802 Optical Diagnostics of Direct Injection Gasoline Hollow-Cone Spray at Pressurized Surrounding Condition

2000 ◽  
Vol 005.2 (0) ◽  
pp. 235-236
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki KAWAHARA ◽  
Eiji TOMITA ◽  
Ryo KASHIMURA
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Optical Diagnostics ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Hollow Cone Spray

Characteristics of Leeward Shear Layer Structure of Hollow-Cone Spray in Gaseous Crossflow

AIAA Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 405-409
Author(s):  
Haibin Zhang ◽  
Shilin Gao ◽  
Bofeng Bai ◽  
Yechun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Hollow Cone Spray

scholarly journals Spray Drop Size and Velocity Measurements in a Swirl-Stabilized Combustor

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Chehroudi ◽  
M. Ghaffarpour
Keyword(s):  
Drop Size ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Fuel Droplets ◽  
Radial Profiles ◽  
Fuel Nozzle ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Yellow Region ◽  
Hollow Cone Spray

A pressure-swirl fuel nozzle generating a hollow-cone spray with nominal cone angle of 30 degrees is used in a swirl-stabilized combustor. The combustor is circular in cross section with swirl plate and fuel nozzle axes aligned and coinciding with the axis of the chamber. Kerosene is injected upward inside the chamber from the fuel nozzle. Separate swirl and dilution air flows are uniformly distributed into the chamber that pass through the honey comb flow straighteners and screens. Calculated swirl number of 1.5 is generated with the design swirl plate exit air velocity of 30 degrees with respect to the chamber axis. Effects of swirl and dilution air flow rates on the shape and stability of the flame are investigated. Stable and classical liquid fuel sheet disintegration zone exists close to the nozzle with no visible light followed by a luminous blue region and a mixed blue/yellow region that subsequently turns into yellow for most of the part in the flame. A Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) is used to measure drop size, mean and rms axial velocity for two cases of with and without combustion at six different axial locations from the nozzle. For the no-combustion case all air and fuel flow rates were kept at the same values as the combusting spray condition. Results for mean axial drop velocity profiles indicate widening of the spray due to combustion while the magnitudes of the peak velocities are slightly increased. No measurements inside the hollow-cone spray are possible due to burning of fuel droplets. Drop turbulence decreases due to combination of increase in gas kinematic viscosity and elimination of small drops at high temperatures. Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) radial profiles at all axial locations increase with combustion due to preferential burning of small drops.

Analysis of a Prototype High-Pressure “Hollow Cone Spray” Diesel Injector Performance in Optical and Metal Research Engines

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Beatrice ◽  
Giacomo Belgiorno ◽  
Gabriele Di Blasio ◽  
Ezio Mancaruso ◽  
Luigi Sequino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Metal Research ◽  
Hollow Cone Spray

Validation of a CFD Model of a Hollow-Cone Spray with Gasoline Fuel Blends

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Schmidt ◽  
Jason King ◽  
John Stokes ◽  
James Mullineux ◽  
Calvin R.Ramasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Model ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Hollow Cone Spray

Flash boiling hollow cone spray from a GDI injector under different conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 50-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libing Wang ◽  
Fujun Wang ◽  
Tiegang Fang
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Flash Boiling ◽  
Hollow Cone Spray

Numerical Simulations of Hollow Cone Injection and Gasoline Compression Ignition Combustion With Naphtha Fuels

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihad A. Badra ◽  
Jaeheon Sim ◽  
Ahmed Elwardany ◽  
Mohammed Jaasim ◽  
Yoann Viollet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Spray Parameters ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Primary Reference

Gasoline compression ignition (GCI), also known as partially premixed compression ignition (PPCI) and gasoline direct injection compression ignition (GDICI), engines have been considered an attractive alternative to traditional spark ignition engines. Lean burn combustion with the direct injection of fuel eliminates throttle losses for higher thermodynamic efficiencies, and the precise control of the mixture compositions allows better emission performance such as NOx and particulate matter (PM). Recently, low octane gasoline fuel has been identified as a viable option for the GCI engine applications due to its longer ignition delay characteristics compared to diesel and lighter evaporation compared to gasoline fuel [1]. The feasibility of such a concept has been demonstrated by experimental investigations at Saudi Aramco [1, 2]. The present study aims to develop predictive capabilities for low octane gasoline fuel compression ignition engines with accurate characterization of the spray dynamics and combustion processes. Full three-dimensional simulations were conducted using CONVERGE as a basic modeling framework, using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulent mixing models. An outwardly opening hollow-cone spray injector was characterized and validated against existing and new experimental data. An emphasis was made on the spray penetration characteristics. Various spray breakup and collision models have been tested and compared with the experimental data. An optimum combination has been identified and applied in the combusting GCI simulations. Linear instability sheet atomization (LISA) breakup model and modified Kelvin-Helmholtz and Rayleigh-Taylor (KH-RT) break models proved to work the best for the investigated injector. Comparisons between various existing spray models and a parametric study have been carried out to study the effects of various spray parameters. The fuel effects have been tested by using three different primary reference fuel (PRF) and toluene primary reference fuel (TPRF) surrogates. The effects of fuel temperature and chemical kinetic mechanisms have also been studied. The heating and evaporative characteristics of the low octane gasoline fuel and its PRF and TPRF surrogates were examined.

Mixing of Hollow-Cone Spray with a Confined Crossflow in Rectangular Duct

AIAA Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibin Zhang ◽  
Bofeng Bai ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Huijuan Sun ◽  
Junjie Yan
Keyword(s):  
Rectangular Duct ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Hollow Cone Spray
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