Mountain. The place is built around the Norwegian guru Vasant Swaha and serves as a meeting place for his disciples, the sangha. At the same time, the Dharma Mountain group takes part in the wider popular meditation field with retreats tailored toward the preferences of an often guru-critical mainstream audience. Based on ethnographical material, I compare two meditation techniques, vipassana and Dynamic Meditation, and how they are introduced, legitimized, and performed at a newcomer weekend in the first and a summer retreat with Vasant Swaha in the second case. I show that while instructors introduce vipassana as a generic and simple technique, they mark Dynamic Meditation as a specifically composed method and thus integrate it with Swaha’s background in the Osho movement and the therapeutic outlook of his retreats. My findings point to the flexibility of the concept of meditation and how this helps organizers to address different audiences. Under the umbrella of meditation, Dharma Mountain incorporates a range of conceptualizations, from self-help to spiritual awakening, and different social forms, from costumer relations to religious community, in one and the same place.


Author(s):  
Andrey Vinogradov ◽  

Introduction. The process of Christianization of the Lazica, poorly presented in written sources, received an important source in the recently found inscriptions from the Machkhomeri fortress near Khobi. Analysis. The inscriptions were discovered during the excavations of a three-nave basilica, built in the 6th c. by a certain Gorgonios in honour of Holy Forty Martyrs of Sebaste. The next benefactor of the church was a certain Theonas, his wife and family. In the northern part of the basilica, there were also found fragments of two inscriptions, which contain the list of benefactors with their synodiai. The dedicants of the inscriptions were among others the carpenters/ builders of the church and their colleagues, who probably also formed a synodia. Results. Thus, we see in the 6th-c. Lazica a rare kind of religious community around a mighty person or institution – a synodia consisting mainly of lay people. The competition for the right to own objects inside the Machkhomeri Basilica shows that this church was the centre of attraction and pilgrimage in the region, perhaps thanks to the relics of the Martyrs of Sebaste.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-268
Author(s):  
Dedisyah Putra ◽  
Asrul Hamid

Isra' Mi'raj is a very important historical event for Muslims around the world. In Islam, the commemoration of Isra' and Mi'raj is a momentum to upgrade faith, add insight and motivation to worship, especially in maintaining the five daily prayers. The journey of Isra' Mi'raj is believed to be the most sacred prophetic spiritual journey, so it is natural that many Quraysh residents of Mecca at that time doubted its truth. Commemorating Isra' and Mi'raj including the realm of ikhtilaf al-fuqaha from the past until now. But the most mu'tabar opinion states the ability (al-Jawaz) in commemorating Isra' Mi'raj to achieve benefit for the religious community. This opinion is believed by the Muslim community in Mandailing Natal Regency. This paper presents a portrait of the habits of Muslims in Mandailing Natal Regency in commemorating Isra' and Mi'raj as one of the efforts to foster religious spirit to make Mandailing Natal Regency a civilized one. This research is a field research with a qualitative method with a religious approach to explain the practice of religious spirit that should bring every Muslim in Mandailing Natal Regency to practice Islamic teachings in accordance with the spirit contained in the Isra' and Mi'raj events. In addition, the custom of the Mandailing Natal community in commemorating Isra' and Mi'raj needs to be maintained and preserved as a form of local wisdom in order to realize Mandailing Natal which has the slogan of a traditional country, obedient to worship.Isra’ Mi’raj adalah peristiwa bersejarah yang sangat penting bagi umat Islam seluruh dunia. Dalam Islam, peringatan Isra’ dan Mi’raj merupakan momentum untuk mengupgrade keimanan, menambah wawasan dan motivasi beribadah terutama dalam menjaga salat lima waktu. Perjalanan Isra’ Mi’raj diyakini sebagai perjalanan rohani kenabian yang paling sakral sehingga wajar bila penduduk kafir Quraisy Kota Makkah saat itu banyak yang meragukan akan kebenarannya. Memperingati Isra’ dan Mi’raj termasuk ranah ikhtilaf al-fuqaha dari dahulu sampai sekarang. Namun pendapat yang paling mu’tabar menyatakan kebolehan (al-jawaz) dalam memperingati Isra’ Mi’raj untuk mencapai maslahat bagi masyarakat beragama. Pendapat inilah yang diyakini oleh masyarakat muslim di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal. Tulisan ini menyajikan potret kebiasaan umat Islam di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal dalam memperingati Isra’ dan Mi’raj sebagai salah satu upaya memupuk semangat beragama menjadikan Kabupaten Mandailing Natal yang madani. Penelitian ini merupakan field research dengan metode kualitiatif dengan pendekatan keagamaan guna menjelaskan praktik semangat keagamaan yang seharusnya membawa setiap umat Islam di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal mengamalkan ajaran Islam sesuai dengan spirit yang terkandung pada peristiwa Isra’ dan Mi’raj. Selain itu, kebiasaan masyarakat Mandailing Natal dalam memperingati Isra’ dan Mi’raj ini perlu dijaga dan dilestarikan sebagai bentuk kearifan lokal guna mewujudkan Mandailing Natal yang memiliki slogan negeri beradat, taat berbibadat.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Jorge De Andres-Sanchez ◽  
Angel Belzunegui-Eraso ◽  
Sonia Fernández-Aliseda

