Choosing the Leader

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Matthew N. Green ◽  
Douglas B. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Early Research ◽  
Vote Choice ◽  
Election Campaigns ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Leadership Selection ◽  
Party Leadership ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Leadership Elections ◽  
The Common

This book attempts to fill the gap in the understanding of how congressional leaders are chosen. It offers the first systematic analysis of party leadership elections in Congress since the 1970s, looking in particular at how election campaigns unfold and the factors driving lawmakers' vote choice when vacancies occur or challenges erupt against sitting leaders. This chapter begins with a brief review of the House's major elected party leadership positions. It then discusses the common wisdom about congressional leadership elections and the limits of early research on the topic. Next, it introduces a new theory of leadership selection and explain how candidates, campaigns, and political context contribute to the factors that shape legislators' vote choice for a leader. It then introduces the empirical data used in this study, describes the testing methodology, and outlines the chapters that follow.

Choosing the Leader

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew N Green ◽  
Douglas Harris
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Vote Choice ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
Leadership Elections ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Comprehensive Study

How are congressional party leaders chosen? In the first comprehensive study since Robert Peabody's classic Leadership in Congress, this book draws on newly collected data about U.S. House members who have sought leadership positions from the 1960s to the present—data including whip tallies, public and private vote commitments, interviews, and media accounts—to provide new insights into how the selection process truly works. Elections for congressional party leaders are conventionally seen as a function of either legislators' ideological preferences or factors too idiosyncratic to permit systematic analysis. Analyzing six decades' worth of information, the book finds evidence for a new comprehensive model of vote choice in House leadership elections that incorporates both legislators' goals and their connections with leadership candidates.

scholarly journals Science Slams as Edutainment: A Reception Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Niemann ◽  
Laura Bittner ◽  
Philipp Schrögel ◽  
Christiane Hauser
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Explorative Study ◽  
Reception Study ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
The Common ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
Method Analysis

Science slams are a prominent form of science communication especially in Germany that seeks to entertain. While some view science slams as an excellent vehicle for disseminating knowledge, others argue that the imperative to entertain undermines the scientific value of this form of presentation. Drawing on empirical data from three science slam events, this explorative study examines how audiences and presenters perceive the science slam, particularly as it relates to entertainment and the communication of scientific knowledge. Our multi-method analysis includes audience surveys (n = 469), an eye-tracking study, and interviews with science slammers (n = 18). Our results show that the main reason audiences attend a science slam is for entertainment, yet they also have a strong interest in scientific content. Assessing the slammers’ aspirations concerning the audience, we find entertainment to be an important part, but the motivation to impart scientific knowledge is key for most. When asked to evaluate individual presentations (n = 20), spectators tended to rate both the entertainment and scientific value of the presentations as high. However, in terms of visual attention within individual presentations, spectators spent more time considering scientific content than entertainment content. Overall, we do not find evidence for the common claim that the focus on entertainment undermines the scientific value of science slam presentations—rather, entertainment and scientific content are combined to produce “edutainment” in a positive sense.

scholarly journals Political condemnations of professor Salih Burek during 1970s

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-259
Author(s):  
Kadrija Hodžić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Public Life ◽  
District Court ◽  
Party Leadership ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
The Common ◽  
Economic Institute ◽  
Political Figure

Salih Burek is one of the most respected economists in B&H, a professor and economic thinker of the Tuzla region from the late 50s to the early 1970s. Due to critical approaches to the party leadership of the Tuzla basin and the development of the contradicted economic concepts of the development of the chemical industry in Tuzla, it is strongly politically discredited and removed from public life. Politically-designed police accusations are classified as so-called Tuzla group, which in the mid-1970s was at the center of the biggest political affair in the socialist times of Tuzla and Bosnia and Herzegovina as a whole. Burek was the closest associate of Pashaga Mandzic, the hero of the revolution and the most important political figure of Tuzla of that time, proclaimed the leader of the so-called Tuzla Group. In the structure of the assembled political and police-judicial incrimination of Pasaga Mandzic and Tuzla group consisted literally of all ideological and political hostilities that existed at the time against socialism and socialist self-government in Yugoslavia. The interweaving of the fate of Salih Burek and Pasaga Mandzic and the common political suffering will make their biographies almost inseparable. By a judgment of the District Court in Tuzla (1975), he was sentenced to six years in prison in Zenica. After exiting from prison (1981), he again dedicated himself as a scientific associate of the Economic Institute in Tuzla to the improvement of the economic development of the Tuzla area.