Background: There are a wide number of assessments suggesting that being a member of a religious community inhibits adolescents’ risky behaviours and, consequently, can act as a protective factor against the consumption of smoking substances. Methods: We have analysed a structured questionnaire answered by 1935 adolescents from Tarragona (Spain). Results: We have found that variables linked to family were the principal explanatory factors of adolescents’ smoking habits. Living with two parents was a protective factor against tobacco and cannabis use since its Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) was clearly below 1 (p<0.01). So, whereas living with one parent showed an IRR>1 (p<0.05), adolescents that live without parents presented an IRR close 2 (p<0.05 for tobacco and p<0.01 for cannabis). However, having a religious confession also influence smoking substance use in adolescents (IRR close 0.85 with p<0.01). Conclusion: We found a clear preventive effect in belonging to a religious community. Moreover, this protective effect was less intense, but not statistically significant, for Catholics than for members of other confessions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4-2) ◽  
pp. 476-490
Author(s):  
Svetlana Khmelevskaya ◽  
◽  
Natalia Yablokova ◽  

Currently, the study of religious knowledge is carried out mainly within the framework of religious epistemology, which does not exclude its consideration from the standpoint of a non-cognitive approach, for example, fideism. However, the greatest interest is in cognitivism, whose proponents explore the problems of religious knowledge using a number of standards of classical epistemology, yet at the same time modify them, creating standards of religious epistemology proper. One of the authors who develop this direction is J. Greco, who continues the tradition of studying evidence ("testimonial evidence") and its role in the formation and functioning of religious consciousness. In an effort to organize witness knowledge, he tries to typologize it, distinguishing, on the one hand, knowledge presented as a set of witness data, and, on the other hand, as knowledge transmitted and assimilated in the processes of communication that take place, for example, within a religious community. J. Greco criticizes the arguments of skeptics who claim that it is impossible that the evidence can serve as a sufficient basis for religious belief. The article emphasizes the simplicity of such an approach, since J. Greco does not distinguish the types of knowledge that are formed as a result of evidence (in particular, reflexive and value-based knowledge, which are formed and assimilated in different ways), which are different in their epistemological characteristics. At the same time, he focuses on a problem that is significant not only for religious, but also for classical epistemology, namely, the influence of the moral authority of a particular form of comprehension of being (science, religion, etc.) and its specific representatives who develop the relevant knowledge on the assimilation of certain epistemic truths by both specialized communities (for example, the scientific community) and society as a whole. The philosophical arguments of J. Greco shows that the theme of religious evidence within the framework of classical epistemology is not reduced to banal statements that they do not meet the criteria generated by scientific knowledge. These reflections touch upon a number of topics relevant to this epistemology. At the same time, these arguments point to the need to develop a religious epistemology based on the specifics of religious knowledge with its own verification criteria and methodology for obtaining it.


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