scholarly journals Reevaluating the Influence of Leaders Under Proportional Representation: Quantitative Analysis of Text in an Electoral Experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Fredén ◽  
Sverker Sikström
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Proportional Representation ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Vote Choice ◽  
Election Campaigns ◽  
Similar Extent ◽  
Text Data ◽  
Representation Systems

We propose that leaders play a more important role in voters’ party sympathy in proportional representation systems (PR) than previous research has suggested. Voters, from the 2018 Swedish General Election, were in an experiment asked to describe leaders and parties with three indicative keywords. Statistical models were conducted on these text data to predict their vote choice. The results show that despite that the voters vote for a party, the descriptions of leaders predicted vote choice to a similar extent as descriptions of parties. However, the order of the questions mattered, so that the first questions were more predictive than the second question. These analyses indicate that voters tend to conflate characteristics of leaders with their parties during election campaigns, and that leaders are a more important aspect of voting under PR than previous literature has suggested. Overall, this suggests that statistical analysis of words sheds new light of underlying sympathies related to voting.

scholarly journals Research on the Effects of the Geographical Adjacency and Informatization Level on Input and Output of Regional Innovation - Based on a Spatial Econometrical Analysis of the 21 Cities in Guangdong Province

2012 ◽  
Vol 6-7 ◽  
pp. 459-467
Author(s):  
Xing You Zheng ◽  
Peng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Econometric Model ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Spatial Econometric ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Spatially Correlated ◽  
Spatial Econometric Models ◽  
Exploratory Data ◽  
Innovation Output ◽  
The Common

Based on the diffusing theories of knowledge, this paper uses the data between 2006-2008 of the 21 cities in Guangdong province to conduct the exploratory data analysis, constructs the input-output model of innovation which take the informatization level of a region into account, and uses the common econometric model and spatial econometric models based on geographical adjacency between two regions, then compared the estimation results of these models. The systematic analysis shows that the innovation output of the 21cities is spatially correlated to each other, the result of the econometric model considered about the adjacency element is more precise than the common one, the accumulation of capital for innovation is the domain engine of innovation creating, the input of human and the enhancement of informatization level stimulate innovation weakly. However, when take the informatization level into account, the results of the new model are more precise. Based on the empirical research, this paper proposes several policy recommendations.

scholarly journals Meta-Responsibility in Corporate Research and Innovation: A Bioeconomic Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Matti Sonck ◽  
Lotte Asveld ◽  
Patricia Osseweijer
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Responsible Conduct ◽  
The Common ◽  
Responsible Research ◽  
Systematic Framework

The term “responsibility” embodies many meanings, also in the context of corporate research and innovation (R&I). The approach of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has emerged as a promoter for responsible conduct of innovation but so far lacks a systematic framework for describing, inventorying, and eventually managing different responsibilities that R&I units hold in companies and further in society. In this paper we take forward the idea of developing RRI into a “meta-responsibility” approach, for orchestrating responsibilities in corporate R&I. First, we introduce a frame for defining responsibility, which is inclusive of four elements (care, liability, accountability, and responsiveness), and is attentive to the intrinsic uncertainty of the R&I setting. Drawing on empirical data from interviews, we then examine how these responsibility elements become operationalised in an actual R&I project. As a result, we develop a meta-responsibility map for corporate R&I, bringing various and sometimes contradicting principles, expectations and obligations under the common terminology of responsibility. We suggest that such integrative outlook on responsibilities increases theoretical solidity and practical applicability of RRI as an innovation management approach. Regarding R&I practices, we conclude that the meta-responsibility map can support R&I units in exploring their co-existing and sometimes conflicting responsibilities, and in managing those responsibilities in the highly uncertain R&I setting. In particular, meta-responsibility shows applicability in (i) balancing risk and precaution, (ii) exposing and addressing concerns about the goals and impacts of innovation, and (iii) accelerating sectoral transition whilst securing one’s own competitive advantage in it.

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